Yadda ake girka sabar PXE (network network)

pxe taya

A farkon rayuwar Linux la shigarwa Anyi shi daga diskettes kuma hakan ya isa, sannan muka tafi CDs kuma daga baya zuwa DVDs da kafofin watsa labarai na waje irin su pen drives, amma akwai hanya mai ban sha'awa don girka babban tsarin aiki kyauta kuma ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ne, ana cin riba na kyawawan saurin da muke da su a matsakaita a yau (aƙalla a cikin birane tabbas).

Amma kafin mu fara muna buƙatar shirya wasu abubuwa, don haka a cikin wannan rubutun zamu nuna yadda ake girka sabar PXE a cikin Ubuntu. Ga wadanda ba su da masaniya sosai game da wannan, sai su ce akron yana nufin sabar preboot aiwatar yanayi -ko a cikin Mutanen Espanya 'pre-fara aiwatar da yanayin' - kuma abin da yake bamu damar shine fara kwamfuta daga nesa ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa.

Don wannan, abin da muke yi shi ne kwafa hoton shigarwa ISO zuwa sabar PXE, amma don wannan don aiki zamu buƙaci hawa sabar, wanda shine abin da za mu nuna a wannan koyawa. Kuma zamu fara daga asalin cewa ƙungiyarmu tana da tsayayyen adireshin IP wanda shine 192.168.100.1 da kuma sunan masauki serverpxe.com, amma ban da wannan za mu bukaci a DHCP uwar garke a cikin namu Ubuntu don haka zamu samu aiki.

# apt-samun sabuntawa

# apt-samun shigar uwar garken isc-dhcp

Sannan muna buɗe fayil ɗin sabar don gyara:

nano / sauransu / tsoho / isc-dhcp-uwar garke

Kuma muna ƙara haɗin cibiyar sadarwar kayan aikinmu don shine wanda ke karɓar haɗin:

[...]

MUHIMMANCI = »eth0 ″

Yanzu haka mukeyi tare da fayil ɗin sanyi:

# nano / sauransu / dhcp / dhcpd / conf

[...]

zabin sunan yankin "serverpxe.com";

zabin yankin-suna-sabobin "server1.serverpxe.com";

subnet 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

zangon 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.30;

zabin magudanar 192.168.1.1;

zaɓi watsa-adireshin 192.168.1.255;

}

tsoho-haya-lokaci 600;

Lokaci mafi yawa-7200

[...]

iko;

[...]

Da zarar mun gama, dole ne mu yi sake kunna sabis na DHCP:

Sabis isc-dhcp-sake farawa

Yanzu zamu shigar da sabar PXE kanta, sannan mu bude fayil dinta don gyarawa:

# apt-samun shigar apache2 tftpd-hpa kayan inetutils-inetd

# nano / sauransu / tsoho / tftpd-hpa

Mun ƙara zaɓi wanda zai bamu damar fara daemon:

[...]

RUN_DAEMON = »eh»

ZABI = »- l -s / var / lib / tftpboot»

Muna adanawa da buɗe fayil ɗin daidaitawar daemon daemon don gyara:

# nano /etc/inetd.conf

Mun kara da wadannan:

[...]

tftp dgram udp jira root /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /user/sbin/in.tftpd -s / var / lib / fttpboot

Mun adana, kuma yanzu lokaci yayi da za'a sake kunna sabis:

sabis tftpd-hpa sake farawa

Don gama daidaitawar sabis, dole ne muyi daidai da sabar PXE:

# nano /etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf

Muna ƙara waɗannan masu zuwa, a ƙarshen fayil ɗin:

[...]

ba da izinin booting;

ba da damar bootp;

zaɓi zaɓi-128 lambar 128 = kirtani;

zaɓi zaɓi-129 lambar 129 = rubutu;

uwar garken na gaba 192.168.1.100;

sunan filen "pxelinux.0";

Mun adana kuma sake kunna sabis ɗin:

# Sabis isc-dhcp-sake farawa

Akwai ƙasa da haka, kuma yanzu dole ne mu saita manyan fayilolin da za mu hau kan ISOs ɗin da sauran ƙungiyoyin za su shiga.

