Pip, kukhazikitsa ndi zoyambira za chida ichi ku Ubuntu 20.04

Munkhani yotsatira tiona Kodi tingatani kuti titha kukhazikitsa ndikusamalira ma phukusi a Python pogwiritsa ntchito Pip pa Ubuntu 20.04. Ichi ndi chida chokhazikitsa phukusi la Python. Ndicho tidzatha kusaka, kutsitsa ndikuyika maphukusi kuchokera ku Python Package Index (PyPI) ndi zolozera zina zamapaketi.

M'mizere yotsatirayi tiwona momwe tingayikitsire bomba la Python 3 ndi Python 2 ku Ubuntu 20.04. Tionanso zina mwazofunikira kukhazikitsa ndi kuwongolera ma phukusi a Python pogwiritsa ntchito pip. Ziyenera kunenedwa choncho monga Ubuntu 20.04, Python 3 ikuphatikizidwa pamakonzedwe oyambirandi Python 2 ilipo kuti ikonzeke kuchokera kumalo osungira chilengedwe. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito sikulimbikitsidwanso ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito akupemphedwa kuti asinthe kupita ku Python 3.

Mukakhazikitsa Python, Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyike phukusi la moduli ndi chida choyenerapopeza izi zayesedwa kuti zigwire bwino ntchito pamakina a Ubuntu. Ziyeneranso kukhala zomveka kuti Python 3 phukusi amagwiritsa ntchito manambala oyamba chitsulo3- y Python 2 phukusi amasintha kukhala chitsulo2-.

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito Pip pokhapokha. Python Malo Okhazikika Ikuthandizani kuti muyike ma module a Python pamalo akutali kuti mugwire ntchito inayake, m'malo moyika padziko lonse lapansi. Mwanjira imeneyi, sitiyenera kuda nkhawa zakukhudza ntchito zina.

Kuyika Pip ya Python 3

Ngati tikufuna ikani pip ya Python 3 pa Ubuntu 20.04, tizingoyenera kutsatira malamulo awa mu terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T):

sudo apt update && sudo apt install python3-pip

Lamuloli pamwambapa likhazikitsanso zofunikira zonse kuti apange ma module a Python.

Mukamaliza kukonza, tingathe onetsetsani kukhazikitsa ndikuwunika mtundu woyikiratu kuyendetsa lamulo:

pip3 --version

Nambala yamtunduyo imatha kusiyanasiyana, koma idzawoneka pang'ono kapena pang'ono monga mukuwonera pachithunzi pamwambapa.

Kuyika Pip ya Python 2

Pip ya Python 2 siyophatikizidwa m'malo osungira Ubuntu 20.04. Kuyika bomba la Python 2 tidzagwiritsa ntchito script get-pip.py.

Poyamba, ndipo ngati mulibe mphamvu, muyenera thandizani chilengedwe chonse:

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Tsopano tikuti sinthani index ya maphukusi omwe alipo ndikukhazikitsa Python 2:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install python2

Tsopano, pogwiritsa ntchito chida chopiringa, tipita Tsitsani script get-pip.py:

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py --output get-pip.py

Mukamaliza kutsitsa, tidzatero lembani script ndi python2 kukhazikitsa pip:

sudo python2 get-pip.py

Pip idzaikidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Ngati mukufuna kuyiyika kokha kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, yesani lamulo popanda sudo. Script idzakhazikitsanso setuptools ndi wheel.

Tsopano titha onetsetsani kukhazikitsa mwa kusindikiza nambala yamtundu kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo:

pip2 --version

Zina mwazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito Pip

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone malamulo ena othandiza. Ndi chida ichi titha kukhazikitsa mapaketi kuchokera ku PyPI, kuwongolera mitundu, mapulojekiti am'deralo komanso kuchokera pamafayilo ogawa.

Para onani mndandanda wamalamulo onse omwe mungapeze ndikusankha muyenera kulemba:

pip3 --help

Titha pezani zambiri zamtundu winawake kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo pip –thandizo. Mwachitsanzo, kuti mumve zambiri za kukhazikitsa lamulo, lembani:

pip3 install --help

Ikani phukusi ndi Pip

Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi chidwi chokhazikitsa phukusi lotchedwa zopala, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa deta kuchokera kumawebusayiti. Chifukwa ikani mtundu waposachedwa wa phukusi, muyenera kungoyendetsa lamuloli:

pip3 install scrapy

Para ikani mtundu wina wa phukusi, tizingowonjezera == ndi nambala yamtundu pambuyo pa dzina la phukusi:

pip3 install scrapy==1.5

Titha kusintha pip3 ndi pip2 ngati tigwiritsa ntchito Python 2.

Sinthani phukusi

Para sinthani phukusi lomwe lakhazikitsidwa kale kuti likhale mtundu waposachedwa, lamulo logwiritsa ntchito lidzakhala longa ili:

pip3 install --upgrade nombre_paquete

Ikani phukusi pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo yofunikira

Ngati tili ndi fayilo yolemba yomwe ili ndi mndandanda wama phukusi ndi mitundu yawo yofunikira kuyendetsa projekiti ya Python. Titha kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili ku kukhazikitsa mndandanda wa zofunikira mwachindunji file:

pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Mndandanda unayika phukusi

Para lembani maphukusi onse oyikikaMuyenera kukhazikitsa lamulo ili:

pip3 list

Chotsani phukusi

Para yochotsa phukusi, muyenera kungoyendetsa monga:

pip3 uninstall nombre_paquete

Kuti mumve zambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha pitani patsamba la Wogwiritsa ntchito kapena nkhani yokhudza izi izo zinalembedwa kanthawi kapitako pa blog iyi.