A cikin labarin na gaba zamu kalli Nginx. Wannan shi ne sabar yanar gizo / wakili baya -Aramar aiki mai nauyi da wakili don ladabi na imel (IMAP / POP3). Kyauta ne kuma kayan aikin budewa ne. Akwai sigar kasuwanci da aka rarraba ƙarƙashin sunan nginx plus.
Es dandamali, don haka zaiyi aiki akan tsarin Unix-like (GNU / Linux, BSD, Solaris, Mac OS X, da sauransu.) da Windows. Sabis ne wanda ke da alhakin sarrafa nauyin wasu manyan shafuka akan Intanet. A cikin wannan sakon zamu ga matakan asali don girka da sarrafa Nginx akan komputa tare da Ubuntu 18.04.
Kafin farawa tare da matakan, dole ne mu tabbatar cewa mun shiga azaman mai amfani tare da gatan sudo da hakan ba mu da Apache ko wani sabis da ke gudana a tashar 80 ko 443.
Nginx kafuwa
Za mu sami wannan sabar ana samun su a cikin rumbun adana kayan aikin software na Ubuntu. Shigarwa abu ne mai sauki, kawai zamu bude tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) sannan ku rubuta wadannan umarnin:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install nginx
Bayan an gama shigarwa, za mu tabbatar da matsayin sabis ɗin tare da umarnin mai zuwa:
sudo systemctl status nginx
Zamu iya duba sigar da muke amfani da ita tare da umarnin mai zuwa:
sudo nginx -v
Sanya UFW
Idan kuna amfani da ufw, kuna buƙatar buɗe tashar HTTP 80 da / ko tashar HTTPS 433. Ufw ya zo tare da bayanan martaba dangane da tsoffin mashigai na yau da kullun da shirye-shirye.
Don buɗe kofofin biyu don Nginx, gudanar da umarnin mai zuwa:
sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
Zamu iya tabbatar da canjin da:
sudo ufw status
Gwada shigarwa
Bude http://TU_IP en tu navegador. A wannan yanayin ina girkawa akan network na gida. Yanzu ya kamata mu sami damar ganin shafin gida na asali kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:
Kula da ayyukan Nginx tare da systemctl
Zamu iya sarrafa sabis na Nginx kamar kowane naúrar tsarin.
para dakatar da sabar, za mu aiwatar a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt + T):
sudo systemctl stop nginx
Duk lokacin da muke so fara amfani da shi kuma, mun rubuta a cikin wannan tashar:
sudo systemctl start nginx
Idan abinda muke nema shine sake yi sabis ɗin:
sudo systemctl restart nginx
para Sake shigar da komai bayan yin wasu canje-canje sanyi:
sudo systemctl reload nginx
Idan muna so Kashe uwar garken:
sudo systemctl disable nginx
Zamu iya sake yi sake kunnawa tare da umarnin:
sudo systemctl enable nginx
Tsarin fayil ɗin sanyi
duk fayilolin sanyi suna cikin kundin adireshi / sauransu / nginx /.
Fayil na babban tsari Yana tsaye a /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.
Don sauƙaƙe saitunan don kulawa, ana bada shawara ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin daidaitawa daban don kowane yanki.
da Ana adana fayilolin toshe sabar A cikin littafin adireshi / sauransu / nginx / shafuka-wadata, kuma dole ne mu kirkiresu kamar yadda muke bukatarsu. Fayil din sanyi da aka samo a cikin wannan kundin bayanan Nginx baya amfani dasu sai dai idan suna da nasaba da kundin / da sauransu / nginx / shafukan-masu kunnawa. Don kunna toshe sabar, dole ne mu ƙirƙiri alamar alama daga shafuka a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi.
Abu ne mai kyau a bi daidaitaccen sunan majalisar dokoki. Idan sunan yankin ku shine mydomain.com, to ya kamata a kira fayil ɗin sanyi /etc/nginx/sites-availa/mydomain.com.conf.
Littafin Adireshi / sauransu / nginx / snippets ya ƙunshi tsarukan sanyi waɗanda za a iya haɗa su a cikin fayilolin toshe sabar.
da log fayiloli (access.log da error.log) suna cikin kundin adireshi / var / log / nginx /. Ana ba da shawarar samun dama daban da fayilolin log kuskure don kowane ɓangaren sabar.
Zamu iya saita tushen kundin adireshin yankinmu zuwa duk inda muke so. Da mafi yawan wurare don yanar gizo sun hada da:
- / gida / mai amfani / sitename
- / var / www / sitename
- / var / www / html / sitename
- / ficewa / sitename
Yanzu duk kun shirya don fara tura aikace-aikacenku da amfani da sabon sabarku azaman sabar yanar gizo ko wakili. Har ila yau wajibi ne a jaddada cewa a amintacce takardar shaidar shine 'dole ne' fasalin kowane gidan yanar gizo a yau, kyauta ce ta Bari mu Encrypt SSL takardar shaidar.
Babu shakka wannan farawa ne kawai idan ya zo aiki tare da Nginx. Wanene yake son ƙarin sani game da yadda ake aiki da shi, zai iya tuntuɓar takaddun hukuma.