I-MTR, isixhobo sohlalutyo lwenethiwekhi ukusuka kwisiphelo sendlela

mtr isiphelo malunga

Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga kwi-MTR. Yi isixhobo sokuhlalutya kwenethiwekhi Kwaye siza kuyisebenzisa kumgca wokuyalela. Yinkqubo elula nephindaphindwayo ukuba Idibanisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-traceroute kunye ne-ping kwisixhobo esinye.

Nje ukuba i-MTR iqhubeke, iya kuphonononga Unxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi phakathi kwenkqubo yendawo kunye nomgcini okude esichazayo. Kuqala useta idilesi ye-hop nganye yenethiwekhi phakathi kwemikhosi. Emva koko ipeyinta umntu ngamnye ukumisela umgangatho wekhonkco kumatshini ngamnye.

Njenge-traceroute, le nkqubo iprinta ulwazi malunga nendlela ethathwe ziipakethi. Ukusuka kumamkeli apho i-MTR ibalekela kumncedisi ojolise kumsebenzisi. Kuya kubakho ukumisela indlela eya kumatshini okude ngelixa uprinta ipesenti yokuphendula, kunye namaxesha okuphendula kuzo zonke iihops zenethiwekhi phakathi kwenkqubo yengingqi kunye nomatshini okude.

Ngexesha lokuqhubeka kwalo msebenzi, I-MTR ivelisa amanani aluncedo kumatshini ngamnye. Ezi zihlaziywa ngexesha lokwenyani, ngokungagqibekanga. Xa usenza le nkqubo, iipakethi ze-ICMP zithunyelwa zilungelelanisa ixesha lokuphila (TTL), ukubona uthotho lwezixhuma ezenziwa yipakethi phakathi kwemvelaphi nendawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Ukonyuka ngequbuliso kwilahleko yepakethi okanye ixesha lokuphendula inokuba luphawu lonxibelelwano olubi, umgcini ogcwele kakhulu, okanye uhlaselo lomntu ophakathi.

Faka iMTR

Siza kufumana esi sixhobo ifakwe ngaphambili kuninzi lonikezelo lweGnu / Linux kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukuba awuyifumani i-MTR efakiweyo, ungayifaka kwi-Ubuntun usebenzisa umphathi wephakheji emiselweyo. Kuya kufuneka sivule kuphela i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) kwaye sibhale kuyo:

sudo apt install mtr

Eminye imizekelo yokusebenzisa iMTR

Umzekelo osisiseko we-mtr

Owona mzekelo ulula esinokuwusebenzisa nge-MTR kukubonelela ngegama lesizinda okanye idilesi ye-IP yomatshini okude njengempikiswano, umzekelo google.com okanye 216.58.223.78. Lo myalelo izakusibonisa ingxelo yetraceroute ihlaziywa ngexesha lokwenyani, de siyivale inkqubo, ngokucinezela q okanye Ctrl + C.

mtr google.com

Jonga iidilesi ze IP zamanani

amanani ip mtr

Siza kuba nakho ukunyanzela i-MTR ukuba ibonise Iidilesi ze-IP endaweni yamagama wokubamba. Ngale nto kuya kufuneka sisebenzise -n njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi:

mtr -n google.com

Jonga amagama ehostele kunye nee-IP zamanani

jonga ukubamba kunye nenombolo ips mtr

Ukuba sinomdla kwi-MTR ebonisa amagama omabini kunye ne-IP, kuyakufuneka sisebenzise kuphela -b:

mtr -b google.com

Nciphisa inani leeping

Inani eliqingqiweyo le mtr

Ukunciphisa inani leeping kwixabiso elithile kwaye uphume kwi-MTR emva kwezo pings, siya kusebenzisa -c. Ukuba sijonga i Snt ikholamu, Nje ukuba inani elichaziweyo leepings lifikelelwe, uhlaziyo oluphilayo luyayeka kwaye inkqubo iphuma Kulo mzekelo, iipoyinti ezi-4 ziya kukhutshwa.

mtr -c 4 google.com

Yenza amanani manethiwekhi

Le nkqubo inokuqwalaselwa kwimowudi yengxelo. Ukwenza oku, siya kusebenzisa -r, lukhetho oluluncedo ekuveliseni manani kumgangatho wenethiwekhi. Singalusebenzisa olu khetho ngokudibeneyo -c Ukuchaza inani leeping. Kuba amanani-manani aprintwe kwimveliso esemgangathweni, siya kuba nakho ukuwathumela kwifayile ukuze siqhubeke nohlalutyo.

mtr -r -c 4 google.com  > mtr-reporte

Hlela iindawo zokukhupha

mtr ukuhlela amasimi

Siza kuba nakho ukuququzelela iinkalo zokuphuma ngendlela enomdla kuthi. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yendlela -o njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi. Inga bona iphepha le-MTR lendoda ngentsingiselo iilebhile zentsimi.

mtr -o "LSDR NBAW JMXI" 216.58.223.78

Ixesha eliphakathi kwezicelo ze-ICMP ECHO

Ixesha elingapheliyo phakathi kwezicelo ze-ICMP ECHO ngumzuzwana omnye. Oku kungatshintshwa ngokuchaza entsha ithuba eliphakathi kwezicelo ukutshintsha ixabiso usebenzisa -i.

mtr -i 2 google.com

Chaza elona nani liphezulu lokutsiba

Siza kuba nakho ukukhankanya elona nani liphezulu lokutsiba. Inkqubo ye- okungagqibekanga ngu-30. Ngale nto siya kuba nakho ukuphanda phakathi kwenkqubo yendawo kunye nomatshini okude. Ukwenza oku sisebenzisa -m silandelwe lixabiso elinomdla kuthi.

mtr -m 35 216.58.223.78

Cwangcisa ubungakanani bepakethi esetyenzisiweyo

Ngokuvavanya umgangatho wenethiwekhi, siya kuba nakho setha ubungakanani bepakethi. Oku kuchaziwe kwii-byte usebenzisa -s. Kulo myalelo ulandelayo kuya kufuneka sinike ixabiso ngokwamanani kwibala lePACKETSIZE:

mtr -r -s PACKETSIZE -c 5 google.com > mtr-reporte

Uncedo lweMTR

Nawuphi na umsebenzisi oyifunayo unokufumana uncedo ngale nkqubo ngokujonga iphepha lomntu. Kuyo siya kufumana ezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa.

man mtr

nceda mtr

Sinokusebenzisa ifayile ye imenyu yoncedo ezinikezelwa yinkqubo kunxibelelwano lwayo ngokucinezela iqhosha H.


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