Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga iindlela ezahlukeneyo abasebenzisi abanokwazi ngazo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-Ubuntu esilufake kwikhompyuter yethu. Abasebenzisi abatshintshele ku-Ubuntu kufuneka bazi ukuba inguqulelo entsha ye-OS ikhutshwa rhoqo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, ngoko ke inguqulelo esiyisebenzisayo inokutshintsha njengoko uhlaziyo lufika. Uninzi lwesoftware efakwe ngaphambili ibandakanyiwe kule nkqubo yokusebenza. Kwakhona kuya kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake iinkqubo zangaphandle, kodwa ukwenza oku, ngamaxesha amaninzi kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba isofthiwe esinomdla ngayo iyahambelana nenkqubo yethu yokusebenza. Sizakufezekisa oku ngokucaca malunga noguqulelo luka-Ubuntu esilufakileyo.
Yazi inguqulelo esiyifake kwikhompyuter yethu ngokunjalo Inokuba luncedo olukhulu kuthi xa kufikelelwa kumbandela wokufumana izicombululo kwiingxaki.Ewe, ukuba sijonga ingxaki enxulumene nenguqulelo yethu, siya kufumana abanye abasebenzisi abaye banengxaki efanayo enxulumene nenguqulo yethu ye-Ubuntu. Ngesi sizathu, kule migca ilandelayo siza kubona iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwazi uguqulelo olusetyenziswa liqela lethu. Siza kubona ukuba sinamathuba ahlukeneyo okwenza oku, onke alula ukuwasebenzisa.
Ubuntu bungasinika ulwazi oluninzi malunga noko sikufakile kwikhompyuter yethu. Phakathi kwezona nkalo zibalulekileyo esinokuzazi, thina siya kufumana inguqulelo ye-distro kunye neKernel esiyifakile. Ngale ndlela sinokuthi siqinisekise ukuba sisebenzisa iinguqulelo ezixhaswayo, kwaye asikho umngcipheko wokusebenzisa isoftware ephelelwe lixesha. Ukongeza kolu lwazi, kuya kusivumela ukuba sazi eminye imiba yenkqubo efana nodidi lwedesktop, uhlobo lwetheminali esiyisebenzisayo, njl. Kufuneka kwakhona kuthiwe uninzi lwezixhobo ezenzelwe ukufumana ulwazi malunga nenkqubo yethu ziya kusinika ulwazi malunga nehardware ekhoyo.
Ukwazi ukuba ujonga njani uguqulelo luka-Ubuntu esisebenza nalo kulula, kodwa kubalulekile. Ukungazi iimpawu zezixhobo esisebenza ngazo kunokuwenza nzima umsebenzi kancinane.. Ukuqinisekisa uguqulelo lwesixokelelwano sethu esisebenzayo, singayenza ngojongano lomzobo okanye ukusuka kwitheminali, kwaye zombini iindlela ziyakhawuleza kwaye zilula.
Ndingalufumana njani uhlobo loBuntu endilufakileyo?
Njengoko besitshilo, ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi inguqulelo ye-Ubuntu esiyifakile kwikhompyuter yethu, abasebenzisi banokuyifumana ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwi-terminal, usebenzisa izixhobo eziza no-Ubuntu kwindawo yayo yegraphic, okanye ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zomntu wesithathu.
Ukusuka kwisiphelo
Singafumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-Ubuntu esilufake kwikhompyuter yethu sisebenzisa i-terminal kunye naluphi na olu khetho lulandelayo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, ngenisa nje umyalelo olula.
lsb_release umyalelo
Ukuqalisa, konke okufuneka ukwenze kukuvula i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T). kanye kuyo kufuneka nje uchwetheze umyalelo:
lsb_release -a
Lo myalelo wethu iya kubonisa inguqulelo yoBuntu efakwe emasimini "inkcazelo"Kwaye"khulula".
