Njengoko kwaziwa kwihlabathi liphela, umgca womyalelo usinika amandla amakhulu kwiinkqubo zethu zoBuntu. Oku kusinika izixhobo ezininzi okanye ezingakumbi zokwenza nenkqubo yethu yokusebenza kunendawo yemizobo. Kule nqaku siza kubona ezinye zezixhobo. Ziya kuba zezona zibaluleke kakhulu, okanye ubuncinci obunomdla esinokuthi ngazo jonga ulwazi yenkqubo yethu yokusebenza, bulala iinkqubo okanye iinkqubo ezivulekileyo.
Olu luluhlu lwemiyalelo enokongezwa kulowo asebenza naye wasibonisa umhla wakhe apho athe wachaza ukuba iinkqubo kwiGnu / Linux nendlela yokulawula. Ngemiyalelo endiza kuyibonisa apha ngezantsi, siya kuba nakho ukufumana ulwazi olongezelelweyo kwaye sandise ukhetho olusetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi abaninzi. Ayizizo zonke ezikhoyo, ke ukuba umntu uyawazi umthetho onxulumene noko, ungathandabuzi ukuwushiya kumagqabaza.
Ukubulala iinkqubo ukusuka kwisiphelo sendlela:
bulala kwaye ubulale
Ukubulala yenye yezo odolo ekufuneka wonke umntu azi ngazo. Isetyenziselwa iinkqubo zokubulala. Kufuneka isetyenziswe ilandelwe yi-PID eya kuchonga inkqubo kwisiphelo sendlela. Ukuba xa usungula umthetho usilela, sinokongeza umqondiso 9 ukwandisa amathuba okuphumelela.
Kill -9 12838
Ngokuzenzekelayo ukubulala kusetyenziswa umqondiso we-15, obizwa ngokuba yi-SIGTERM. Inkqubo ye- umqondiso 9 ngu-SIGKILL. Lo mqondiso wokugqibela uya kusilela kuphela xa inkqubo isenza isicelo kwikernel. Ukuba imeko enjalo iyenzeka, inkqubo iya kuphela emva kokwenza umnxeba wenkqubo.
Sinokubona uluhlu olupheleleyo lweempawu esinokuzisebenzisa ngalo myalelo ngokubhala ukubulala -l.
Uluhlu lweempawu zomyalelo wokubulala
Ngomyalelo we-killall sinako bulala iinkqubo ngegama. Ukuba iFirefox (umzekelo) yengozi, singasebenzisa lo mzekelo ulandelayo ukuvala usetyenziso.
Killall firefox
xkill
Ngamanye amaxesha asilazi elona gama lesicelo. Kwimeko apho, unokufumana ifayile ye- indlela yemizobo ukubulala iinkqubo. Ukuchwetheza i-xkill kwisiphelo sendlela kuya kuguqula isalathisi sibe ngu-X. Emva koko, ngokunqakraza kwi-window engaphenduliyo, umyalelo uya kuyivala.
pkill
Njengokubulala kunye nemiyalelo yokubulala, i-pkill isetyenziselwa ukuthumela imiqondiso. Umyalelo we-pkill ukuvumela ukuba usebenzise amabinzana aqhelekileyo kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhetha. Khangela ngaphakathi kwemiyalelo esetyenziselwa ukuqala kweenkqubo. Ke awudingi ukwazi elona gama xa ufuna ukubulala iinkqubo.
phezulu
Inkqubo yokubukela iboniswe ngumyalelo we-htop
Le yi-htop, a inkqubo yokubonisanayo for Iinkqubo ze Unix. Sisicelo esikwiimowudi zokubhaliweyo (zekhonsoli) apho sinokubona khona iinkqubo ezivulekileyo, sibulale iinkqubo, jonga umsebenzi weCPU, lawula imemori esetyenzisiweyo, njl.
Fumana ulwazi lwenkqubo:
ps
Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo eziboniswe ngumyalelo we-ps
I-Ps ithetha imeko yenkqubo. Lo myalelo usetyenziselwa ukubonisa ifayile ye Uluhlu lwenkqubo isebenza phantsi komsebenzisi wangoku. Umyalelo uya kusibonisa igama kunye nenombolo yokuchonga inkqubo (PID) enokusetyenziswa kunye neminye imiyalelo.
umphezulu
Iinkqubo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-CPU kuboniswe ngumyalelo ophezulu
Lo ngumyalelo wolwazi. Umyalelo ophezulu ubonisa ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi eyenza uninzi Ukusetyenziswa kweCPU. Isivumela ukuba sihlele uluhlu ngokusetyenziswa kwe-CPU okanye i-RAM, ukuba le nkqubo iqhuba ixesha elingakanani, kunye nezinye izinto. Nje ukuba umyalelo wenziwe, sinokufumana uncedo ngokucinezela iqhosha u 'h'.
vmstat
Endaweni yokubona olu lwazi luhlala njengoko sisenza ngomyalelo ophezulu, singaluthatha IVmstat yenza kanye loo nto. Fumana i ukujonga kwangoko kweenkqubo ngoku isebenza nokuba ingakanani imemori abayisebenzisayo.
khulula
Lo myalelo ujolise kwimemori. Ibonisa i ubungakanani bememori ekhoyo. Iikholamu zibonisa imemori yasimahla kunye nesetyenzisiweyo kunye notshintsho. Unokubona kwakhona i-cache esetyenziswa yi-kernel.
lscpu
Ulwazi olunikezwe ngumyalelo we-lscpu
Lo ngumyalelo ku Nika umxholo kulwazi olufunyenweyo ngale miyalelo ingasentla ngaphandle komxholo ayinantsingiselo. Zingaphi ii-CPU zekhompyuter yakho? Loluphi uhlobo loyilo olusebenzisayo? Sebenzisa i-lscpu ukubona olu lwazi lubekwe ngendlela elula.
Njengoko ufundile kwinqaku, ezi nkqubo kunye nemiyalelo kukulawula okwenzekayo kwikhompyuter yakho usebenzisa i-terminal. Umsebenzi wenkqubo yokusebenza kukunceda ukuba zenziwe izinto, kwaye xa isoftware ikhenkcezayo ayenzi umsebenzi wayo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoku sinokugcina isoftware ebukhali. I-Linux inedumela lokuba yinkqubo yokusebenza ezinzileyo, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba zonke izicelo zomelele.
Ii -apps ezinamagama zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya kuyacetyiswa jika uye "endodeni" ukubona ukuba ngawaphi amathuba anokubonelelwa lilinye. Oku akunakuba zizicelo ezikhethiweyo zabasebenzisi abasandula ukufika bevela kwiWindows, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuya kuhlala kuyimfuneko kungekudala okanye kamva.