MTR, kayan aiki ne don nazarin cibiyar sadarwa daga tashar

mtr m game da

A cikin labarin na gaba zamu kalli MTR. Yana da wani kayan aikin hanyar sadarwa kuma cewa zamuyi amfani dashi daga layin umarni. Shiri ne mai sauki kuma mai yaduwa da yawa ya haɗa aikin traceroute da shirye-shiryen ping a cikin kayan aiki guda ɗaya.

Da zarar MTR ke gudana, zai bincika haɗin cibiyar sadarwa tsakanin tsarin gida da mai masaukin nesa cewa mu saka. Da farko zaka saita adireshin kowace hanyar sadarwa tsakanin masu masaukin baki. Daga nan sai ya buge kowane ɗayan don tantance ingancin hanyar haɗin yanar gizo zuwa kowane inji.

Kamar traceroute, wannan shirin yana buga bayanai game da hanyar da fakiti suka ɗauka. Daga mai gabatarwa inda MTR ke gudana zuwa mai masaukin-mai niyya mai shiri. Hakanan zai zama mai yiwuwa don ƙayyade hanyar zuwa na'ura ta nesa yayin buga adadin amsawa, da kuma lokutan amsawa na duk hops na cibiyar sadarwa tsakanin tsarin gida da na'ura mai nisa.

Yayin wannan aiki, MTR yana haifar da wasu ƙididdiga masu amfani akan kowane inji. Wadannan ana sabunta su a ainihin lokacin, ta tsohuwa. Lokacin aiwatar da shirin, ana aika fakitin ICMP suna daidaita lokacin rayuwa (TTL), don ganin jerin tsallen da fakitin yayi tsakanin asali da inda aka dosa. Aara kwatsam a cikin asarar fakiti ko lokacin amsawa na iya zama alamar mummunan haɗi, mai ɗaukar nauyi da yawa, ko ma harin kai tsaye-na mutum.

Shigar da MTR

Za mu sami wannan kayan aiki an riga an girka a kan yawancin rarrabawar Gnu / Linux kuma yana da sauƙin amfani. Idan baku sami shigar MTR ba, zaku iya girka shi akan Ubuntun ta amfani da tsoffin manajan kunshin. Dole ne kawai mu buɗe tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuma mu rubuta a ciki:

sudo apt install mtr

Wasu misalai na amfani da MTR

misali mtr

Misali mafi sauki da zamu iya amfani dashi tare da MTR shine samar da sunan yanki ko adireshin IP na mashin mai nisa azaman muhawara, misali google.com ko 216.58.223.78. Wannan umarnin zai nuna mana rahoton da aka gano an sabunta shi a cikin ainihin lokacin, har sai mun rufe shirin, danna maɓallin q ko Ctrl + C.

mtr google.com

Duba adreshin IP na adadi

adadi ip mtr

Zamu iya tilasta MTR ya nuna Adireshin IP maimakon sunayen mai masauki. Don wannan kawai zamuyi amfani -n kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:

mtr -n google.com

Duba sunayen mai masauki da IPs na lambobi

duba runduna da lambobi ips mtr

Idan muna sha'awar nunawa MTR duka sunayen mai masauki da IP, kawai zamuyi amfani da -b:

mtr -b google.com

Iyakance yawan pings

mtr iyakar adadin pings

Don ƙayyade adadin pings zuwa takamaiman ƙima da fita MTR bayan waɗancan pings, za mu yi amfani da -c. Idan muka kalli Snt shafi, da zarar an sami adadin adadin pings da aka ƙayyade, sabuntawa na rayuwa yana tsayawa kuma shirin ya fita. A cikin wannan misalin, za a kori 4 pings.

mtr -c 4 google.com

Haɗa ƙididdigar hanyar sadarwa

Ana iya saita wannan shirin a cikin yanayin rahoto. Don yin wannan, zamuyi amfani da -r, wanda shine zaɓi mai amfani don samarwa kididdiga kan ingancin hanyar sadarwa. Zamu iya amfani da wannan zaɓin tare -c don saka adadin pings. Tunda an buga ƙididdigar akan daidaitaccen fitarwa, zamu sami damar tura su zuwa fayil don ƙarin bincike.

mtr -r -c 4 google.com  > mtr-reporte

Tsara filayen fitarwa

mtr tsara filaye

Hakanan za mu iya tsara filayen fitarwa ta hanyar da ta fi so mu. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda godiya -o zaɓi kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa. Ze iya duba shafin MTR mutum don ma'anar Alamar fili

mtr -o "LSDR NBAW JMXI" 216.58.223.78

Tazara tsakanin buƙatun ICMP ECHO

Tsohuwar tazara tsakanin buƙatun ICMP ECHO na biyu ne. Ana iya canza wannan ta hanyar tantance sabon tazara tsakanin buƙatun canza darajar amfani da -i.

mtr -i 2 google.com

Saka matsakaicin adadin tsalle-tsalle

Za mu iya tantance iyakar tsalle-tsalle. Da tsoho ne 30. Tare da wannan zamu sami damar bincika tsakanin tsarin gida da na'ura mai nisa. Don yin wannan muna amfani da -m kuma ƙimar da take sha'awar mu ta biyo baya.

mtr -m 35 216.58.223.78

Saita girman fakitin da aka yi amfani da shi

Ta hanyar gwada ingancin hanyar sadarwa, za mu iya saita girman fakiti. An bayyana wannan a cikin bytes amfani da -s. A cikin umarni mai zuwa dole ne mu ba da lambar adadi zuwa filin PACKETSIZE:

mtr -r -s PACKETSIZE -c 5 google.com > mtr-reporte

MTR Taimako

Duk wani mai amfani da yake buƙata zai iya samun taimako game da wannan shirin ta hanyar duban shafin mutumin. A ciki zamu sami ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka don amfani.

man mtr

taimaka mtr

Hakanan zamu iya yin amfani da taimako menu miƙa ta shirin daga kewayawarsa ta latsa maɓallin H.


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