Maitiro ekutarisa madoko ari kushandiswa muLinux

Kuziva iwo madoko ari kushandiswa pane system ibasa rekutanga kune chero maneja. Kubva pakugadzirisa nzvimbo dzemukati kusvika pakudzivirirwa kwekupinda mukati uye kuburikidza chero matambudziko ekugadzirisa atinogona kufungidzira, isu tinofanirwa kukwanisa kutarisa kana chiteshi chiri kupa rumwe rudzi rwebasa munzvimbo yedu.

Fungidzira mamiriro ezvinhu umo iwe waisa iyo yeCUPS yekudhinda sevhisi mune yako system uye iwe hauzive kana sevhisi yakatangwa nemazvo uye ikasimudza inoenderana chiteshi 631 kana yayo yakasarudzika 515. Mune ino gwara isu tinokuratidza iwe matatu akakosha mirairo yekuona izvo zviteshi zvinoshandiswa nehurongwa uye chii chinzvimbo chayo.

Tevere isu tichaongorora 3 yekutanga mirairo iyo inonyanya kubatsira mukutungamira kwechero hurongwa. Ndezve lsof, netstat uye nmap, zvishandiso zvatinozomhanya kubva kune yekupedzisira console uye ine midzi yeropafadzo.

Lsof raira

Kuraira lsof ndiyo inonyanya kukosha Yekuti vangani vatinokukweretesa uye, uri chizvarwa cheLinux, hwaro hunofanirwa kuziva mushandisi wese. Kuti uzive zviteshi zvakavhurika muchirongwa kuburikidza nemurairo uyu, unofanirwa kuisa nhevedzano seinotevera, iyo ichakuratidza ruzivo rwakasiyana siyana kwatinozosimbisa: zita rekushandisa (semuenzaniso, sshd), iyo soketi yeiyo chirongwa (mune ino IP kero 10.86.128.138 inosanganisirwa nechiteshi 22 icho chiri Kuteerera) uye chinongedzo cheichi chiitiko (icho chingave 85379).

$ sudo lsof -i -P -n
$ sudo lsof -i -P -n | grep LISTEN

Netstat raira

Kuraira netstat inosiyana zvishoma mumutsara wayo neruremekedzo kune yapfuura asi ichipa zvimwe paramita zviri nyore kubata nemusoro Kutenda kune iri nyore mnemonic izwi. Kubvira zvino usakanganwa shoko racho slut, iyo inoreva kune anotevera maitiro:

Nyaya inoenderana:

Resize Ubuntu zvikamu

• p: Inoratidza kubatana kweprotocol yakatarwa inogona kunge iri TCP kana UDP.
• u: Nyora zvese zviteshi zveDP.
• t: Nyora ese TCP zviteshi.
• o: Inoratidza iyo nguva.
• n: Inoratidza iyo port port.
• a: Inoratidza zvese zvinoshanda zvinobatana muhurongwa.

Nekudaro, kuisa iwo wekuraira uye kuusefa ne pipe tinogona kuwana ruzivo nezve imwe chiteshi.

$ netstat -putona | grep numero-de-puerto

Nmap raira

Nmap Icho chinhu chinoshandiswa isu inobvumira kuita yakawanda scans mune yedu system uye imwe yacho, iyo yeakavhurika chiteshi mumidziyo. Kuti tiite izvi tinofanirwa kuzivisa kuteedzana kwerudzi nmap -sX -OY, kutora X kukosha T kana U kweTCP kana UDP kubatana zvichiteerana uye kukosha Y iyo IP kero yemuchina wedu (kana localhost pfupi) Tarisa uone muenzaniso unotevera.

</pre>
$ sudo nmap -sU -O localhost
$ sudo nmap -sT -O 192.168.0.1
<pre>

Neaya matatu ekushandisa iwe unotova nematuru akakwana ekumisikidza akavhurika madoko emuchina wako. Iwe unoshandisa zvishandiso zvakafanana here kana iwe unoziva chero imwe nzira yekutaridza akavhurika madoko eesisitimu?