Umlilo ngamalungu abalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvumela, ukunciphisa, ukubethela okanye ukubethela ukugcwala kwabantu phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo esekwe kwimigangatho kunye nezinye iindlela. bucala ngasekhohlo yenzelwe ukuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga, ngelixa uvumela unxibelelwano olugunyazisiweyo. Umlilo inokuphunyezwa ngehardware okanye isoftware okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini.
Oku kuhlala kusetyenziswa ukuthintela abasebenzisi be-Intanethi abangagunyaziswanga ekubeni bafikelele kuthungelwano lwabucala oluqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi, ngakumbi ii-intranethi. Yonke imiyalezo engenayo okanye eshiya i-intranet idlula kwi-Firewall, evavanya umyalezo ngamnye kwaye ibhloka ezo zingahambelani neendlela ezichaziweyo zokhuseleko.
Uninzi lwezabelo zeLinux azinayo i-firewall iqulunqwe ngokungagqibekanga, njengoko iLinux inokhuseleko oluphezulu kuneWindows kunye neMac, nangona oku kungabonisi ukuba akukho semngciphekweni.
Inyani yile yokuba Ubuntu, kubasebenzisi abaninzi, awunakufuna i-firewall, kodwa kwabo bafuna ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyoBanokufaka kwaye baqwalasele inkqubo ye-firewall.
Kule nto Siza kusebenzisa i-firewall ye-GUFW, ezenza ukuseta ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo ngokulula.
I-GUFW yinkqubo yokuphela kwangaphambili ye-UFW Command Line Firewall kwiLinux. Iyafumaneka kubo bonke abasebenzisi baka-Ubuntu ngokusebenzisa imithombo ephambili yesoftware Ubuntu.
Ukufakwa
Ukufaka isoftware, banokuyenza kwiziko le-Ubuntu Software apho kwiinjini yokukhangela siza kubhala «gufw» kwaye ucofe u-Enter.
Apha Isicelo siza kuvela kwaye siza kubona iqhosha elithi "fakela"Siza kuyicinezela kwaye siya kucelwa iphasiwedi yethu yokwenza ufakelo.
Ngoku, kwabo bakhetha ukusebenzisa i-terminal, banokufaka i-GUFW ngalo myalelo ulandelayo:
sudo apt install gufw -y
Ukucwangciswa kweGUFW ku-Ubuntu
Nge-GUFW efakwe kwinkquboLixesha lokuba i-firewall isebenze, kuba oku kufuneka sivule usetyenziso esinokuyifumana kwimenyu yethu yezicelo. Ngokuvulwa kwe-GUFW, okokuqala Siza kubona ukuba «yenziwe yangasebenzi». Ukutshintsha oku, kukhetho esiza kubona ukuba kukho enye ebizwa ngokuba yi "status" kwaye ineqhosha esiza kucinezela ukutshintshela kwi- "OFF" uye ku- "ON".
Uyenzile le, Sinokusebenzisa nayiphi na inkangeleko yokhuseleko esele imiselwe. Ezi profayili zokhuseleko ziza nemithetho yefilitha ecwangciswe kwangaphambili ekhathalela yonke imigaqo yokhuseleko.
EKHAYA
Iprofayile yokhuseleko emiselweyo esetyenziswa yi-GUFW xa imeko yayo itshintshiwe ukusuka ku- "disabled" to "enabled". Le nkangeleko inemithetho esemgangathweni yezokhuseleko kwaye ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba babe namazibuko amaninzi avulekileyo ukuze basebenzise, oku kuhlala kuyiprofayili elungileyo kwabo bangadingi kukhuseleko lungako.
Ukutshintshela kule nkangeleko, tshintsha nje ukhetho "iProfayili" kwaye ukhethe "IKHAYA".
LOLUNTU
Iprofayili yokhuseleko "yoluntu" yeyona iprofayili yezokhuseleko ingqongqo ekhoyo ngenkqubo ye-GUFW firewall. Iza neempawu zokucoca ngokungqongqo kwaye ngokubanzi lukhetho kwabo basebenzisa Ubuntu kwilaptop kwaye bahlala benxibelelana nothungelwano lukawonkewonke.
Ukutshintshela kule nkangeleko, cofa kwindawo ethi "iProfayili" kwaye ukhethe "uLuntu".
OFISI
Iprofayili yokhuseleko "yeOfisi" yeGUFW iphantse yafana ne «Ikhaya». Oku kulungile ukubeka imigaqo ekhethekileyo kwindawo osebenza kuyo.
Ukutshintshela kule nkangeleko kufuneka bakhethe "iOfisi".
Vumela okanye ukhanye ukugcwala
Olunye ulungelelwaniso lwe-GUFW kukuvumela ukugcwala kwabantu kwi-firewall. siza kubekwa kwindawo ethi "Imigaqo" kwaye siza kuyikhetha.
Uyenzile le nto siza kuyenza cofa kwiqhosha "" " emazantsi ekhohlo kwefestile yesicelo.
Emva koko siya kuthi Cofa kwindawo ethi "Preconfigure" tab kwaye apha siza kukhangela ukhetho "lwezePolitiki" kwaye yintoni Silungiselela kwi «Vumela» okanye kwimeko yokufuna ukukhanyela ukufikelela esikulungiselela ngaphakathi "Yala"
Apha siza kukhangela i "Direction" kwaye siyisete ku "Ku", "ngaphandle" okanye "Zombini", ngokweemfuno zakho.
Emveni kwalonto siya «Isicelo» kwaye siya kuboniswa uluhlu ukusuka kwimenyu ukuvumela isicelo esithile ukuba siqwalaselwe kwi-firewall.
Gqibela Siza kukhetha u "dibanisa" ukongeza umthetho omtsha kwi-GUFW firewall.