Ukuba sifuna ukubona kuphela inguqulelo ka-Ubuntu, singasebenzisa lo myalelo ungentla nge -d ukhetho:
lsb_release -d
Ukuba sinomdla kuphela jonga kuphela ulwazi olunxulumene nenombolo yokukhupha, singasebenzisa i -r ukhetho ngoku Landelayo:
lsb_release -r
hostnamectl Umyalelo
Umyalelo wehostnamectl ubonelela nge-API esetyenziswa ukulawula igama lenginginya yenkqubo ye-Gnu/Linux kunye nokutshintsha izicwangciso zayo eziyeleleneyo. Umyalelo ukwanceda ukutshintsha igama lenginginya ngaphandle kokufumana nokuhlela ifayile / njl / igama lomncedisi kwinkqubo enikiweyo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwayo yonke le nto, nayo Iza kusibonisa uguqulelo lwenkqubo esiyisebenzisayo kwileyibhile "Inkqubo yokwenza".
hostnamectl
Funda imixholo yefayile /etc/lsb-release
Umyalelo wokukhutshwa kwe-lsb sisixhobo esilula ukunceda ukuchonga usasazo lwe-Gnu/Linux oyisebenzisayo. Kwaye njengakumzekelo wangaphambili, kuya kufuneka sivule kuphela i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) kunye sebenzisa umyalelo:
cat /etc/lsb-release
Ngolu khetho, i-terminal izakubonisa uguqulelo lukaBuntu kwi "DISTRIB_KHULULEKA"Kwaye"DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION".
Ukuze inkqubo isibonise ulwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nenkqubo, sinokusebenzisa umyalelo:
cat /etc/*release
Lo myalelo uya kusinika inguqulelo ka-Ubuntu esiyisebenzisayo kwimimandla eboniswe kwiskrini sangaphambili.
Funda ifayile yokukhupha
Abantu abaninzi bafuna inkqubo yabo ibonise ulwazi oluthile kumyalezo wegalelo. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa ifayile /etc/issue. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa igama lenkqubo okanye ukuhanjiswa, kunye noguqulelo lwayo. Umxholo wale fayile, kwimeko yam ngulo:
cat /etc/issue
Funda ifayile yokukhutshwa kwe-os
Ukongeza kuyo yonke into ebonwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sinokufunda umxholo wefayile ye-os-release. bucala ngasekhohlo iqulethe idatha yokuchonga yenkqubo yokusebenza, ngoko ke siya kufumana inguqulelo ka-Ubuntu esiyisebenzisayo, ukongeza kolunye ulwazi.
cat /etc/os-release
Ukusuka kwimo engqongileyo yegraphic
Zonke ii-distros ezinojongano lwegraphical ziya kuba nephaneli enolwazi malunga nokuhanjiswa kwindawo enye okanye kwenye. Kwimeko ka-Ubuntu, Le ndawo yolawulo inokufumaneka ngaphakathi kwendawo yolawulo ye Ukuseta kwenkqubo.
Nje ukuba uvule, uya kubona ukhophe"Malunga” emazantsi kwimenyu esekhohlo. Ukuba ucofa kuyo, iwindow enolwazi malunga nesistim iya kuvela. Apho siya kuba nakho ukubona ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nePC yethu (hardware, inkumbulo, iprosesa, imizobo, njl.), kunye nenguqulelo ye-Ubuntu esetyenzisiweyo, inguqulelo yedesktop, njl.
Iinkqubo zokufumana ulwazi malunga nokuhanjiswa
Ukongeza kuyo yonke le miyalelo ingentla, abasebenzisi banokusebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo, eziza kusivumela ukuba sifumane ulwazi oluninzi malunga nenkqubo yethu ye-Ubuntu.
Neofetch
Le yenye yeenkqubo ezithandwayo ngabasebenzisi. Xa uyiqhuba, isibonisa kwiscreen isishwankathelo nayo yonke into enxulumene nesoftware yenkqubo yethu, ukusuka kuguqulelo lwe-distro, iKernel, idesktop, umxholo kunye nee-icon... yonke into esinokuyifuna. Siza kubona kwakhona isishwankathelo se-hardware yePC yethu.
