Kudala-dala, kwiposti yethu Isebenza njani imvume yefayile kwiLinux (I) Sabona isiqalo sokuqonda indlela yokusebenza kunye neemvume zokufikelela kwinkqubo yethu yokusebenza. Sizamile ukubalula ukuze sikwazi ukufikelela ngokufanelekileyo kwabo basandula ukwenza izixhobo zabo zokuqala kweli qonga, nangona kunjalo, phantse kuzo zonke izihloko, sinethuba lokufikelela kwinqanaba elihambele phambili, kwaye kancinci kancinci siza kuyibona .
Sishiyeke nomyalelo othi "ls -l" usibonisa, emva koko sifumana iinkcukacha zayo yonke inkqubo esekwe kulungelelwaniso ngalunye, izikhombisi kunye neefayile. Kodwa zonke ezi mvume azinakuseta kuphela ngoonobumba r, w no-x ezibonisa ukufunda, ukubhala kunye nokwenza ngokulandelelana, kodwa sinako kwakhona sebenzisa igama lokuchazwa kwamanani lemvume, into esiza kuyibona kule posi kwaye kamva iya kusivumela ukuba sisebenze nomask, ukusebenza okuza kuchaza iimvume ezenziwa kwifayile nganye kulawulo oluthile ku Linux.
Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala, masibone ukuba athetha ntoni la manani ngamanye amaxesha xa sibona ngomyalelo we-chmod, one-syntax efana nale ingezantsi:
chmod [ukhetho] imowudi yefayile.
Ke, ngokuqinisekileyo sikhe sayibona into efana nale: chmod 755 ~ / Downloads / DTStoAC3.
Into eyenziweyo apho kukunikezela ngokufundisisa kunye nokwenza iimvume kubo bonke abasebenzisi abafikelela kwinkqubo (yoluntu) nakwabo bayinxalenye yeqela lomsebenzisi ongumnini wefayile, onemvume yokubhala, kwaye yiyo kuphela umntu onokuguqula umxholo wefayile. Ukukuqonda oku kufuneka sihambe ngamacandelo, kwaye oku sele sibonile kwisithuba esedlule ukuba kufuneka sahlule izikhombisi ezisithoba kumaqela amathathu: umnini, iqela kunye nabanye.
Umnini ngumenzi wefayile okanye umnini weakhawunti yomsebenzisi ezikwifolda yazo, kwaye into yesiqhelo kukuba inokwenza yonke imisebenzi kwezi fayile. Iimvume zeqela zichonga into anokuyenza umsebenzisi, ngubani oyinxalenye yeqela elifanayo nomsebenzisi ongumnini wefayile, kunye neemvume zabanye zibonisa ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzisi ofikelela kwinkqubo yethu angenza okanye akakwazi ukwenza.. Apha kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweefayile kunye nemikhombandlela, ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na into ngokunxulumene nemvume yokuphumeza (imvume yokufunda kunye nokubhala icacile kuzo zombini iimeko) kwaye oko kukuthi xa unayo ifayile inokwenziwa okanye isungulwe. (umzekelo, inkqubo eyinxalenye yenkqubo yokusebenza okanye umdlalo) ngelixa Kwimeko yolawulo, imvume yokuphumeza iya kusivumela ukuba senze uluhlu lwayo (Oko kukuthi, yenza "ls" ukubona okungaphakathi kuyo).
Yintoni egqiba elo nani esikhe silibone ngamanye amaxesha sisambuku semiyalelo yebhanari yeemvume, kwaye kukuba nganye yazo inexabiso elinikezelwe yona ngokobume bayo. A) Ewe, I-rwx, yomnini kunye neqela kunye nabanye, inokubonwa njenge-4, 2, 1, Eli lixabiso elibizwa ngegama ngalinye, kwaye isixa esipheleleyo sinika isi-7 xa uneemvume kwifayile ethile okanye kulawulo, inika isi-6 xa ufundile kwaye ubhala iimvume (kuba u-r ngu-4 kwaye w ngu-2. ), 5 xa ufundile kwaye usenza (kuba u-r ngu-4 kunye no-x ngu-2), 4 xa ufundile kuphela, 2 xa unokubhala kunye no-1 xa usenza kuphela. Sinomzekelo olungileyo wokukuqonda oku kumfanekiso ohamba nesithuba, apho kuboniswe kakuhle indlela yokufika kwinombolo ye-755; Kwisavenge esilandelayo, kwaye sele siyiqondile indlela iimvume ezisebenza ngayo kokubini kwinani kunye negama lokuchazwa kwegama, siza kubona Utshintsha njani iimvume zomsebenzisi kwiLinux.