Strace mai amfani ne na CLI wanda ake amfani dashi don bincika kurakurai a cikin tsarin tun damar saka idanu na tsarin kira amfani da wani takamaiman shiri da duk siginar da yake karba. Amfani bawa mai amfani damar saka idanu kuma (tun da sigar 4.15) shiga tsakani kan tsarin hulɗa tsakanin shirin da ainihingami da kiran tsarin da ke gudana, pop-rubucen, da aiwatar da sauye-sauyen jihar
Ana yin aikin ta ne ta hanyar fasalin kwayar Linux wanda ake kira ptrace. Ya yi daidai da aikace-aikacen truss da ake da su a kan sauran tsarin Unix. Shirin Cygwin yana ba da irin wannan amfanin. Amfani da shi mafi mahimmanci shine farawa tare tare da shirin da aka gano, wanda ke buga jerin tsarin da ya kira shi ya aiwatar.
Yana da amfani a gano dalilin rashin nasarar wani shirinko saboda tana ba da rahoton yanayin da, misali, shirin ke ƙoƙarin samun damar fayil ɗin da babu shi ko wanda ba shi da izinin karatu.
Daga cikin halayen da suka yi fice daga Strace, masu zuwa sun fito daban:
- Ku sami damar tantance matattarar sunan syscall da za'a gano (ta amfani da -e trace = zaɓi): da suna, kamar su clone, fork, vfork; ta amfani da ɗayan rukunonin da aka riga aka ayyana, kamar su% ipc ko% fayil; ko (tun da sigar 4.17) ta amfani da tsarin gabatarwa na yau da kullun, kamar agogo_ *.
- Sanya jerin hanyoyin da za'a bi (-P /etc/ld.so.cache misali).
- Ayyade jerin masu bayanin fayil waɗanda yakamata a zubar da I / O
- Idaya lokacin aiwatarwa da ƙididdigar syscall
- Buga dangi ko cikakken timestamps
- Gyara lambar dawowa da kuskure na kayyadaddun tsarin kira da allurar sigina bayan aiwatarwa
- Cire bayanai akan masu bayanin fayil (gami da kwasfa).
- Traoƙarin bugun dutse, gami da (tun daga sigar 4.21) alamar buƙata (-k).
- Tacewa ta hanyar dawo da martabar syscall
- madaidaiciya tana goyan bayan warware hujjojin wasu azuzuwan umarni na ioctl, kamar BTRFS_ *, V4L2_ *, DM_ *, NSFS_ *, MEM *, EVIO *, KVM_ *, da sauransu.
Kamar yadda matsakaici kawai ke bayani sai tsarin ya kira, ba za a iya amfani da shi don gano matsaloli da yawa kamar mai lalata lamba kamar GNU Debugger (gdb). Koyaya, ya fi sauƙin amfani fiye da mai lalata lambar, kuma kayan aiki ne mai matukar amfani ga masu gudanar da tsarin. Hakanan masu amfani suna amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar alamun kira don sake kunnawa daga baya.
Game da sabon sigar Strace 5.3
Kwanan nan aka gabatar da sabon sigar na strace 5.3 a wacce an canza lasisin lambar daga BSD zuwa LGPLv2.1 + da GPLv2 + don sigar gwaji.
Har ila yau a cikin canje-canjen da suka tsaya can can akwai tallafi don tace kiran tsarin ta ƙirƙirar seccomp filters ("–Seccomp-bpf"), da kuma lambar dawowa ("-e status = ...").
Wani canji da yayi fice a cikin sanarwar wannan sabon sigar shine masu haɓakawa sun ƙara goyon baya ga pidfd_open da clone3 dikodi mai tsarin kira, da ingantaccen dikodi mai kyau na io_cancel, io_submit, s390_sthyi, da syslog system kira.
Har ila yau a cikin talla an haskaka cewa io umarnin ioctl suna aiki tare da Linux 5.3 kwaya
Na sauran canje-canje wadanda aka ambata a cikin tallan, sune:
- Ingantaccen tsarin NETLINK_ROUTE dikodi mai tsafta
- Haɗin haɗin hanyar sadarwar da aka ƙaddara sun danganta UNIX_DIAG_UID da umarnin WDIOC_ * ioctl
- An sabunta AUDIT_ *, BPF_ *, ETH_ *, KEYCTL_ *, KVM_ *, MAP_ *, SO_ *, TCP_ *, V4L2_ *, XDP_ * da * _MAGIC akai akai
Yadda ake girka matsakaiciyar 5.3 akan Ubuntu da abubuwan da suka dace?
Ana iya samun amfani ga Strace a cikin wuraren ajiya na Ubuntu har ma da dangoginsa, amma har zuwa zuwa wannan sabon sigar, ba a haɗa ta a cikin wuraren ajiya ba. Ana iya shigarwa ta wurin wuraren ajiya ta aiwatar da wannan umarnin:
sudo apt install strace
Yanzu ga wadanda suke son girka wannan sabon sigar sai su zazzage lambar tushe kuma su tattara akan tsarinka.
Suna sauke lambar tushe tare da:
git https://gitlab.com/strace/strace.git
Sun shiga tare da:
cd strace
Kuma suna tattarawa tare da:
./configure && make && make install
A ƙarshe dangane da amfani, zaka iya samun wasu jagorori akan net.