Tare da sakin Ubuntu 21.10, Canonical ya ɗauki mataki mai ban tsoro amma mai rikitarwa: Firefox ya zama samuwa azaman karye a cikin babban sigar sa. Ba a buƙatar sauran abubuwan dandano, amma sun riga sun kasance tun Ubuntu 22.04 ya fara samuwa. Idan muka karanta al'umma, zan iya cewa irin wannan nau'in kunshin yana da magoya bayansa da masu cin zarafi, kasancewa cikin na farko masu kishin Ubuntu kuma a cikin na biyu masu korafin "yawan jinkirin su". Amma matsalar tana da tsanani haka?
Amsar ita ce a'a kawai. Ba gaskiya ba ne cewa fakitin karyewa suna da hankali, bayan bude su a karon farko. Amma kasancewa mallakar Canonical a cikin duniyar da ba ta mallaka ba yana da wahala. A kowane hali, Mozilla ne ya gabatar da shi ga Canonical, kuma ya riga ya zama gaskiya cewa masu amfani da Ubuntu ba za su iya shigar da sanannen mai binciken ba idan ba a cikin wannan sigar ba.
Wanene ke da alhakin Firefox kasancewa kawai a matsayin karye
Bisa ga sigar hukuma, Mozilla ce ta tunkari Canonical kuma ya ba da shawara. A cewar sigar hukuma. Amma me ya faru a zahiri? Sigar hukuma zaɓi ne, amma ni kaina ba na tsammanin shine mafi inganci. Ba na jin haka saboda ina ganin Mozilla ba ta damu ba; yana da shi azaman karye, azaman flatpak kuma azaman binaries. Anan wanda ya ci nasara shine Canonical, wanda kuma dole ne mu tuna yayi irin wannan abu tare da Chromium shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. A lokacin, masu amfani da Ubuntu sun soki matakin, ba kawai masu amfani da Ubuntu ba, kamar yadda masu haɓakawa na Linux Mint ke tattara Chromium don bayarwa daga ma'ajin su na hukuma.
Wane ne ke da alhakin ba shine mafi mahimmanci ba, fiye da karbar zargi daga wadanda ba sa so su taba kullun da sanda. Gaskiyar ita ce yanzu ba ya samuwa a cikin ma'ajiyar hukuma, sai dai idan kuna amfani da Ubuntu 20.04 ko 21.10. Kuma wannan yana da ma'anarsa mai kyau da mummunan batu.
Tallafin Mozilla kai tsaye, ƙarin tsaro
Har zuwa yanzu, lokacin da Mozilla ta fitar da sabon sigar Firefox, zai iya ɗaukar sa'o'i kaɗan ko ƴan kwanaki kafin ta isa ga ma'ajiyar hukuma. Wannan na iya zama haɗari, tun da ana iya samun raunin da ake amfani da shi kuma za mu sami tsawon lokaci fiye da buƙata. Wannan baya faruwa akan Windows ko macOS, inda app ɗin ke sabuntawa ta atomatik lokacin da akwai sabo. A cikin Linux, rarrabawa ne ke ɗaukar lambar, bincika shi, tattara ta kuma loda shi zuwa ma'ajinsa. A ka'idar, wannan lokuta an rage zuwa 0 lokacin amfani da sigar karye, tunda Mozilla yana loda shi a lokaci guda da nau'ikan macOS, Windows ko binaries.
Bugu da kari, irin wannan nau'in fakiti, keɓe ko yashi, sun fi aminci. Duk yana faruwa a cikin software, don haka babu wata barazana da ta kuɓuce. Don haka, akan takarda, tallafin mai haɓaka kai tsaye, sabuntawa nan take, da ƙarin tsaro, duk yana da kyau.
Game da saurin karyewa
Lokacin da muka buɗe fakitin karye a karon farko, ya zama dole ƙirƙirar fayilolin daidaitawar ku. Ko da yake ana sa ran ingantawa a wannan lokaci a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, gaskiyar ita ce, na zo ne don ganin bidiyon da Firefox a matsayin tartsatsi ya ɗauki kimanin 10s don buɗewa, har abada wanda masu amfani da Linux ba su saba da su ba. Amma wannan shi ne karon farko; sannan ya riga ya buɗe azaman sigar DEB, ko yakamata.
Madadin zuwa Firefox kamar karye
A halin yanzu, tunda babu shi azaman AppImage, muna da biyu. Na farko zai kasance zuwa wani nau'in kunshin sabbin tsararraki, wato, zuwa gare shi fakitin flatpak daga Flathub. Sauran zai zama shigar da binaries, wanda za mu sami wani abu mai kama da abin da muke da shi a macOS da Windows. Babban bambanci shine Firefox don Linux ba shi da mai sakawa, amma dole ne mu matsar da binaries zuwa manyan manyan fayiloli masu mahimmanci don haɗa shi cikin tsarin. Za mu yi shi ta bin waɗannan matakan, fitar daga Mozilla kanta:
- Muna zazzage binary Firefox, akwai a wannan haɗin.
- Muna buɗe fayil ɗin da aka sauke. A cikin Ubuntu galibi ana iya yin wannan tare da danna sau biyu, amma a cikin sauran rabawa yana iya zama dole don buɗe tasha da buga:
- Tare da buɗe babban fayil ɗin, muna matsar da shi zuwa babban fayil / zaɓi tare da wannan wani umarni:
- Yanzu dole ne ka ƙirƙiri hanyar haɗi ta alama ko alamar haɗin kai zuwa ga aiwatarwa:
- A ƙarshe, an ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin .desktop kuma a matsar da shi zuwa babban fayil ɗin da ake buƙata don ya bayyana a cikin menus/application drawers:
A mataki na karshe, zaku iya zuwa wannan gidan yanar gizon ku zazzage .desktop da hannu, amma zaku sanya shi a cikin babban fayil guda idan kuna son ya bayyana a menu na farawa, app drawer, da sauransu. App ɗin zai sabunta kanta, kamar yadda yake yi akan macOS da Windows.
Yi amfani da sigar DEB
Kamar yadda suke nunawa a cikin maganganun kuma mun sami damar tabbatarwa, zaku iya shigar da kunshin DEB daga wuraren ajiyar hukuma, wanda dole ne ku rubuta duk wannan a cikin tasha:
Sakamako na
Ko da yake ba ni ɗaya daga cikin masu sha'awar ɗaukar hoto, Zan ba da shawarar amfani da tsoho. Canonical ya tsara abubuwa haka, kuma a duk tsawon lokacin Ina amfani da Firefox azaman ɗaukar hoto (tun 20.10) Ban lura da wani abu ba daidai ba. Duk da haka, abu mai kyau game da Linux shine cewa muna da hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma za mu iya yanke shawara ta wata hanya ko wata.
Na bar muku wata hanya mai kama da tsabta da sauƙi:
sudo snap cire Firefox
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa -y
sudo apt sabuntawa
sudo dace shigar -t 'o = LP-PPA-mozillateam' firefox firefox-locale-en
Don hana ɗaukaka snaps daga sake shigar da shi:
sudo gedit /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozillateamppa
Kuma a cikin daftarin aiki da ke buɗewa ka liƙa wannan kuma ka adana:
Kunshin: Firefox*
Pin: saki o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
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