Maitiro ekuisa PXE server (network boot)

Muhupenyu hwepakutanga hwe Linux la kuisirwa Izvo zvakaitwa kubva kuma diskettes uye izvo zvaive zvakakwana, ipapo takaenda kumaCD uye gare gare kumaDVD uye midhiya yekunze senge peni dzinotyaira, asi pane nzira inonakidza kwazvo yekuisa huru yemahara inoshanda sisitimu uye iri kuburikidza netiweki, kutora mukana yekumhanya kwakanaka kwazvo kwatinako paavhareji nhasi (zvirinani mumaguta echokwadi).

Asi tisati tatanga isu tinofanirwa kugadzirira zvimwe zvinhu, saka mune ino posvo tichaenda kuratidza maitiro ekuisa iyo PXE server muUbuntu. Kune avo vasinganyatso kuziva izvi, taura kuti chirevo chinoreva sevha ye preboot kuuraya nharaunda -kana muchiSpanish 'pre-kutanga kuuraya nharaunda'- uye izvo zvinotibvumidza ndizvo tanga komputa iri kure kuburikidza ne network network.

Kune izvi, zvatinoita ndezvekuti teedzera iyo yekuisa ISO mufananidzo kune iyo PXE server, asi kuti izvi zvishande tichada kukwirisa server, zvinova ndizvo zvatiri kuzoratidza mune ino dzidziso. Uye isu tichatanga kubva pahwaro hwokuti timu yedu ine yakatarwa IP kero iri 192.168.100.1 uye zita remubati serverpxe.com, asi pamusoro peizvi isu tichada a DHCP server matiri Ubuntu saka tinodzika kuzoshanda.

# apt-get update

# apt-tora kuisa isc-dhcp-server

Ipapo isu tinovhura iyo server faira yekugadzirisa:

nano / etc / default / isc-dhcp-server

Uye isu tinowedzera iyo network interface yemidziyo yedu kuti ive iyo inogamuchira kubatana.

[...]

INTERFACES = »eth0 ″

Iye zvino tinoita zvakafanana neiyo faira yekumisikidza:

# nano / etc / dhcp / dhcpd / conf

[...]

sarudzo domain-zita "serverpxe.com";

sarudzo domain-zita-seva "server1.serverpxe.com";

subnet 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

chiyero 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.30;

sarudzo ma routers 192.168.1.1;

sarudzo nhepfenyuro-kero 192.168.1.255;

}

default-lease-nguva 600;

max-lease-nguva 7200

[...]

chiremera;

[...]

Kana tangopedza, tinofanirwa tangazve iyo DHCP sevhisi:

sevhisi isc-dhcp-server kutangazve

Iye zvino tave kuzoisa iyo PXE server pachayo, uyezve tobva tavhura faira rayo kugadzirisa.

# apt-tora kuisa apache2 tftpd-hpa inetutils-inetd

# nano / etc / default / tftpd-hpa

Isu tinowedzera iyo sarudzo iyo inotibvumidza isu kutanga iyo daemon:

[...]

RUN_DAEMON = »hongu»

Sarudzo = »- l -s / var / lib / tftpboot»

Isu tinochengeta uye kuvhura iyo inetd daemon yekumisikidza faira yekugadzirisa:

# nano /etc/inetd.conf

Tinowedzera zvinotevera:

[...]

tftp dhiramu udp mira mudzi /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /user/sbin/in.tftpd -s / var / lib / fttpboot

Isu tinoponesa, uye zvino yave nguva yekutangazve sevhisi:

sevhisi tftpd-hpa kutangazve

Kupedzisa kumisikidza sevhisi, isu tinofanirwa kuita zvakafanana neiyo PXE server:

# nano /etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf

Tinowedzera zvinotevera, pakupera kwefaira:

[...]

bvumira kubhururuka;

bvumira bootp;

sarudzo sarudzo-128 kodhi 128 = tambo;

sarudzo sarudzo-129 kodhi 129 = zvinyorwa;

inotevera-server 192.168.1.100;

filename "pxelinux.0";

Isu tinoponesa uye tinotangazve sevhisi:

# sevhisi isc-dhcp-server inotangazve

Pane zvishoma zvasara, uye ikozvino tinofanirwa kumisikidza maforodha matiri kuzokwidza maIOs ayo mamwe zvikwata arikuenda.

# kukwira / dev / sr0 / mnt

cp -avr / mnt / gadza / netboot / * / var / lib / tftpboot /

mkdir -p /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10

cp -avr / mnt / * /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10/

Ipapo isu tinogadzirisa iyo pxelinux.cfg / default yekumisikidza faira:

nano /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

Tinowedzera:

[...]
linux label
kernel ubuntu-inosimudza / amd64 / linux
shandisa ks = http: //192.168.1.100/ks.cfg vga = zvakajairika initrd = ubuntu-installer / amd64 / initrd.gz
ramdisk_size = 16432 mudzi = / dev / rd / 0 rw -

Chekupedzisira, isu tinowedzera PXE rutsigiro kune iyo DHCP server:

nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

Tinowedzera:

[...]
bvumira kubhururuka;
bvumira bootp;
sarudzo sarudzo-128 kodhi 128 = tambo;
sarudzo sarudzo-129 kodhi 129 = zvinyorwa;
inotevera-server 192.168.1.100;
filename "pxelinux.0";

Ndizvozvo zvese, ikozvino isu tinongofanirwa kugadzirisa mamwe makomputa kubva kuBIOS yavo kuti vatange kubva kunetiweki, uye kana vachidaro vanozobvunza server yedu yePXE yekugadzirisa uye isu tinogona kutanga nekumisikidza