Kuba inkqubo ayifakwanga ngokungagqibekanga, kuya kufuneka instalar Neofetch ukukwazi ukuyisebenzisa. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuchwetheza kwi-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):
sudo apt install neofetch
Nje ukuba ifakwe, akukho nto ngaphandle baleka:
neofetch
Khupha ngaphandle
ukuba susa le nkqubo, chwetheza nje kwi-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):
sudo apt remove neofetch; sudo apt autoremove
archy4
Le yenye inkqubo efana ncam nale yangaphambili. Iya kusinika idatha efanayo, kodwa ngokungaqhelekanga inokufunda iisenso zePC yethu, ngoko kuya kusivumela ukuba sifumane ubushushu bePC.
Le nkqubo ayikho kwiindawo zokugcina, ngoko kuyakufuneka ukuba uyikhuphele ngesandla kweyakho ikhupha iphepha kwiGitHub. Sinokusebenzisa kwakhona wget kwi-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) ukukhuphela uguqulelo lwamva nje lwenkqubo ekhutshwe namhlanje.
wget https://github.com/HorlogeSkynet/archey4/releases/download/v4.13.3/archey4_4.13.3-1_all.deb
Emva kokukhuphela, akukho nto ngaphandle faka iphakheji ngomyalelo:
sudo apt install ./archey4_4.13.3-1_all.deb
Xa ukufakela kugqityiwe, kukho kuphela qala inkqubo Ukuchwetheza kwisiphelo esinye:
archey4
Khupha ngaphandle
Ukususa le software kwikhompyuter yethuKwisiphelo sendlela (Ctrl + Alt + T) kufuneka wenze:
sudo apt remove archey4; sudo apt autoremove
Isikrini
Le nkqubo iyafana neNeofetch. Injongo iyafana, kwaye inkcazelo eyibuyisela kuthi ifana nqwa naleyo inikelwa yenye inkqubo. Nangona umahluko ophambili wongeza Isikrini yindlela abasebenzisa ngayo i-ASCII ukubonisa uhlobo lwe-Gnu/Linux distro esiyifakileyo.
Simele faka le nkqubo ukwenza kwi-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) umyalelo:
sudo apt install screenfetch
Emva kofakelo, sinako uyiqale ngomyalelo:
screenfetch
Khupha ngaphandle
Cima le nkqubo Ilula njengakwimeko zangaphambili. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuvula i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) kwaye uphumeze kuyo:
sudo apt remove screenfetch; sudo apt autoremove
inxi
Ukuba sifuna ulwazi oluneenkcukacha, kuquka noguqulelo luka-Ubuntu esilusebenzisayo, singafaka inxi. Kuya kufuneka kuphela ukuvula i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) kwaye wenze umyalelo:
sudo apt install inxi
Emva kofakelo, ukubona ingxelo eneenkcukacha yamacandelo izixhobo zethu, ngokulula bhala kwi-terminal efanayo:
inxi -F
Khupha ngaphandle
Ngoku ukuba siyafuna susa inkqubo kwinkqubo yethu, kwi-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) kuyimfuneko kuphela ukubhala:
sudo apt remove inxi; sudo apt autoremove
I-Hardinfo
Kwimeko yokufuna sebenzisa inkqubo enojongano lomzobo, sinokusebenzisa isixhobo esinje ulwazi olunzima, esimahla kunye nomthombo ovulekileyo. Iya kusivumela ukuba sifumane ingxelo epheleleyo kwaye kulula ukuyitolika yeempawu zePC yethu.
Le nkqubo nayo kufuneka ifakwe, ke omawukwenze kukuvula i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) kwaye usebenzise umyalelo:
sudo apt install hardinfo
Ukuqala le nkqubo, nje khangela kwaye ukhethe umqalisi esiya kuthi siyifumane sifumaneka kwinkqubo yethu.
Khupha ngaphandle
Ukuba uyafuna susa le nkqubo, kufuneka uvule i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) kwaye uphumeze:
sudo apt remove hardinfo
Ezi zezinye zezinto ezinokwenzeka ukuba abasebenzisi bafumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-Ubuntu esilusebenzisayo. Ukufumana ulwazi malunga neenguqulelo ezipapashiweyo, abasebenzisi banakho ndwendwela ubuntu ukhupha iphepha.