Uyifaka njani i-KVM kwi-Ubuntu

Izisombululo umbono ziyaqhubeka zisetyenziswa, kwaye izibonelelo zayo azinakuphendulwa kuba zisivumela ukuba sibe namaqonga ohlukeneyo, nokuba kukuphuhlisa, ukuvavanya, iiseva okanye umsebenzi esiza kuwufuna, ngaphandle kokuwela kwiindleko zokuwufumana. izixhobo zekhompyutha ezintsha zayo. Kwaye phakathi kwezinye iindlela ezaziwa kakhulu esinazo VMware, Virtualbox okanye iHyper-V, kodwa kukho enye eyindalo eyi GNU / Linux kwaye ibizwa KVM.

Igama layo livela koonobumba bokuqala bamagama Umatshini oBonakalayo weKernel (umatshini wenyani we-kernel) kwaye usivumela ukuba sisebenzise iqonga leLinux kunye neWindows kumatshini weLinux. Isisombululo esinamandla kakhulu kodwa ngaphezulu kwako konke ukuguquguquka kakhulu, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba kunjalo idityaniswe kwikernel kodwa nangenxa yokuba singayisebenzisa ukusuka kwilayini yomyalelo okanye kwi-graphical interface (i-Virt-Manager) ukuba sikhetha oko.

Ewe, Ukuze ufake i-KVM siya kufuna i-hardware yethu ukubonelela ngenkxaso yokubona, into eliqela ngokubanzi eliza kusinika yona kodwa ayikaze ibuhlungu ukuyazi ngokuqinisekileyo. Ke sivula i-terminal yefestile (Ctrl + Alt + T) kwaye sibaleke:

egrep -c '(svm | vmx)' / proc / cpuinfo

Ukuba isiphumo si-0 oku kuthetha ukuba izixhobo zethu aziboneleli ngenkxaso, zombini ze-Intel VT-x kunye ne-AMD-V, kodwa ukuba ngokuchaseneyo sifumana u-1 okanye u-2 oku kuthetha ukuba sinikwe amandla okuba faka i-KVM kwikhompyuter yethu, ke siyayilungiselela kodwa ingqalelo, sisenokuyidinga Nika amandla ubuchule obuvela kwi-BIOS, Ke ukuba kukho into esilelayo ngaphandle kokufumana ukuqhubela phambili ngalo myalelo, sele sazi apho kufuneka siye khona.

Sifaka iipakeji eziyimfuneko:

Sudo apt-fumana ukufaka qemu-kvm libvirt-bin ibhulorho-izixhobo zomphathi we-virt

Emva koko siyafuna yongeza umsebenzisi wethu kwiqela le-libvirtd, kuba kuphela ngabasebenzisi beli qela okanye kwiingcambu abanako ukusebenzisa i-KVM. Umzekelo, ukongeza i-guille yomsebenzisi kwi-libvirtd esiyenzayo:

Isongezo sesudo guille libvitd

Nje ukuba kwenziwe oko kufuneka siyivale iseshoni kwaye siyiqale kwakhona, kwaye into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile xa sisenza lo mthetho ulandelayo, oya kuthi usibonise uluhlu loomatshini ababonakalayo. Yeyiphi ngokuqinisekileyo ekufuneka ingenanto:

virsh -c qemu: /// uluhlu lwenkqubo

Kulungile, sikulungele ukuqala yenza umatshini obonakalayo kwi-KVM, kwaye eyona nto ilula kukusebenzisa Umphathi woMatshini oBonakalayo, isixhobo sokuzoba esifake amanyathelo ambalwa ukubuyela umva. Sinqakraza kwi-icon yokuqala ngasekhohlo (kwimenyu ephezulu yemenyu) leyo esivumela ukuba senze oomatshini ababonakalayo, kwaye sibonisa igama eliza kuba nalo umatshini wethu obonakalayo, obonisa indlela engezantsi esiya ngayo yisebenzise: ngomfanekiso we-ISO okanye we-CDROM, ufakelo lwenethiwekhi (i-HTTP, i-FTP, i-NFS), i-Network boot (PXE) okanye ngokungenisa umfanekiso okhoyo.

Siyacofa 'Okulandelayo' Kwaye ngoku siyacelwa ukuba singene indlela eya kumfanekiso we-ISO (okanye kwidilesi yenethiwekhi, okanye kumfanekiso wokungenisa elizweni, konke kuxhomekeke kwinto esiyikhethileyo kwinyathelo elidlulileyo), kwaye sakuba sikwenzile sikhetha uhlobo lwenkqubo yokusebenza kunye nohlobo oluhambelana nayo. Emva koko cofa apha 'Okulandelayo' Kwaye ngoku into esiza kuyibonisa iya kuba sisixa sememori kunye ne-CPU eya kuthi ibe nayo umatshini wethu obonakalayo, uhlala ucinga ukuba ngendlela ethile iya 'kukhutshwa' kwikhompyuter yethu, ngenxa yoko kusoloko kucetyiswa idlule kuma-50 ngekhulu lezinto esinazo.

Emva konqakrazo ngokulandelayo siya kusiwa kwinqanaba ekufuneka silenzile qwalasela inethiwekhi, kwaye apha ngokungagqibekanga ukucwangciswa kwe-NAT kuhlala kusetyenziselwa ukusivumela ukuba 'siphume' kwinethiwekhi kodwa oko akusayi kusibonisa ikhompyuter yeendwendwe njengenye enye kuthungelwano lwasekhaya. Ewe singayiguqula le nto ukuba sineemfuno ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, ukuba sisebenzisa iiseva ezibonakalayo). Xa yonke into ilungile siyacofa 'Gqiba' kwaye singaqala faka inkqubo yokusebenza njengoko besinokwenza kwiqela eliqhelekileyo.

Siza kuba nakho ukuvavanya oomatshini abohlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza, kwaye apha kwakhona sithetha into enye amaxesha amaninzi: kwinkululeko yokuzikhethela sinamandla e-Linux. Kukho abo baya kukhetha i-Virtualbox, i-QEMU okanye i-VMware, kwaye inyani kukuba ukusebenza okuxhasa enye okanye enye kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi ukuze eyona nto sinokuyenza kukuvavanya.