A cikin labarin na gaba zamu duba yadda ake girka Qt Mahalicci da kuma yadda ake hada wani tsari na asali a cikin Ubuntu. Qt abu ne mai daidaitaccen abu, yanayin aikin giciye. Ana amfani da shi don haɓaka shirye-shiryen da ke amfani da keɓaɓɓiyar mai amfani da keɓaɓɓu ko kayan aikin layin umarni daban-daban da kayan aiki na taɗi don sabobin da ba sa buƙatar mai amfani da zane mai zane.
Qt kyauta ce, buɗaɗɗiyar tushe, tsarin haɓaka aikace-aikacen giciye. Shin jituwa tare da daban-daban dandamali Menene; Gnu / Linux, OS X, Windows, Android, iOS da sauransu. Fiye da harshen shirye-shirye, Qt tsari ne wanda aka rubuta a cikin C ++.
A cikin layi masu zuwa zamu ga yadda shigar da Qt Mahalicci ta layin umarni. Nan gaba zamu gani yadda ake rubuta tsarin salo mai sauki Sannu Duniya da kuma yadda ake tafiyar da shi. Duk wannan zan yi akan Ubuntu 19.04.
Shigar da Qt Mahalicci
Don farawa za mu shigar Gina Mahimmanci, idan baku riga kun girka shi ba. Wannan kunshin ne wanda zai ba masu amfani damar girkawa da amfani da kayan aikin c ++ a cikin Ubuntu. Don ci gaba da shigarwa, mun buɗe tashar (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuma da farko za mu sabunta software ɗin da ke akwai sannan shigar da fakitin ta hanyar bugawa:
sudo apt update; sudo apt install build-essential
Idan baka da kunshin Qt Mahaliccin da aka girka wanda ya ƙunshi UI da kayan aikin layin umarni don ƙirƙirawa da gudanar da aikin Qt, rubuta a cikin wannan tashar:
sudo apt install qtcreator
Idan kana son Qt 5 ayi amfani dashi azaman tsoffin fasalin Qt Mahalicci, gudanar da umarnin mai zuwa:
sudo apt install qt5-default
Don aiwatar da ayyuka masu rikitarwa, lallai ne kuyi hakan shigar da takardun Qt da samfurori. Ana iya yin hakan ta buga a cikin tashar:
sudo apt-get install qt5-doc qtbase5-examples qtbase5-doc-html
Kunshin qt5-doka Ya ƙunshi takardun Qt 5 API. Qtbase5-misalai ya ƙunshi misalan Qt Base 5 kuma qtbase5-doc-html Ya ƙunshi takaddun HTML don ɗakunan karatu na tushe Qt 5.
Rubuta kuma tara shirin Qt na farko daga tashar
Duk abin da za a karanta a ƙasa ana iya yin shi daga yanayin zane, amma a wannan yanayin za mu yi shi ta hanyar tashar. Rubutawa da tattara shirye-shiryen Qt daga layin umarnin Ubuntu yana da sauki kai tsaye. Matakan da za a bi su ne:
Irƙiri kundin adireshi
Za mu fara da ƙirƙirar kundin adireshin aiki don dauki bakuncin shirinmu na Qt. A cikin m (Ctrl + Alt T) mun rubuta:
mkdir ProyectoQt
Irƙiri fayil .cpp a cikin kundin aikin
A cikin kundin adireshin da muka ƙirƙira, za mu aiwatar da wannan umarnin zuwa ƙirƙirar fayil .cpp:
vim mainEjemplo.cpp
A cikin fayil ɗin fanko, kawai kwafe lambar mai zuwa. Manufarta kawai ita ce a buga layi a cikin taga tare da taken 'Shirin Qt na na farko'.
#include <QApplication>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QWidget>
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QLabel hola("<center>Ejemplo Qt para Ubunlog</center>");
hola.setWindowTitle("Mi primer programa Qt");
hola.resize(600, 400);
hola.show();
return app.exec();
}
Da zarar an liƙa a cikin fayil ɗin, zai rage kawai don adanawa da rufe editan.
Createirƙiri fayil ɗin aikin Qt
Bayan adana fayil ɗin da cikin babban fayil ɗin aikin, dole ne ku aiwatar da umarni mai zuwa don ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin aikin Qt:
qmake -project
Zamu iya tabbatar da cewa umarnin da ya gabata ya ƙirƙiri fayil tare da sunan Tsakar GidaQt.pro a cikin kundin adireshi. Wannan fayil ɗin aikin shine ainihin kwarangwal don ayyukan Qt kuma ana iya yin gyara.
Kanfigareshan a cikin fayil ɗin aikin Qt
Tunda muna son tattara aikin daga layin umarni, dole ne muyi theara layi mai zuwa zuwa fayil ɗin .pro cewa mun halitta a cikin mataki na baya.
QT += gui widgets
Don yin wannan, akwai kawai bude fayil ɗin SampleProject.pro da liƙa a cikin layin da ya gabata:
vim ProyectoQt.pro
Createirƙiri fayil mai zartarwa don aikin
Umurnin mai zuwa ƙirƙiri fayil tare da sunan 'Makefile' a cikin kundin adireshi.
qmake ProyectoQt.pro
Sannan zamuyi amfani da make to mu kirkiri Makefile a cikin shirin aiwatarwa:
make
Muddin babu kurakurai a cikin aikin, wannan umarnin yakamata ya kirkiro wani shirin aiwatarwa a cikin kundin adireshi.
Fayil Tsakar Gida a cikin kore, shine fayil ɗin zartarwa Qt.
Gwada shirin
Idan kun isa wannan lokacin, duk kun saita zuwa ƙaddamar da fayil ɗin da za a iya aiwatarwa cewa mun halitta a cikin mataki na baya. Kuna iya ƙaddamar da shirin ta hanyar bugawa a cikin tashar, a cikin babban fayil ɗin aikin:
./ProyectoQt
Sakamakon wannan misalin shine kamar haka:
Wannan shine tushen yauda kullun da duk wani mai amfani yakamata ya sani don rubutawa, tattarawa, da gudanar da shirin Qt na farko. Kamar yadda na ambata layuka a sama, zaku iya zaɓar tsakanin layin umarni ko hanyar UI, gwargwadon bukatun aikinku da abubuwan da kuke so. Domin ƙarin bayani, shawarci takaddar Qt na hukuma.
Ƙimar, abin da labarin ya yi niyya shi ne shigar da tattara shirye-shirye ta amfani da QT, a gefe guda Qt Mahaliccin IDE multiplatform ne, in ba haka ba yana da kyau.