Apache Virtual Hosts, tingawakonze bwanji ku Ubuntu 20.04

M'nkhani yotsatira tiwona Apache Virtual Hosts. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kufotokoza izi wokhala nawo ndiupangiri wosintha wa Apache womwe ungatilolere kuyendetsa tsamba limodzi pa seva imodzi. Zowona kuti akuthamanga pa seva yomweyo sizowonekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto.

Ndi Makamu Othandizira tidzatha kufotokoza muzu wa tsambalo (chikwatu chomwe chili ndi mafayilo atsamba lawebusayiti), ndikupanga njira zachitetezo zosiyana patsamba lililonse, gwiritsani ntchito satifiketi za SSL zosiyanasiyana ndi zina zambiri.

M'mizere yotsatira tiwona Momwe mungasinthire Apache Virtual Hosts pa Ubuntu 20.04, ndipo chifukwa cha izi tiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi tisanapitilize; dzina limodzi kapena angapo omwe amayang'ana IP ya seva yanu yapagulu ndi Apache yoyikidwa pa Ubuntu.

Zotsatira

1 Pangani chikwatu
2 Pangani makamu enieni

Pangani chikwatu

Mizu ya chikalatacho ndi chikwatu chomwe mafayilo amtundu wawebusayiti amasungidwa ndikusungidwa, poyankha zopempha. Titha kukhazikitsa mizu pamalo omwe amatisangalatsa. Dera lililonse limasungidwa pa apache seva idzakhazikitsa mizu yake / var / www / domain-dzina / public_html.

Tipita yambani pakupanga chikwatu cha mizu pamadambwe awiriwo zomwe ndigwiritse ntchito muchitsanzo ichi:

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/dominio1.com/public_html
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/dominio2.com/public_html

Ndiponso tidzapanga fayilo index.html mkatikati mwa chikwatu chazomwe zili patsamba lililonse. Izi zikuwonetsedwa tikamayendera dera kuchokera kwa osatsegula:

sudo vim /var/www/dominio1.com/public_html/index.html

Mkati mwa fayilo, tilemba zotsatirazi:

 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="es">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">dominio1</title>
  </head>
  <body>    
<h1>Home del dominio1</h1>
  </body>
</html>

Kwa gawo lachiwiri, tidzasintha fayilo yake ya index.html ndikuwonjezera zotsatirazi:

sudo vim /var/www/dominio2.com/public_html/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="es">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">dominio2</title>
  </head>
  <body>
<h1>Home del dominio2</h1>
  </body>
</html>

Popeza malamulowa ali ndi sudo, mafayilo omwe adangopangidwa kumene ndi akalozera amakhala ndi mizu. Pofuna kupewa mavuto azilolezo, Tidzasintha umwini wazosunga madambwe ndi mafayilo onse m'mabuku awa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito apache (www-data):

sudo chown -R www-data: /var/www/dominio1.com
sudo chown -R www-data: /var/www/dominio2.com

Pangani makamu enieni

Pa machitidwe a Ubuntu, Maofesi osintha a Apache a Apache amapezeka m'ndandanda / etc / apache2 / masamba omwe alipo. Zitha kuthandizidwa pakupanga maulalo ophiphiritsa ku chikwatu / etc / apache2 / malo othandizira, yomwe Apache amawerenga nthawi yoyamba.

Titha kutchula mafayilo osinthira chilichonse chomwe tikufuna. Koma Chizolowezi chabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito dzina la mayina monga dzina la fayilo yosinthira alendo. Tsopano titsegula mkonzi wathu wamakalata ndikupanga mafayilo oyambira. Mwa chitsanzo ndikungowonetsa nambala ya domain1:

sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/dominio1.com.conf

Mkati tiwonjezera zina ngati izi, koma pa domain2, tifunika kusintha domain1 kukhala domain2 mu code yotsatira:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName dominio1.com
    ServerAlias www.dominio1.com
    ServerAdmin webmaster@dominio1.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/dominio1.com/public_html

    <Directory /var/www/dominio1.com/public_html>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/dominio1.com-error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/dominio1.com-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

ServerName → Mukufuna kudziwa madera omwe akuyenera kufanana ndi izi. Kum'mawa liyenera kukhala dzina la mayina.
ServerAlias → Zonse madambwe ena kapena madera ena omwe akuyenera kufanana ndi woyang'anira uyu, monga www.
DocumentRoot → Nayi iwonetsa chikwatu chomwe Apache azigwiritsa ntchito mafayilo.
Zosankha → Langizo ili amawongolera zomwe ntchito za seva zimapezeka m'ndandanda inayake.
- Index → Pewani mindandanda yazosunga.
- ZachingSi → Ngati njirayi yathandizidwa, Apache azitsatira maulalo ophiphiritsa.
VomerezaniOverride → Mukutchula chiyani Maulamuliro omwe adalengezedwa mu fayilo ya .htaccess atha kutsata njira zosinthira.
ErrorLog, CustomLog → Apa mungatchule fayilo ya log mafayilo.

Mafayilowo akangosungidwa, kuti tithandizire fayilo yatsopanoyo, tidzapita pangani ulalo wophiphiritsa kuchokera kufayilo yoyandikira kutsamba lololedwa ndi tsambalo. Tidzachita izi pogwiritsa ntchito script a2 ku:

sudo a2ensite dominio1.com

Njira ina ndiyo pamanja pangani ulalo wophiphiritsa monga zikuwonetsedwa motere:

sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/dominio1.com.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

Izi zikachitika, titha yesani kasinthidwe ka zolakwika za syntax ndi:

sudo apachectl configtest

Ngati palibe zolakwika, pamapeto pake tiwona zotsatira ngati izi:

Tikupitiliza kuyambitsanso ntchito ya Apache kuti kusinthaku kuchitike:

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Pomaliza, kutsimikizira kuti zonse zimagwira ntchito monga zikuyembekezeredwa, tidzatsegula ulalo http://dominio1.com mu msakatuli ndipo tiyenera kuwona zomwe zili patsamba index.html ya domain1:

Ndi Makamu a Virtual titha kulandira madera angapo pa seva imodzi ya Ubuntu. Titha kubwereza masitepe omwe afotokozedwa m'mizere yapitayi kuti tipeze zina zowonjezera pamadongosolo athu onse.

Chowonekera m'nkhaniyi ndichongofotokozera za Virtual Host ndi kasinthidwe kake mu Ubuntu. Chitha pezani zambiri pa Webusayiti ya Apache.

Ndemanga, siyani yanu

Siyani ndemanga yanu Letsani kuyankha

Carlos anati
amapanga Miyezi 10

Moni, zinandithandiza kwambiri kuti ndizitha kupanga makamu enieni, koma poyendetsa apachectl confitest ndidapeza cholakwika chotsatirachi: “AH00558: apache2: Sindinathe kudziwa bwino dzina la seva lomwe lili ndi oyenerera, pogwiritsa ntchito 127.0.1.1. Khazikitsani malangizo a 'ServerName' padziko lonse lapansi kuti musatseke uthengawu
Syntax OK»

Sindikudziwa chomwe chingakhale cholakwika

Yankhani kwa Carlos