Elinye lamacandelo abangela obona bunzima kubasebenzisi abatsha beLinux ngokubanzi kunye no-Ubuntu ngokukodwa, yile ukwamkelwa kwezixhobo kwinkqubo xa zingakhange zibonwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Njengoko sele uyazi, ukufunyanwa kwesixhobo sekhompyutha, ngokuchaseneyo nokwenzeka kwiinkqubo zeWindows, kwenziwa ngekernel ngexesha lokuqalisa kwenkqubo, kwaye kukwakhona ukubanakho kokuqonda ezinye izixhobo ezishushu -nxibelelene.
Esi sikhokelo sincinci sizama ukukukhanyisela kancinci kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo yokuqonda izixhobo kwi-Ubuntu, apho Siza kuthetha ngezona zinto ziqhelekileyo: I-CPU, inkumbulo kunye nokugcinwa phakathi kwezinye.
Ngamaxesha amaninzi ingxaki Ayilali kwindlela yokujonga ukuba ayisiyiyo le, kuba abaqhubi bezinto zekhompyuter kwiinkqubo ze Unix ziyahluka kancinci kwindlela eyenziwa ngayo kwiindawo zeWindows (iWindows kernel ixhomekeke ikakhulu kwi abaqhubi ukuxhasa izinto ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo, ngelixa ukwiLinux Yikernel exhasa uninzi lwezixhobo).
Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukufikelela kuzo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo kunye nezixhobo zekhompyuter ezinokubakho kwikhompyuter (kuba inokuba ngumsebenzi omkhulu lowo), sifuna ukuqokelela ezo main ukuba nayiphi na ikhompyuter inokuba nayo kwaye ayifumaneki ngokuzenzekelayo yinkqubo. La manyathelo anokuthathwa njengabalulekileyo kwiimeko ezininzi ukuze kamva ufumane abaqhubi abafanelekileyo kwaye ubangeze kwinkqubo.
Uluhlu ngokubanzi lwezixhobo zekhompyutha
Ngokubanzi, sisebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo sinako Fumana isishwankathelo sazo zonke izixhobo ezifunyenweyo kwiqela lethu.
$ sudo lshw
Njengoko uza kubona uluhlu olo ivelise ibanzi kakhulu kwaye ineenkcukacha, ke kulula ukuyilahla kwifayile okanye ukwenza umsebenzi ongaphezulu ukuze uyifunde ngokuzolileyo.
Ukwamkela iprosesa
Iprosesa yenye yezona zinto zisisiseko zekhompyuter, kunye nememori kunye negalelo kunye nezixhobo zokuphuma. Ifayile yenkqubo kunye nomyalelo olula unakho ncedisa ekuboneni ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweprosesa eyaziwayo kwimeko yethu. Eli candelo lixhaswa ngaphakathi kwekernel, ke ukuba kukho ingxaki kuba zonke izakhono zeprosesa yethu azibonwa, siya kufuna i-kernel (okanye usasazo) olulixhasayo.
Ifayile ebekwe ngaphakathi / proc / cpuinfo Iya kusinika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nokwamkelwa kweCPU yethu:
Kwaye ngomyalelo lscpu, engadingi kuguquka kwakhona, sinokufumana idatha kwi-CPU ngendlela enobuhlobo:
Ukuqonda imemori
Inkumbulo yenye yezinto eziyimfuneko kwinkqubo. Ulawulo olululo lwayo, kunye nenketho yokusebenzisa onke amandla alo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokusebenza ngokukuko. Ukufumana idatha yezobuchwephesha efanayo Kuya kufuneka sibhenele kumyalelo ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zekhompyutha esikubonisileyo ekuqaleni, khumbula, lshw.
Kukho nolunye uthotho lwemiyalelo esivumela ukuba sifumane ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nenani lememori kunye ne-dentin yayo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokusebenza, enokusinika ulwazi olwaneleyo lokufumanisa ukuba ngaba iimodyuli ezifakwe kwizixhobo zifunyenwe ngokuchanekileyo okanye hayi. iinkcukacha zendlela eyamkelwa ngayo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza. Njengomzekelo, imiyalelo ephezulu (ukumisela inani elipheleleyo kunye nokutshintshiweyo), vmstat -SM -a (ngeenkcukacha
Ukuqaphela ukuqhuba kanzima
Lo myalelo ulandelayo waziwa kakuhle kubo bonke, fdisk, thina Dwelisa izixhobo zokugcina ezifunyenwe kwikhompyuter yethu.
