Fumana Ubuntu kunye neencasa zayo ezisemthethweni

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zobuntu kunye ne-GNU/Linux ngokubanzi ngokuqinisekileyo luhlobo losasazo esinalo. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwazo lusekwe kwi-distro edumileyo, njengoko kunjalo ngo-Ubuntu kunye nabantu obaqhelileyo. ezisesikweni ezisemthethweni.

Kukho Unikezelo olubanzi olusekwe ku-Ubuntu ezibizwa, njengoko sesitshilo ezisesikweni ezisemthethweni. Ukusuka kwi-distros eneedesktops ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ezinje ngoKubuntu, ukuya kwi-distros ejolise ekutyaleni izixhobo ezimbalwa kunye nokusebenza okulula kwiPC yethu, njengeLubuntu. Kwi Ubunlog Sifuna ukuphonononga zonke iincasa ezisemthethweni ze-Ubuntu kwaye sichaze ukuba singazifumana njani.

Njengoko ubona, iimpawu zencasa nganye ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomatshini kunye nomsebenzisi oya kusebenzisa ukuhanjiswa okuxeliweyo. Kulo lonke uphononongo oluncinci esiza kulwenza kwi-distro nganye, siza kuthetha malunga nokuba singayikhuphela njani kwaye phi imifanekiso ye-ISO nganye.

Ngoko ukuba awuyazi indlela yokutshisa umfanekiso kwisixhobo sokugcina, unokujonga oku kungena Oko sibhale kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo apho besichaze indlela yokwenza kwi-Ubuntu. Saqala.

Okokuqala, kufuneka sithethe kancinci malunga noBuntu. Inyaniso, Ubuntu sisiseko, kodwa ikwanika igama layo kwincasa ephambili, okwangoku enendawo ye-GNOME yemizobo. Inokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni, okanye ngokucofa apha.

Kubuntu

Nangona i-Ubuntu ene-GNOME yenye yezona ziyaziwa kakhulu kwaye zikwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-distros, i-Kubuntu, incasa esebenzisa i-KDE Plasma njengendawo yayo yomzobo, ayikude ngasemva. Olu nikezelo lukwanoyilo oluhle kakhulu kwaye luyakwazi ukwenziwa ngendlela emangalisayo.

Ukuba ufuna ukufaka le flavour esemthethweni kwiPC yakho unokukhuphela umfanekiso wayo we-ISO apha. Okanye ukuba sele unayo Ubuntu efakiweyo, ungafaka uKubuntu ngokusebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo:

sudo apt install kubuntu-desktop

Kwakhona, ukuba ufuna ukususa iiphakheji ze-Ubuntu ezingazukufuneka, unokwenza njalo ngokusebenza:

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-default-settings
sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get autoremove

Lubuntu

Ukuba iPC yakho indala okanye ayinazo izinto ezintle kakhulu, uLubuntu sisisombululo sakho. Le incasa esemthethweni ijolise ekubeni nomsebenzi olula kakhulu kwaye idle izixhobo ezimbalwa kakhulu. Konke kubulela kwizicelo zokukhanya ezisebenzisayo kunye nedesktop yayo ye-LXQt.

Le incasa esemthethweni iyakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle koomatshini abangaphantsi kwe-4GB ye-RAM. Ke ukuba ufuna inkqubo ekhanyayo yePC yakho engenazixhobo ezininzi, okanye ufuna nje ukuzama uyilo oluncinci lwale ncasa yasemthethweni, unokukhuphela uLubuntu. apha.

Ukuba sele unayo nayiphi na incasa ye-Ubuntu esemthethweni, ungafaka iLubuntu ngqo kwi-terminal ngokufaka iphakheji yeLubuntu ehambelanayo. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa lo mthetho ulandelayo:

sudo apt install lubuntu-desktop

Xubuntu

I-Xubuntu yincasa esemthethweni ye-Ubuntu isebenzisa i-Xfce njengendawo engqongileyo yedesktop, ethi, njenge-LXQt, yindawo ekhaphukhaphu kakhulu. I-Xubuntu yi-distro ebukekayo, kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso. Lunikezelo olugqibeleleyo kwabo bafuna ukufumana okuninzi kwiidesktop zabo nge khangela zale mihla kunye neempawu eziyimfuneko ukuze usebenze ngokugqibeleleyo.

Ukufumana iXubuntu, ungayenza ukusuka esi sixhobo, apho unokukhetha ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomatshini ofuna ukukhuphela le ncasa isemthethweni.

