A cikin labarin na gaba zamu duba hanyoyi daban-daban na jerin abubuwan ciki na shugabanci ba tare da amfani da umurnin ls. Wannan umarnin shine watakila mafi yawan amfani dashi don lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi akan tsarin-Unix-like.
Kodayake ls yana aiki sosai, bazai taɓa ciwo ba sanin cewa zamu iya samun wasu hanyoyi don lissafa abubuwan cikin kundin adireshi ta amfani da ɗayan masu zuwa zabi zuwa umarnin ls. Kamar yadda yake faruwa sau da yawa a cikin duniyar Gnu / Linux, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa.
Kamar yadda duk masu amfani da Gnu / Linux suka sani, zamu iya amfani da wannan umarnin don nuna abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi, wanda ake kira Gwaji a cikin wannan misalin:
Wannan shine yadda yawancin masu amfani suke jerin fayiloli da kundayen adireshi. Koyaya, zamu iya amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin masu zuwa don yin wannan.
Rubuta abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi tare da wasu hanyoyin maye umarnin ls
Yi amfani da umarnin Kira
Wannan umarnin shine yawanci ana amfani dashi a cikin rubutun harsashi da shirye-shiryen tsari don buga maganganun da aka bayar. Ana iya wuce kowane rubutu ko kirtani azaman mahawara. Wannan umarnin ba kawai yana aiki don buga hujjojin da aka bayar ba, amma kuma ana iya amfani dashi jera fayiloli a cikin m (Ctrl + Alt + T):
echo *
para Nuna abun ciki na matattara na gaba Ana iya amfani dashi:
echo */*
para lissafa fayilolin ɓoye za mu aiwatar:
echo * .*
Binciken ƙarin cikakkun bayanai a cikin shafukan mutum:
man echo
Yi amfani da umarnin dir
Wannan umarnin dayawa suna ganin yayi daidai da wanda ake amfani dashi a Windows, tunda yana aiki a cikin Gnu / Linux ta hanya kaɗan ko kaɗan. Domin lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu ya kamata ku rubuta:
dir
para lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin takamaiman kundin adireshi, kawai ku wuce hanya azaman mahawara:
dir /home/sapoclay/Prueba
Hakanan zamu iya lissafa duk abubuwan da ke ciki, ciki har da fayiloli boye ta buga:
dir -a
Zamu iya duba ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da dir a cikin shafukan mutum:
man dir
Yi amfani da umarnin bugawa
Umurnin bugawa ana amfani dashi don tsarawa da buga rubutu. Wannan umarnin zai buga maganganun bisa ga tsarin da aka bayar. Hakanan zamu iya amfani da shi zuwa lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu:
printf '%s\n' *
para karin bayani, duba shafukan mutum:
man printf
Yi amfani da umarnin grep
Grep ana amfani dashi bincika ta amfani da maganganun yau da kullun. Wani abokin aiki ya rubuta labarin game da yadda ake amfani da wannan umarnin.
para jera abin da ke cikin kundin adireshi ta amfani da umarni grep, kawai dai ka gudu:
grep -l '.*' ./*
Zai iya zama samu karin bayani game da wannan umarnin ta amfani da mutum:
man grep
Yi amfani da umarnin samu
Umurnin samu ana amfani dashi don bincika fayiloli a cikin tsarin jagoranci. Hakanan zamu iya amfani da wannan umarnin zuwa duba abun ciki na kundin adireshi:
find -maxdepth 1
Ko kuma za mu iya amfani da:
find .
Umarni na farko yana nuna duk fayiloli da kundayen adireshi a cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu, yayin umarni na biyu Nuna duk fayiloli da kundayen adireshi akai-akai.
Hakanan zamu iya duba abubuwan da ke cikin takamaiman kundin adireshi:
find dir1/
Podemos san ƙarin game da samu a cikin shafin mutum:
man find
Yi amfani da umarnin jihar
Umurnin jihar amfani dashi don nuna fayil da tsarin tsarin fayil. Tare da wannan umarnin, zamu iya duba kadarorin fayiloli da kundin adireshi kamar girma, izini da ƙirƙirawa, da sauransu.
Zamu iya jera fayiloli da kundayen adireshi ta amfani da umarni jihar:
stat -c '%s %A %n' *
Kamar yadda kake gani, umarnin ba kawai ya lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu ba, har ma da izini da girman kowane fayil da kundin adireshi.
Zamu iya amfani da shafukan mutum zuwa samu karin bayani:
man stat
Yi amfani da umarnin lsattr
Umurnin lsattr Ana amfani dashi don lissafa halayen fayiloli da kundayen adireshi a cikin Gnu / Linux. Domin jera fayiloli da kundayen adireshi a cikin kundin aiki na yanzu, za mu yi amfani da wannan umarnin:
lsattr ./*
Duba shafukan mutum don cikakkun bayanai game da umarni lsattr.
man lsattr
Yi amfani da umarnin samsarin
Umurnin samsarin tare da setfacl, su ne mafi fa'ida da mahimmanci umarni wanda yakamata duk masu gudanar da tsarin su san lokacin saitawa Lissafin sarrafa hanyoyin shiga (ACLs).
para duba jerin fayiloli da kundayen adireshi a cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu, za mu kawai aiwatar da:
getfacl ./*
Zai iya zama san ƙarin game da wannan umarnin amfani da mutum:
man getfacl
Yi amfani da edita Vim
El edita Vim kuma za'a iya amfani dashi jera fayiloli da kundayen adireshi. Za mu kawai rubuta wadannan, tuna batun bayan vim:
vim .
Amfani da kibiyoyin UP / DOWN za mu iya kewaya cikin jerin. Hakanan zamu sami damar motsawa ta ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan.
Wadannan kadan kenan madadin zuwa umarnin 'ls' don lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi, wanda bai cika sani ba.