Rubutun Shell - Koyawa 01: Tashoshi, Consoles da Shells
En Ubunlog koyaushe muna neman nunawa labarai da novelties, kusa da shiryarwa da koyarwa. Don haka, a yau za mu fara da jerin koyawa masu fa'ida masu alaƙa da fa'ida mai fa'ida kuma ci gaba a cikin fasaha GNU / Linux.
Saboda haka, a yau za mu fara na farko (01 Tutorial) daga jerin gajerun sakonni game da Scriptan Shell. Don taimakawa inganta ƙwarewar Terminal, ga duk waɗanda m masu amfani da GNU / Linux Operating Systems. Ko da kuwa sun yi shi ne da son rai ko kuma na sana'a.
Kuma kafin fara wannan Koyarwa 01 akan "Rubutun Shell", muna ba da shawarar bincika masu zuwa abubuwan da ke da alaƙa, a karshen karanta wannan rubutu a yau:
Koyarwar Shell Scripting 01
Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa
Menene Terminal?
Lokacin da kuke magana akan hardware, kalmar yawanci ana danganta ta "Terminal" ga waɗanda na'urorin jiki Wannan ya bamu damar shigar da karɓar bayanai akan kwamfuta. Duk da haka, a cikin filin na software, kuma sama da duka, cikin sharuddan amfani da tsarin aiki a yanayin rubutu, kalmar "Terminal", yawanci yana nufin musamman ga 'Terminal emulators'. Wato waɗancan aikace-aikacen da ke ba mu damar amfani da yanayin rubutu a cikin mahallin mai amfani da hoto (GUI). Don haka, aiwatar da ba da damar harsashi ko nau'ikan harsashi masu yawa.
Kyakkyawan sanannen misali shine Windows, wanda ke ba da sanannun Terminal Windows, wanda ta hanyar tsoho yana ba ku damar amfani da shi Windows PowerShell (ko kawai PowerShell), da app "Alamar tsarin" ko kawai CMD (Umurnin Umurnin). Ganin cewa, a cikin GNU/Linux akwai aikace-aikacen Terminal da yawa, waɗanda zasu iya amfani da Shells da yawa. Mafi kyawun Bash Shell.
Menene Console?
Kalmar "Console" kamar na "Terminal", dangane da Hardware, yawanci ana danganta su da abu ɗaya. Koyaya, dangane da software, mafi kyawun haɗin gwiwa yakamata ya zama na a bude zaman a cikin harsashi. Kyakkyawan misali don fahimtar wannan shine za mu iya buɗe tasha mu buɗe shafuka 2 (Consoles) a ciki.
Kuma a cikin kowannensu, fara wani zaman harsashi daban-daban. Har ila yau, a cikin GNU / Linux Operating Systems, mu yawanci samun damar zuwa daban-daban consoles da aka sani da TTY (TeleTpewriter), wanda za'a iya shiga ta amfani da gajerun hanyoyin keyboard masu zuwa: Ctrl + Alt + Aiki key (daga F1 zuwa F7).
Menene harsashi?
Ana iya siffanta harsashi a taƙaice azaman, a tsarin aiki umurnin mai fassara. Don haka, bi da bi, ana iya ganin harsashi azaman babban aiki rubutu dubawa, wanda ake amfani da shi ta hanyar Terminal (Console) don takamaiman dalilai, kamar: Gudanar da tsarin aiki, aiwatarwa da mu'amala tare da aikace-aikacen da bayar da ingantaccen yanayin shirye-shirye (ci gaba). Bugu da kari, a cikin GNU/Linux akwai Shells da yawa, daga cikinsu ana iya ambaton waɗannan abubuwa: Zsh, Kifi, Ksh da Tcsh, a tsakanin wasu da yawa.
A cikin koyawa ta gaba da ta biyu, za mu nutse kadan cikin Shells, musamman Bash Shell. Sannan za mu ci gaba Rubutun rubutu da Rubutun Shell.
Tsaya
A takaice, muna fatan wannan Koyarwa 01 akan "Rubutun Shell" zama ga so da amfani da yawa. Kuma babban wurin farawa don ba da gudummawa ga horo a cikin amfani da GNU/Linux Terminal, musamman ga wadanda masu amfani da farawa a cikin maganganun Tsarin aiki kyauta da budewa, waɗanda galibi suna amfani da aikace-aikacen hoto ne kawai don sarrafa su.
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