A cikin labarin mai zuwa za mu ga wasu kayan aikin layin umarni da ake amfani dasu don nemo kalmomin da suka dace ko alamu tsakanin fayilolin rubutu. Ana amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin gabaɗaya tare da maganganu na yau da kullun, gajarta kamar yadda KARANTA, waxanda sune igiyoyin musamman don bayyana tsarin bincike.
Maganganu na yau da kullun alamu ne da ake amfani dasu don nemo wasu haɗin haruffa tsakanin kebul ɗin rubutu. Maganganu na yau da kullun suna samar da hanya mai sauƙi don bincika ko gane kirtani rubutu. Kodayake a cikin layuka masu zuwa ba za mu ga maganganu na yau da kullun ba, za mu yi amfani da alamu ko kirtani.
Bincika zaren ko alamu daga tashar
Grep umarni
Grep wani ɓoye ne na Bayyana Bayyana Ra'ayoyin Duniya. Wannan kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi na layin umarni wanda ke da amfani yayin neman takamaiman kirtani ko tsari a cikin fayil. Tare da man shafawa za mu iya amfani da ayyuka da yawa, kamar waɗanda abokin aiki ya bayyana mana a cikin wannan rukunin yanar gizon kaɗan.
Haɗin don yin amfani da umarnin grep abu ne mai sauƙi:
grep PATRON [RUTA AL ARCHIVO]
Misali, don bincika kirtani 'Ubuntu'a cikin fayil wanda a cikin wannan misalin za mu kira rubutu.txt, ba tare da la'akari da bambanci tsakanin babba da ƙaramin magana ba, a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt + T) kawai za mu aiwatar da umarnin:
grep -i Ubuntu texto.txt
Umurnin sed
Kishirwa takaice Edita mai rafi. Wani kayan aiki ne mai amfani don tashar da zamu iya sarrafa rubutu a cikin fayil. Binciken Sed, masu tacewa da maye gurbin kirtani a cikin fayil ɗin da aka bayar.
Umurnin sed ta tsoho yana buga fitarwa a cikin MATSAYI (Daidaitaccen fitarwa). Wannan yana nuna cewa sakamakon bugawar an buga shi zuwa tashar maimakon adana shi zuwa fayil.
Ana iya amfani da umarnin Sed kamar haka:
sed -OPCIONES COMANDO [RUTA AL ARCHIVO]
Misali, don maye gurbin duk abubuwan da suka faru na 'Linux'a cikin rubutu ta'Linux', Umurnin don amfani zai kasance mai zuwa:
sed 's/Linux/GnuLinux/g' texto.txt
Idan abinda muke nema shine tura turaren zuwa fayil maimakon buga shi zuwa tashar, zamuyi amfani da alamar turawa kamar haka:
sed 's/Linux/GnuLinux/g' texto.txt > salida.txt
An adana fitowar umarnin a cikin fayil ɗin fitarwa.txt maimakon a buga a kan allo.
Don ganin ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka, zaku iya shawarta shafukan mutum:
man sed
Akka
Ack kayan aikin layin umarni ne mai sauri da aka rubuta a cikin Perl. Anyi la'akari da maye gurbin abokantaka don mai amfani, wanda kuma yana haifar da sakamako ta hanyar gani mai kyau.
para shigar ack a cikin tsarinmu dole ne mu aiwatar a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt T):
sudo apt install ack
Umurnin Ack yana bincika fayil ɗin ko kundin adireshi don layin da suka ƙunshi wasa don ma'aunin bincike. Sa'an nan kuma nuna alama mai dacewa. Wannan kayan aikin yana da ikon rarrabe fayiloli bisa ga kari.
Haɗin rubutun umarnin Ack zai zama wani abu kamar haka
ack [OPCIONES] PATRÓN [RUTA AL ARCHIVO]
Misali, don bincika kalmar Linux a cikin fayil, dole ne mu aiwatar:
ack Linux texto.txt
Kayan aikin bincike kyakkyawa ne kuma idan mai amfani bai kawo wasu fayiloli ko kundayen adireshi ba, yana bincika kundin adireshi na yanzu da ƙananan hukumomi don tsarin bincike.
A cikin misali mai zuwa, ba a ba da fayil ko shugabanci ba. Ack yana gano fayil ɗin da aka samo ta atomatik a cikin kundin adireshin kuma yana neman tsarin daidaitawa:
ack Linux
ripgrep
ripgrep kayan amfani ne na giciye don bincika tsarin bayyanawa na yau da kullun. Yana da sauri fiye da duk kayan aikin bincike da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana bincika kundin adireshi akai-akai don daidaita alamu. Hakanan yana baka damar bincika takamaiman nau'in fayil. Ta hanyar tsoho, ripgrep zai tsallake binaries da ɓoyayyun fayiloli / kundin adireshi.
para girka ripgrep a kan tsarin, duk abin da zaka yi shi ne gudanar da umarni mai zuwa a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt + T):
sudo apt install ripgrep
Aikin gabatarwa don amfani da ripgrep yana da sauƙi kai tsaye:
rg [OPCIONES] PATRÓN [RUTA AL ARCHIVO]
Idan muna so mu bincika sarkar 'Linux'a cikin fayilolin da ke cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu, kawai zamu aiwatar da umarnin:
rg Linux
Don ganin ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka, masu amfani zasu iya amfani mutum shafuka:
man rg
Mai Binciken Azurfa
para shigar da wannan kayan aikiA cikin Ubuntu kawai zamu buɗe tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuma mu rubuta umarnin:
sudo apt install silversearcher-ag
Binciken Bincike shine dandamali na giciye, kayan aikin buɗe ido mai kama da ack amma tare da girmamawa akan saurin. Yana sauƙaƙa samun takamaiman zaren cikin fayiloli a cikin mafi karancin lokacin. Tsarin amfani da shi zai kasance:
ag OPCIONES PATRÓN_DE_BÚSQUEDA /ruta/al/archivo
Misali, don bincika 'Linux'a cikin Fayil rubutu.txt, dole ne mu rubuta a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt T):
ag Linux texto.txt
Don ganin ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka zamu iya tuntuɓar mutum shafuka:
man ag
Waɗannan su ne kawai mafi yawan kayan aikin layin umarni da aka fi amfani da su don bincika, tacewa, da sarrafa rubutu a cikin Linux.