# hawa / dev / sr0 / mnt

cp -avr / mnt / shigar / netboot / * / var / lib / tftpboot /

mkdir -p /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10

cp -avr / mnt / * /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10/

Sannan muna shirya fayil ɗin sanyi na pxelinux.cfg / tsoho:

nano /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

Mun ƙara:

[...]
lakabin Linux
kernel ubuntu-mai sakawa / amd64 / linux
ƙara ks = http: //192.168.1.100/ks.cfg vga = al'ada initrd = ubuntu-mai sakawa / amd64 / initrd.gz
ramdisk_size = 16432 tushe = / dev / rd / 0 rw -

Aƙarshe, muna ƙara tallafi na PXE zuwa sabar DHCP:

nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

Mun ƙara:

[...]
ba da izinin booting;
ba da damar bootp;
zaɓi zaɓi-128 lambar 128 = kirtani;
zaɓi zaɓi-129 lambar 129 = rubutu;
uwar garken na gaba 192.168.1.100;
sunan filen "pxelinux.0";

Wannan kenan, yanzu kawai zamu saita sauran kwamfutocin ne daga BIOS don su fara daga cibiyar sadarwar, kuma yayin yin haka zasu nemi sabar mu ta PXE don daidaitawa kuma zamu iya farawa da girke-girke.


6 comments, bar naka

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  1.   Erick m

    Misali: kuma idan ina so Win7 ya zama maimakon Ubuntu, tunda nayi hakan tare da Ubuntu amma ban taɓa yin Win7 ba, Gaisuwa

  2.   Persona m

    Yayi kyau idan adireshin IP na sabarku 192.168.1.100 yakamata subnet ya zama 192.168.1.0.
    A gefe guda kuma, yayin ƙara mataki na ƙarshe ya ba ni kuskure, shin yana tsakanin sashin sashin murabba'i ɗaya ko dai haka ne?

  3.   Nacho m

    Barka dai, na bi duk matakan kuma bayan raba diski, lokacin da zai girka sai ya tsaya kuma baya ci gaba. Me zai iya zama?

  4.   fdsa m

    Lokaci na gaba da za ku rubuta labarin, ku sake bitar shi kafin ku sanya shi saboda wannan mummunan lalata ne

  5.   HIROKOSONOY m

    DAGA WADANNAN LAYOYAN BA ZAN IYA BA INA DA UBUNTU 16.04 WASU SHAWARA ..

    Akwai ƙasa da haka, kuma yanzu dole ne mu saita manyan fayilolin da za mu hau kan ISOs ɗin da sauran ƙungiyoyin za su shiga.

    # hawa / dev / sr0 / mnt

    cp -avr / mnt / shigar / netboot / * / var / lib / tftpboot /

    mkdir -p /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10

    cp -avr / mnt / * /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10/

    Sannan muna shirya fayil ɗin sanyi na pxelinux.cfg / tsoho:

    nano /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

    Mun ƙara:

    [...]
    lakabin Linux
    kernel ubuntu-mai sakawa / amd64 / linux
    ƙara ks = http: //192.168.1.100/ks.cfg vga = al'ada initrd = ubuntu-mai sakawa / amd64 / initrd.gz
    ramdisk_size = 16432 tushe = / dev / rd / 0 rw -

    Aƙarshe, muna ƙara tallafi na PXE zuwa sabar DHCP:

    nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

    Mun ƙara:

    [...]
    ba da izinin booting;
    ba da damar bootp;
    zaɓi zaɓi-128 lambar 128 = kirtani;
    zaɓi zaɓi-129 lambar 129 = rubutu;
    uwar garken na gaba 192.168.1.100;
    sunan filen "pxelinux.0";

    Wannan kenan, yanzu kawai zamu saita sauran kwamfutocin ne daga BIOS don su fara daga cibiyar sadarwar, kuma yayin yin haka zasu nemi sabar mu ta PXE don daidaitawa kuma zamu iya farawa da girke-girke.

  6.   Tony m

    idan na riga na sami sabar DHCP akan sabar windows, shin ya zama dole a girka sabar DHCP akan ubuntu?