QGIS, girka shi akan Ubuntu 18.10 kuma kuyi aiki tare da bayanan yanayin ƙasa

A cikin labarin na gaba zamuyi la'akari da QGIS. Wannan shi ne kunshin kayan aikin bude abubuwa don zane bayanan yanayi. QGIS sanannen tsarin watsa labaran ƙasa ne. Za mu same shi yana samuwa ga Gnu / Linux, Mac da Windows. A cikin wannan sakon zamu ga yadda shigar QGIS 3 akan Ubuntu 18.10.

QGIS (wanda a baya ake kira Quantum GIS) yana ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan takwas na farko na Gidauniyar OSGeo. Wannan software ɗin zai bamu damar ɗaukar ragamar da tsarin vector ta hanyar ɗakunan karatu na GDAL da OGR, da kuma rumbunan adana bayanai.

Babban halayen QGIS

Wasu daga halayensa sune:

• Za a ba mu vector sarrafa fayil Shapefile, ArcInfo coverages, Mapinfo, GRASS GIS, DXF, DWG, da dai sauransu.
• Za mu sami tallafi don adadi mai yawa na iri fayilolin raster (GRASS GIS, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPG, da dai sauransu)
• Daya daga cikin mafi girman fa'idodi shine yiwuwar amfani da Quantum GIS azaman GUI na SIG GRASS, ta amfani da duk ƙarfin bincike na ƙarshe a cikin yanayin aikin ƙawance.
• QGIS an haɓaka cikin C ++, ta amfani da Qt laburare don aikinka jadawalin mai amfani
• Daya daga cikin manyan karfin QGIS shine yana aiki akan tsarin aiki daban-daban kamar: GNU / Linux, BSD, Unix, Mac OSX, Windows da Android (a cikin gwaji na gwaji). Yana aiki kamar haka a cikin su duka.
• QGIS yana da kayan haɓaka kayan aiki. Mai amfani zai iya ƙara sabbin ayyuka da yawa ta hanyar rubuta abubuwan da kake so. Ana iya rubuta waɗannan abubuwan a cikin C ++ ko Python.
• QGIS 3.0 yi amfani da Python sigar 3.X. Yana samar da masu haɓakawa tare da haɗi zuwa misalai da jagorori don Plugin Builder azaman kayan haɓaka Python.

Zamu iya sani game da las fasali wannan aikin a shafinsa na yanar gizo.

Sanya QGIS akan Ubuntu 18.10

Zamu iya shigar da wannan software ta hanyoyi daban-daban akan tsarin Ubuntu 18.10 namu:

Shigar ta hanyar APT

Don shigar da QGIS ta hanyar manajan kunshin APT, kawai zamu buɗe tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuma mu rubuta a ciki:

sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass

Wannan zabin zai shigar da sigar 2.18 na shirin akan tsarinmu. Idan muna son sabon fasalin, tafi zuwa gaba.

Shigar ta wurin ma'ajiyar ku

Tare da wannan zaɓin za mu shigar da sabon juzu'i, musamman a yau, 3.4. Muna iya ƙarawa kai tsaye zuwa fayil ɗin /etc/apt/sources.list ma'ajiyar ma'ajiyarta. Za mu shirya wannan fayil ɗin tare da umarni mai zuwa:

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

Muna buƙatar ƙara ƙarin layi ɗaya kawai.

Kamar yadda muke amfani da Ubuntu 18.10 Cosmic Cutlefish don wannan misalin, dole ne mu ƙara takamaiman wurin ajiyar Ubuntu 18.10 daga QGIS 3. Sunan sunan Ubuntu Cosmic Cutlefish shine cosmic. Don wannan dole ne mu ƙara layi mai zuwa a saman ko ƙasan fayil ɗin /etc/apt/sources.list:

deb https://qgis.org/ubuntu cosmic main

Bayan wannan, muna adanawa da rufe fayil ɗin. Yanzu zamuyi shigo da maɓallin GPG daga QGIS 3 tare da umarnin mai zuwa:

wget -O - https://qgis.org/downloads/qgis-2017.gpg.key | gpg --import

Dole ne a saka maɓallin GPG a cikin na'urar Ubuntu 18.10. Yanzu zaka iya duba idan an shigo da madannin GPG daidai tare da umarnin mai zuwa:

gpg --fingerprint CAEB3DC3BDF7FB45

Yanzu dole ne mu Qara maɓallin QGIS 3 GPG don sarrafa manajan kunshin. In ba haka ba, ba za ku iya sabunta cache ba kuma zazzage kuma shigar QGIS 3. Don aiwatar da wannan aikin za mu aiwatar a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt + T):

gpg --export --armor CAEB3DC3BDF7FB45 | sudo apt-key add -

A wannan lokacin, dole ne mu sabunta Ubuntu 18.10 wanda ya dace da ma'aji:

sudo apt update

Yanzu zamu iya shigar QGIS 3:

sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass

Ya kamata fara saukar da QGIS 3 da tsarin shigarwa. Wannan na iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci.

Fara QGIS

Yanzu zamu iya zuwa Ayyukan Muhalli na Desktop na GNOME 3 kuma bincika qgis. Ya kamata mu sami damar nemo tambarin Desktop na QGIS kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba. Za mu danna shi don ƙaddamar da shirin.

Idan kayi amfani da QGIS a baya kuma ka sami jeri na sigar da ta gabata, za ku iya zabar "Shigo da tsari daga QGIS 2”. Idan kun kasance sababbi ga wannan software, zaɓi “Ina son farawa mai tsafta”A cikin taga da za a nuna kafin loda shirin.

Lokacin da shirin ke farawa, yakamata ku ga taga ɗorawa na QGIS 3 kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto mai zuwa.

Da zarar an gama loda duk abin da ya wajaba, ya kamata mu ga babban taga na shirin.

Yanzu zamu iya fara ƙirƙirar bayanan yanayi. Don ƙarin bayani game da yadda ake amfani da wannan shirin, zamu iya komawa zuwa ga takaddun hukuma na aikin.