A cikin labarin na gaba zamu kalli DCRaw. Wannan daya ne aikace-aikacen buɗaɗɗen tushe da aka yi amfani da shi don karanta yawancin hotunan hoto (RAW, CR2, ect ...). Yana karanta ainihin waɗanda yawanci ake samarwa ta manyan kyamarorin dijital. DCRaw kayan aiki ne mai sauƙi don shigarwa wanda zamu iya amfani dashi maida wadannan danyun hotunan zuwa fasalin hoton PPM da TIFF. Dave Coffin ne ya rubuta wannan shirin a cikin yaren ANSI C, don haka yanayi ne na giciye.
Wannan shirin shine kayan aikin layin umarni. Wannan yana ɗaukar jerin fayiloli don aiwatarwa, ban da zaɓin hotunan da ake so. Wannan yana sa DCRaw ya zama mai sauƙin amfani daga na'ura mai kwakwalwa, amma yafi wahalar amfani da shi daga shirye-shiryen waje. Wannan shirin shine tushe don aikace-aikace daban-daban na sarrafa zane-zane, kamar masu kallo da masu canzawa, duka kyauta da na mallaka.
Kamar yadda nace, DCRaw kayan aikin layin umarni ne don canzawa raw hotuna zuwa tsarin TIFF ko PPM. Haka ma dace da kyamarori da yawa kuma yana bawa masu amfani sigogi da yawa don samun sakamakon da ake so.
Da zarar mun sami sakamako mai gamsarwa, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da DCRaw ta hanyar fayil ɗin tsari don sauƙaƙe girma hira da fayiloli da yawa.
Sanya DCRaw akan Ubuntu 17.04
Don shigar da DCRaw a cikin Ubuntu za mu koma ga PPA mai dacewa. Don yin wannan, mun buɗe tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuma rubuta abubuwa masu zuwa a ciki:
add-apt-repository ppa:dhor/myway
Da zarar an ƙara wurin ajiyar, za mu sabunta jerin kayan aikin kuma ci gaba da shigarwa ta amfani da rubutun mai zuwa:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install dcraw -y
Idan komai ya tafi daidai lokacin girkawa, aikin DCRaw zai gudana daidai.
Farawa tare da DCRAW
Da wannan misalin, kuma takardun da marubucin ya bar mana a cikin shirin, masu amfani zasu iya yin wasa da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan kuma ƙirƙirar rubutun namu. Wannan farkon farawa ne, damar wannan shirin kusan basu da iyaka.
Don ƙarin sani game da zaɓuɓɓukan da ke cikin wannan shirin, za mu iya aiwatar da umarni mai zuwa a cikin tashar da jerin Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka zai bayyana a kasa:
dcraw
Hanya mafi kyau don fahimtar yadda wannan shirin ke aiki shine ta hanyar lura da misali mai amfani da kuma tunatar da zaɓuɓɓukan da aka yi amfani dasu a ciki. Misali zai zama wanda za'a iya gani a cikin sikirin da ya gabata.
dcraw -v -w -H 1 -o 0 -q 3 -4 -T 1334012583_-mg-9952.CR2
Zaɓuɓɓukan da aka yi amfani da su
- -v: tare da wannan zaɓin, DCRAW zai nuna mana log ɗin da ake samarwa akan allon a ko'ina cikin ayyukan ci gaba.
- -w: kamarar farin ma'auni. Idan muka yi amfani da -a maimakon haka, zamu iya tilasta DCRAW ya kimanta farin farin. Wannan zai dogara ne akan samfurin da aka ɗauka gaba ɗayan hoton. Zai zama wani abu kamar kamarar atomatik WB.
- -H 1: Ana amfani da wannan sifa mai amfani ayyana maganin da DCRAW zai yiwa manyan katako. Zamu iya canza wuraren da aka kone zuwa launin toka (2) na tsaka tsaki, ko amfani da hanyar layi don dawo da wadancan fitilun da aka kona (0). Zabi na 1 shine wanda yawanci nake sanya shi lokacin da nake so in gyara asalin farin fari kuma shima hoton ya fito fili. Yana tabbatar da cewa yayin gyaran farin ma'auni, ba zamu matsar da histogram na kowane tashar zuwa yankin pixels da aka kona ba.
- -a: wannan zaɓin yana da matukar mahimmanci don saita bayanan launi na fayil ɗin fitarwa. A wannan yanayin, tare da ƙimar 0 muna gaya mata kada tayi kowane irin launi da kiyaye sararin hoton asali. Amma zamu iya canzawa zuwa sRGB, AdobeRGB, ProPhoto ...
- -q [0-3]: tare da wannan zaɓin zamu nuna matattarar musayar matrix algorithm. Yawancin lokaci, darajar 3 (AHD) tana aiki mafi kyau tunda shi algorithm ne na daidaitawa, kodayake yana iya yiwuwa cewa a cikin wasu samfurin kyamarar kana buƙatar gwada wasu kuma kiyaye su don hotunanka.
- -4: idan ba mu sanya wannan zaɓin ba, hoton da ke sakamakon zai sami launi 8 na launi a kowace tashar. A) Ee muna tabbatar da hotuna 16-bit.
- -T: samar da fayil TIFF. Yana da kyau idan daga baya zamuyi aiki da hoton a cikin shirin sake gyarawa.
Cire CDRAW ɗin
Don kawar da wannan shirin daga tsarin aikinmu, kawai zamu bi matakan da muka saba ne. Da farko ka share wurin ajiyar ta hanyar bugawa a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt T) umarnin mai zuwa:
add-apt-repository -r ppa:dhor/myway
Yanzu zamu iya share shirin. A cikin wannan tashar mun rubuta:
sudo apt remove dcraw
Idan taimakon shirin da misali a cikin wannan labarin basu isa ba, duk wanda yake buƙata zai iya amfani da waɗannan masu zuwa tutorial game da DCRAW (a cikin Sifen).