A cikin labarin na gaba zamu kalli Gradle. Wannan daya ne babban manufar gina kayan aiki wanda galibi ana amfani dashi a ayyukan Java. Hada mafi kyawun sifofin Ant da Maven. Ba kamar magabata ba, waɗanda ke amfani da XML don rubutun, Amfani da fitila Groovy. Wannan harshe ne mai karko, mai daidaitaccen abu don tsarin Java wanda za'a iya bayyana aikin da ƙirƙirar rubutun dashi.
A cikin wannan sakon zamu ga yadda shigar da Gradle akan Ubuntu 18.10. Wannan umarni iri ɗaya ya shafi sauran sigar Ubuntu da kowane rarraba tushen Ubuntu, gami da Linux Mint da Elementary OS.
Janar fasali na Gradle
- Gradle kayan aiki ne na atomatik don tattarawa. Buɗaɗɗen tushe ne kuma yana mai da hankali ga sassauci da aiki. Ana rubuta rubutun Gradle ta amfani da Groovy ko Kotlin DSL.
- Es sosai customizable. An tsara fitila a cikin hanyar da za ta sa ta zama mai sauƙi da haɓaka.
- Gradle kammala ayyukan da sauri. Sake amfani da sakamakon gudu da suka gabata, sarrafa abubuwa kawai da suka canza da aiwatar da ayyuka a layi daya. Ta haka suke yin ayyukansu cikin sauri.
- Wannan ne kayan aikin gini na hukuma don Android. Ya zo tare da tallafi don shahararrun harsuna da fasaha.
Sanya Gradle akan Ubuntu
A cikin misali mai zuwa zamu ga umarnin mataki-mataki akan yadda shigar da sabon samfurin Gradle akan Ubuntu 18.10. A saboda wannan za mu zazzage sabon juzu'i daga gidan yanar gizon hukuma.
Kafin fara shigarwa, dole ne mu tabbatar cewa a cikin tsarin aikinmu muna da OpenJDK mun girka. Idan ba haka ba, zaku iya bin umarnin da ke ƙasa.
Shigar da OpenJDK
Gradle na buƙatar Java JDK ko JRE version 7 ko mafi girma ta yadda za mu girka kuma mu yi aiki da shi yadda ya kamata. A cikin wannan misalin zan yi amfani da OpenJDK 8.
Shigar Java abu ne mai sauƙi a Ubuntu. Za mu fara, da farko, ta hanyar sabunta bayanan alamomin ta hanyar bugawa a cikin tashar (Ctrl + Alt T):
sudo apt update
Mun ci gaba shigar da kunshin OpenJDK bugawa a cikin wannan tashar:
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk
Da zarar an gama shigarwar, za mu iya tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar aiwatar da umarni mai zuwa. Wannan yana faruwa buga sigar java:
java -version
Idan komai ya daidaita, ya kamata mu ga fitarwa kwatankwacin wannan:
Zazzage Gradle
A lokacin rubutu, sabon fasalin Gradle shine 4.10.2. Kafin ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba, koyaushe yana da ban sha'awa shawarta sake shafi by Aka Anfara don ganin idan akwai wata sabuwa.
Da zarar mun tabbatar da abin da zamu saukar, za mu ci gaba don samun fayil ɗin zip. Muje zuwa zazzage fayil ɗin Binary-kawai A cikin littafin adireshi / tmp ta amfani da umarnin wget mai zuwa:
wget https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.10.2-bin.zip -P /tmp
Da zarar an kammala aikin, za mu cire zip file a cikin / opt / gradle directory:
sudo unzip -d /opt/gradle /tmp/gradle-*.zip
Za mu iya duba fayilolin gradle zana jerin kundin adireshi /opt/gradle/gradle-4.10.2:
ls /opt/gradle/gradle-4.10.2
Kafa sauyin yanayi
Muna ci gaba ta hanyar saita maɓallin PATH don haɗawa da kundin adireshin Gradle. Don yin haka, za mu buɗe editan rubutun da muka fi so kuma za mu ƙirƙiri sabon fayil da ake kira jahilci.sh a cikin kundin adireshi /etc/profile.d/.
Manna tsari mai zuwa a cikin fayil ɗin:
export GRADLE_HOME=/opt/gradle/gradle-4.10.2
export PATH=${GRADLE_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
Sannan adana kuma rufe fayil din. Mataki na gaba da za a bi shi ne sanya rubutun aiwatarwa. Za muyi haka ta buga umarnin mai zuwa a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt T):
sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/gradle.sh
Yanzu kawai zamu koma sauyin yanayin yanayi ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa a cikin wannan tashar:
source /etc/profile.d/gradle.sh
Tabbatar da shigowar Gradle
Don tabbatar da cewa an shigar da Gradle daidai, zamuyi amfani da wannan umarnin. Wannan zai nuna mana shigar da sigar:
gradle -v
Idan muka ga wani abu kamar hoton da ya gabata, yana nufin cewa an riga an shigar da sabon nau'in Gradle akan tsarin Ubuntu ɗinmu.
Tare da wannan duka, zamu sami nasarar sanya Gradle akan Ubuntu 18.10. Yanzu zamu iya ziyarci Shafin Takarda na hukuma da kuma koyon yadda ake amfani da Gradle.