LAMP, ikani Apache, MariaDB ndi PHP pa Ubuntu 20.04

M'nkhani yotsatira tiwona momwe tingakhalire LAMP pa Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. Ndi zida zingapo zamapulogalamu. LAMP imayimira Linux, Apache, MariaDB / MySQL ndi PHP, zonse zomwe zili zotseguka komanso zaulere kugwiritsa ntchito. Ndi pulogalamu yodziwika bwino kwambiri yomwe imapatsa mphamvu mawebusayiti ndi ntchito za intaneti.

Linux ndiyo njira yogwiritsira ntchito, Apache ndi seva yapaintaneti, MariaDB / MySQL ndiye seva ya nkhokwe, ndipo PHP ndiye chilankhulo cholozera mbali ya seva, chomwe chimayang'anira kupanga masamba amtundu wamphamvu. Kuti mutsatire mizere yotsatirayi padzakhala kofunika kukhala ndi makina opangira Ubuntu 20.04 ikuyenda pamakina akomweko kapena seva yakutali.

Ikani LAMP pa Ubuntu 20.04

Musanakhazikitse stack ya LAMP, ndibwino sinthani pulogalamu yosungira ndikusungira mapulogalamu. Tidzachita izi pochita mu terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T):

sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade

Ikani apache intaneti

Lembani lamulo lotsatira mu terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) mpaka ikani Apache web server:

sudo apt install -y apache2 apache2-utils

Ikayika, Apache ayenera kuyamba zokha. Titha kutsimikizira izi polemba:

systemctl status apache2

Ifenso tikhoza onani mtundu wa Apache:

apache2 -v

Tsopano lembani adilesi ya IP yapagulu ya seva ya Ubuntu 20.04 mu bar ya adilesi ya msakatuli. Muyenera kuwona tsamba loyambira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti seva ya Apache ikuyenda bwino. Ngati mukuyika LAMP pamakina a Ubuntu 20.04, lembani 127.0.0.1 kapena localhost mu bar ya adilesi msakatuli.

Ngati kulumikizana kukanidwa kapena sikukwaniritsidwa, titha kukhala ndi zotchingira moto zoletsa zopempha zomwe zikubwera ku TCP port 80. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito iptables makhoma oteteza, muyenera kutsatira lamulo ili kuti mutsegule TCP port 80:

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito firewall UFW, perekani lamulo kuti mutsegule TCP port 80:

sudo ufw allow http

Tsopano tikufunikira khazikitsani www-data (Wogwiritsa ntchito Apache) monga mwini wa muzu wa intaneti. Tidzachita izi mwa kulemba:

sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/www/html/ -R

Ikani seva ya database ya MariaDB

MariaDB ndi m'malo mwa MySQL. Lembani lamulo lotsatirali ku instalar MariaDB pa Ubuntu 20.04:

sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

Pambuyo pake, seva ya MariaDB iyenera kuyendetsa yokha. Tidzatero onani momwe mulili ndi lamulo:

systemctl status mariadb

Ngati sichikuyenda, tidzayamba ndi kulemba:

sudo systemctl start mariadb

Para lolani MariaDB kuyamba zokha pa nthawi ya boot, tiyenera kuchita:

sudo systemctl enable mariadb

Chongani Mtundu wa seva ya MariaDB:

mariadb --version

Tsopano yambitsani post-kukhazikitsa chitetezo script:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Mukatifunsa kuti tilowetse chinsinsi cha mizu ya MariaDB, pulsa tsamba loyambilira popeza mawu achinsinsi sanakhazikitsidwe pano. Kenako lembani mawu achinsinsi pazu la MariaDB.

Kenako tikhoza kusindikiza tsamba loyambilira kuyankha mafunso onse otsala. Izi zichotsa wosuta wosadziwika, kuletsa kulowa muzu wakutali, ndikuchotsa nkhokwe yoyeserera.

Pofikira, phukusi la MaraiDB mu Ubuntu limagwiritsa ntchito alireza kutsimikizira kulowa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Sakani PHP7.4

Panthawi yolemba, PHP7.4 ndiye mtundu wokhazikika wa PHP. Pachifukwa ichi tilembera lamulo lotsatira ku ikani PHP7.4 ndi ma module ena wamba a PHP:

sudo apt install php7.4 libapache2-mod-php7.4 php7.4-mysql php-common php7.4-cli php7.4-common php7.4-json php7.4-opcache php7.4-readline

Tsopano ife tiyenera yambitsani gawo la Apache php7.4 ndikuyambiranso seva ya Apache.

sudo a2enmod php7.4

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Titha onani mtundu wa PHP ndi lamulo:

php --version

Kuti muyese zolemba za PHP ndi seva ya Apache, Tiyenera kupanga fayilo ya info.php m'ndandanda wazu:

sudo vim /var/www/html/info.php

Mkati mwa fayiloyi tikhala ndi nambala yotsatira ya PHP:

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Fayiloyi ikasungidwa, tsopano mu adilesi ya msakatuli yemwe timayenera kulemba ip-adilesi / info.php. Bwezerani ip-adilesi ndi IP yanu yapano. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito makina akomweko, lembani 127.0.0.1 / info.php o localhos / info.php. Izi zikuyenera kuwonetsa chidziwitso cha PHP.

Kuthamangitsani PHP-FPM ndi Apache

Tipeza njira ziwiri zoyendetsera PHP nambala ndi seva ya Apache. Ndi gawo la PHP Apache komanso ndi PHP-FPM.

Pazigawo pamwambapa, gawo la Apache PHP7.4 limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi nambala ya PHP. Izi ndizabwino, koma nthawi zina tiyenera kuchita nambala ya PHP ndi PHP-FPM. Kuti muchite, Tiyenera kulepheretsa gawo la Apache PHP7.4:

sudo a2dismod php7.4

Tsopano tiyeni kukhazikitsa PHP-FPM:

sudo apt install php7.4-fpm

Tikupitiliza kulola proxy_fcgi ndi module setenvif:

sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif

Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala thandizani config file /etc/apache2/conf-available/php7.4-fpm.conf:

sudo a2enconf php7.4-fpm

Ndiye tiyenera kuyambiranso apache:

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Tsopano mukatsitsimutsa tsambalo info.php mu msakatuli, mupeza kuti Server API yasintha kuchokera ku Apache 2.0 Handler kukhala FPM / FastCGI, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti seva ya Apache ya intaneti ipitilira zopempha kuchokera ku PHP kupita ku PHP-FPM.

Kuti timalize ndi kuteteza seva, tiyenera chotsani fayilo ya info.php.