Ukuba sele unabo Ubuntu kwiPC yakho, ungafaka iXubuntu ngephakheji ehambelanayo. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo:

sudo apt install xubuntu-desktop

Ubuntu MATE

Enye yeemeko ezihlala inika intetho (ngendlela elungileyo) yi-MATE. Ukuba ukhetha ukusebenzisa i-desktop ye-Ubuntu yoqobo, leyo yayisebenzisa kwiintsuku zayo zokuqala, ke le yincasa yakho esemthethweni. Ukongezelela, iimfuno ze-hardware azifuni kakhulu, kodwa kunokuthobeka, into engafanele isimangalise ukuba sithatha ingqalelo ukuba uyilo lwayo lufana nolo lusetyenziswe ngu-Ubuntu ngo-2004. Nangona kufuneka uthembeke enyanisweni kwaye ungayivumeli apho, kodwa chaza ukuba i-MATE ilandela intsingiselo yedesktop, kodwa iyaqhubeka ukongeza ukhupho olutsha emva kokukhululwa.

Ukuba ufuna ukufaka le flavour esemthethweni, unokuzikhuphela kweyakho iphepha elisemthethweni. Njengesiqhelo, unokuyifaka ku-Ubuntu ukuba sele uyifakile ngokuchwetheza lo myalelo:

sudo apt install ubuntu-mate-desktop

Ubuntu Studio

Ukuba uzinikezela kuyo nayiphi na intsimi enxulumene nokwenziwa kwemultimedia okanye ukuhlela, nokuba kungumculo, umfanekiso, ividiyo, uyilo lwegraphic ... Esi sisongo esisesikweni seBuntu esifanelekileyo kuwe. Le distro ithwala usetyenziso lwasimahla lweemultimedia ezijolise ngqo ekuhleleni nasekwenzeni umxholo wemultimedia. Enye yeenjongo zale flavour kukusondeza umhlaba we-GNU / Linux kufutshane nabo bonke abazinikeleyo kwicandelo le-multimedia. Ikwajolise ekubeni ibe lula ukuyifaka kunye nokuyisebenzisa kangangoko ukuze ifikeleleke nakubani na.

Unokuzikhuphelela umfanekiso we-ISO wale flavour esemthethweni apha, okanye uyifake phezu koBuntu obukhoyo ngale miyalelo:

sudo apt install tasksel
sudo tasksel install ubuntustudio-desktop

Ubuntu Budgie

Ndiyathanda ukuchaza ideskithophu yeBudgie njengohlobo lwe-GNOME kwabo bafuna into esulungekisiweyo ngakumbi. Akunjalo ncam, kodwa yabelana ngezinto ezineyona desktop isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi leLinux, kwaye yonke into ibonakala iyilwe ngcono. Lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwabo bafuna i-GNOME ngaphandle kokuba ibe yi-GNOME, okanye bashiye i-GNOME ngaphandle kokushiya i-GNOME...

Inokukhishwa kwi apha, okanye uyifake phezu koBuntu obukhoyo ngalo myalelo:

sudo apt install ubuntu-budgie-desktop

Ubuntu Ubunye

ICanonical ikhuphe Ubuntu 10.10 kwaye yaziswa kunye noManyano, idesktop entsha ebinenjongo yokuyisebenzisa kuzo zombini iidesktop kunye neenkqubo eziphathwayo. I-Convergence, wayibiza, kodwa kwiminyaka kamva wayishiya ukuba abuyele kwi-GNOME, ngeli xesha kunye nenguqulo 3. Kamva, umphuhlisi osemncinci waphulaphula abasebenzisi abakhetha le desktop kwaye waqala ukusebenza kwi-Ubuntu Unity, de kube ngo-2022 yaba yi-flavour esemthethweni kwakhona.

Ubuntu Unity yincasa elungiselelwe abo bayiphosileyo le desktop, kwaye iqhubekile nokuvela ezandleni zikaRudra Saraswat. inokukhutshelwa kwi esi sixhobo, okanye uyifake kuBuntu obukhoyo ngalo myalelo:

sudo apt install ubuntu-unity-desktop

Ubuntu Kylin

Olu nikezelo, ubuncinci kum, luyinto engaqhelekanga. Kwaye i-Ubuntu Kylin ijolise ekubeni isetyenziswe e-China kuphela kwaye yanelise iimfuno abanokuba nazo abemi beli. Ukuba ufunda kuthi uvela eTshayina kwaye awunakulinda ukufaka le ncasa isemthethweni, ungayikhuphela apha.

