Umhla, ezinye iikhonsepthi kunye nokukhetha ukusebenzisa lo myalelo ku-Ubuntu

Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga ezinye iikhonsepthi kunye nokukhethwa komhla wokuyalela. Xa abasebenzisi basebenzisa usasazo lweGnu / Linux, sinemiyalelo emininzi esesiyisebenzisa. Ngabo siya kuba nakho ukufumana ulwazi malunga neenkonzo, iinkqubo, izinto zenkqubo kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Yonke le miyalelo ijolise ekwenzeni ulawulo olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso yolawulo.

Omnye wale miyalelo ikhoyo ngumhla. Oku kusetyenziselwa fumana umhla kunye nexesha lenkqubo yangoku okanye nokuseta umhla wenkqubo. Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuxhaphakileyo phrinta umhla kunye nexesha kwiifomathi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubala imihla yexesha elizayo kunye nexesha elidlulileyo. Kule migca ilandelayo siza kubona ezinye iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko kunye nokukhetha ekusebenziseni lo myalelo.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Cacisa i-cache ye-DNS ngokulula kwi-Ubuntu

Sebenzisa umhla wokuyalela ku-Ubuntu

Ukuqala, kufuneka kuthiwe syntax yomyalelo womhla Inje ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

date [OPCIÓN] ... [+FORMATO]

Ukuba sifuna jonga ixesha langoku lomhla kunye nomhla usebenzisa ifomathi emiselweyo, kwisiphelo sendlela (Ctrl + Alt + T) kufuneka uchwetheze:

date

Iziphumo ziya kubandakanya; Umhla weveki, inyanga, usuku lwenyanga, ixesha, indawo yexesha, kunye nonyaka.

Izinketho zefomathi zomyalelo womhla

Iziphumo zomyalelo womhla siya kuba nakho fomati ngokulandelelana koonobumba ukulawula ifomathi eyandulelwe luphawu +. Ukulawulwa kwefomathi kuqala ngophawu lwe-% kwaye kufakwe amaxabiso ahambelana noko kwimveliso:

date +"Año: %Y, Mes: %m, Día: %d"

Umlinganiswa I-% Y iya kutshintshwa ibe ngunyaka, % m kunye nenyanga kunye ne-% d ngomhla wenyanga. Omnye umzekelo wolawulo lwefomathi unokuba zezi zilandelayo:

date "+FECHA: %D%nHORA: %T"

Emva koko siza kubona encinci uluhlu lwabanye oonobumba abaqhelekileyo bokufomatha:

• % a → Igama elifinyeziweyo lomhla.
• % A → Igama elipheleleyo losuku.
• % b → Isifinyezi inyanga.
• % B → Igama lenyanga epheleleyo.
• % d → Usuku lwenyanga.
• % H → Ixesha. Ukususela ngo-00 ukuya ku-23.
• % Mna → Ixesha. Ukususela ngo-01 ukuya ku-12.
• % j → Usuku lwamanani enyakeni.
• % m → Inombolo yenyanga.
• % M → Imizuzu.
• I-% S → Imizuzwana.
• % u → Inani lomhla weveki.
• % Y → Unyaka opheleleyo.

ukuba fumana uluhlu olupheleleyo lwazo zonke iindlela zokufomathaKwisiphelo esingasisebenzisa:

date --help

Singaya nakwiphepha lomntu elihambelanayo:

man date

Umtya womhla

Ukhetho -d luya kusivumela ukuba sisebenzise umhla othile. Siza kuba nakho ukuwuchaza umhla njengomtya onokufundwa ngumntu:

date -d "19:47:47 2019-02-09"

Sinokusebenzisa i ifomathi yesiko:

date -d '02 Feb 1982' +'%A, %d %B %Y'

Umtya unokuwamkela amaxabiso anje; "ngomso "," ngolwesiHlanu "," ngolwesihlanu wokugqibela "" ngolwesiHlanu "," kwinyanga ezayo "," kwiveki ezayo "..njl.

date -d "next month"

Olunye ukhetho olukhoyo luya kuba Wazi owona mhla kanye womhla othile ngalo mgca ulandelayo:

date -d "2019-06-28" +"%A"

Bhala ngaphezulu indawo yangoku

Ukungagqibeki, Umhla womyalelo usebenzisa indawo yexesha echazwe kulawulo / njl / ixesha lendawo. Umahluko wemeko-bume TZ (Ixesha lendawo) inokusetyenziselwa ukugqitha le ndlela yokuziphatha. Ukusebenzisa indawo yexesha eyahlukileyo, imeko-bume ye-TZ enokusetyenzwa inokuseta kwindawo yexesha elifunayo.

Umzekelo, ukubonisa ixesha laseKabul, eAsia, siya kuchwetheza kwisiphelo sendlela (Ctrl + Alt + T):

TZ='Asia/Kabul' date

Ukudwelisa yonke imimandla yexesha ekhoyo Singadwelisa iifayile kwi / usr / share / zoneinfo lawulo okanye sisebenzise i-timedatectl list-timezones.

Uguqula njani i-Epoch ibe ngumhla weLinux

Umhla wokuyalela unokusetyenziswa njengesiguquli. Ixesha o Iimpawu zexesha ze Unix, linani lemizuzwana edlulileyo ukusukela nge-1 Januwari 1970 ngo-00: 00:00 e-UTC.

ukuba phrinta inani lemizuzwana ukusuka kwelo xesha ukuya kumhla wangokuInto ekufuneka uyenzile kukusebenzisa ulawulo lwefomathi ye-% s:

date +%s

Nathi sinako ukwenjenjalo fumana imizuzwana kude kube ngumhla othile:

date -d "2019-06-05" +"%s"

ukuba Guqula imizuzwana ibe ngumhla wangokuKuya kufuneka usete imizuzwana njengomtya womhla:

date -d @1559604647

Bonisa ixesha lolungiso lokugqibela lwefayile enomhla

Ukuba sisebenzisa Umhla wokuyalela -r ukhetho sinokulufumana ixesha lokulungiswa kokugqibela kwefayile. Umzekelo:

date -r /etc/hosts

Ukuba ufuna ukuguqula isitampu setayile, ungasebenzisa ifayile ye myalelo ukuchukumisa.

Cwangcisa umhla nexesha

Ukuba ufuna ukuseta iwotshi yenkqubo ngesandla, ungasebenzisa ukhetho "Cwangcisa =”. Umzekelo, ukuba sifuna ukuseta umhla kunye ne-2: 30 pm ngoJulayi 1, 2019, singachwetheza:

date --set="20190701 14:30"

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ayikhuthazwa ukuseta umhla kunye nexesha lesixokelelwano ngomyalelo womhla. Kuninzi lwabiwo, iwotshi yenkqubo ihambelana nenkonzo ntp okanye systemd-timesyncd.