$ sudo fdisk -l
Kodwa kuthekani ukuba siplaga kwi-SATA entsha okanye kwi-SCSI drive kwaye inkqubo ayiyiboni? Le yinto Kuqhelekile ukuba usebenzisa iplagi eshushu yokuqhuba kwe-SATA (qinisekisa ukuba ukhetho lwe ukutshintshisa okushushu kwi-BIOS yekhompyuter okanye, kungenjalo, iya kusebenza njenge-IDE yediski eqhelekileyo kwaye kuya kufuneka uyiqale kwakhona ikhompyuter ukuze ibhaqwe yinkqubo) okanye oomatshini ababonakalayo, apho kunokwenzeka ukongeza iidiski zohlobo lweSCSI ezingaziwayo ngokuzenzekelayo yikhompyuter
Ukuba le yimeko yakho, kuya kufuneka unyanzele ukuhlangulwa komlawuli. Ukwenza oku, faka lo myalelo ulandelayo:
$ grep mpt /sys/class/scsi_host/host?/proc_name
Lo myalelo uza kubuyisa umgca wolu hlobo: / sys / iklasi / scsi_host /umphathiX/ proc_name: mptspi (phi umphathiX yintsimi enomdla kuthi). Okulandelayo, faka lo myalelo ulandelayo ukunyanzela i-rescan:
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/hostX/scan
Ukwamkela ikhadi lemizobo
Ukuba uyakhumbula ukuba sitshilo ekuqaleni kwenqaku ukuba i-kernel yeLinux inike ukuphathwa kwezixhobo ezithile kubaqhubi abafakwe kwikhompyuter, imeko yamakhadi emizobo yenye yezi zixhobo ukuphathwa kwazo kulilifa. Kungenxa yoko lo myalelo oza kusinceda kule meko uku:
lspci | grep VGA
Kwaye iya kusinika Ulwazi lomlawuli olusetyenziswa yinkqubo kwiqela.
Ngolu lwazi ngumbuzo wokuqinisekisa ukuba sisebenzisa umqhubi ochanekileyo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yethu okanye ngaba kufuneka sisebenzise enye ethe ngqo okanye eguqukileyo.
Ukuqaphela izixhobo ze-USB
Kule meko sinayo umyalelo othile kwezi ntlobo zezixhobo:
lsusb
Iziphumo zakho ziya kusinika ulwazi malunga nezixhobo ze-USB ezixhunyiwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukuqalisa kwakhona izixhobo ze-USB, sinokucwangcisa i-cronjob ngalo myalelo ulandelayo ukuze uhlaziye imeko yezixhobo umzuzu ngamnye:
* * * * * lsusb -v 2>&1 1>/dev/null
Siyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo sincinci siya kusetyenziswa kuwe uninzi lwezixhobo zenkqubo yakho. Ngokuqinisekileyo mininzi imiyalelo kwi-linux kunye nokusetyenziswa ukukhuphela olunye ulwazi.
Ngaba ufumene nawuphi na omnye umyalelo oluncedo emsebenzini wakho nenkqubo Ubuntu yokufumana izixhobo?
Inqaku elisemagqabini lindincede ndazibhala phantsi kwaye ndazifaka kwizinto ezithile ebendikhe ndazenza ngaphambili.
Siyabonga,
UHugo Gonzalez
IiCc's. Venezuwela
Enkosi, ubuncinci kum eli nqaku lindikhonze kakhulu, ndiyabulisa
kunye namakhadi enethiwekhi
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Ndingayibona njani ibluetooth yekhompyuter engayazanga ngokuzenzekelayo xa ndifaka ubuntu 18.0 kuyo? Umzekelo weLaptop: UDell Vostro 1400
mbuliso
Umhlobo ogqwesileyo, enkosi kakhulu, yimiyalelo echanekileyo, ndifumene ulwazi ebendingazi ukuba ndingalufumana njani.