Inokufakwa phezulu koBuntu obukhoyo ngalo myalelo:

sudo apt install ubuntukylin-desktop

Umatshini weXesha: Iincasa zobuntu ezingasafumanekiyo

Kanye njengokuba iincasa ezintsha zifika, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuyeka abanye. Umzekelo, kwakungekho sizathu sokunamathela ku-Ubuntu GNOME ukuba inguqulelo ephambili yayiza kusebenzisa idesktop efanayo. Kwezo meko, iCanonical, okanye iprojekthi eqhuba i-distro, inokugqiba isigqibo sokugqiba ngencasa, kwaye ezi zizo eziye zaphela ngokunyamalala kwimbali ye-Ubuntu. Okulandelayo kukuba isicatshulwa esidlulileyo sithini, ukujonga emva kwexesha.

ubuntu

Imfundo yesayensi yeekhompyuter nayo iqala esikolweni. Ke ngoko, kukho incasa esemthethweni ejolise ekubeni isetyenziswe ikakhulu ezikolweni. Esinye sezakhiwo zolu lwabiwo, olusekwe ngokupheleleyo kwingcinga yeSoftware yasimahla, kukuba ulwazi kunye nokufunda kufanele kuhlala kufumaneka kuye wonke umntu ofuna ukukhula njengomntu kunye nokuphucula ilizwe elibangqongileyo.

Ukufaka i-Edubuntu kwii-PC zethu sinokuyenza ngeendlela ezimbini. Ukuba sifuna ukufaka u-Edubuntu kumatshini osele efakelwe Ubuntu, vele ufake enye yezi phakheji nokuba zivela kwi-Synaptic Package Manager okanye ngokuthe ngqo kwi-terminal ngokwenza lo myalelo:

sudo apt-get install nombre_del_paquete

Iphakheji ekufuneka siyifakile ixhomekeke kwikhosi eza kusetyenziswa nguEdubuntu. Uluhlu lwephakheji lulandelayo:

• ubuntu-edu-preschool Isikolo sabantwana abancinci.
• ubuntu-edu-zaseprayimari.
• ubuntu-edu-eziziisekondari.
• ubuntu-edu-ephakamileyo kwiYunivesithi.

Ukuba asinabo Ubuntu obufakiwe kumatshini wethu, sinokukhuphela umfanekiso we-distro kwi apha, Kuxhomekeke kubume bePC yethu.

Ubuntu GNOME

Le distro mhlawumbi yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswayo kwaye zaziwa ngokusemthethweni iincasa zika-Ubuntu. Njengoko igama layo libonisa, le distro isebenzisa i-GNOME njengendawo yedesktop. Ukuba ufuna ukubona ukuba le distro ijongeka njani kwiPC, kwi Ubunlog siyanikezela ukungena kule distro kunye namava am ngayo. Le distro imele ubukhulu bayo bokwenza ulwakhiwo kunye nesitayile sayo esincinci kunye nesinobuhle.

Ukukhuphela umfanekiso sinokukwenza ukusuka iwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni. Ukuba sele unayo nayiphi na incasa ye-Ubuntu efakwe kwi-PC yakho, ungafaka Ubuntu GNOME ngokusebenzisa lo mthetho ulandelayo:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

Ushicilelo lwe-Ubuntu Netbook

Nangona i-Ubuntu pre-10.10 ayizange ibe nzima, iCanonical ikholelwa ukuba iikhomputha ezincinci, i-10 ″, zinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu, ngoko ke yenze inguqulelo ekhethekileyo yolu hlobo lwekhompyuter encinci. Olo guqulelo lusemthethweni okanye incasa yi-Ubuntu Netbook Edition, kwaye ngokusisiseko iyafana neyokuqala, kodwa yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwizikrini ezincinci kunye neekhompyuter ezinehardware encinci. Ulwazi oluninzi kwi esi sixhobo.

Iintsomi

Le incasa esemthethweni ijolise ekusekeni inkqubo esekwe kwiMythTV, irekhodi yevidiyo yedijithali ngokupheleleyo yasimahla phantsi kwelayisensi yeGNU GPL. IMythbuntu yenzelwe ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo nenethiwekhi yeMythTV ekhoyo. Kwakhona, njengoko besixelela kwindawo yabo esemthethweni, uyilo lweMythbuntu luvumela uguqulo olulula ukusuka kwi-desktop ye-Ubuntu ukuya kwiMythbuntu kunye nokunye. Ukuyifakela ungafikelela koku unxibelelwano. Ukuba sele unayo i-Ubuntu efakwe kwi-PC yakho, unokukhangela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Mythbuntu kwi-Ubuntu Software Manager kwaye uqhubeke nofakelo.

Kwaye oku kube luphononongo lwethu, lwangoku kunye nexesha elidlulileyo, kwiincasa ezisemthethweni zika-Ubuntu. Siyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo sibe luncedo kuwe.