Ungayifaka kanjani i-KVM ku-Ubuntu

Izixazululo i-virtualization zisetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi izinzuzo zayo azisaziwa ngoba zisivumela ukuthi sibe nezinkundla ezahlukahlukene esinazo, kungaba ezentuthuko, ukuhlola, amaseva noma umsebenzi esizowudinga, ngaphandle kokuwela ezindlekweni zokuwuthola i-hardware entsha yayo. Futhi phakathi kwezinye izindlela ezaziwa kakhulu esinazo VMware, I-Virtualbox noma i-Hyper-V, kepha kukhona eyodwa edabuka ku I-GNU / Linux futhi ibizwa I-KVM.

Igama layo livela kuma-initials we Umshini we-Kernel Virtual (umshini we-kernel virtual) futhi usivumela ukuthi sisebenzise amapulatifomu e-Linux ne-Windows emshinini we-Linux. Yisixazululo esinamandla kakhulu kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke kuguquguquka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi kunjalo ihlanganiswe ne-kernel kepha futhi ngoba singayisebenzisa kusuka kulayini womyalo noma kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokuqhafaza (i-Virt-Manager) uma sikhetha.

Yebo, Ukuze ufake i-KVM sizodinga i-hardware yethu ukuthi inikeze ukusekelwa kokubona okuhle, into ngokuvamile noma yiliphi iqembu elisha elizosinikeza yona kodwa akukaze kubuhlungu ukwazi ngokuqinisekile. Ngakho-ke sivula iwindi lokugcina (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese siqhuba:

egrep -c '(svm | vmx)' / proc / cpuinfo

Uma umphumela ungu-0 lokhu kusho ukuthi i-hardware yethu ayinikeli ukusekelwa kokubona, zombili i-Intel VT-x ne-AMD-V, kepha uma kunalokho sithola u-1 noma u-2 lokhu kusho ukuthi sinikwe amandla faka i-KVM kukhompyutha yethu, ngakho-ke siyayilungiselela kepha ukunakwa, singakudinga nika amandla i-virtualization kusuka ku-BIOS, ngakho-ke uma okuthile kwehluleka yize usuthole ukuqhubekela phambili ngalo myalo, sesivele sazi ukuthi kufanele sibheke kuphi.

Sifaka amaphakheji adingekayo:

Sudo apt-get ukufaka qemu-kvm libvirt-bin bridge-utils virt-manager

Ngemuva kwalokho siyadinga engeza umsebenzisi wethu eqenjini le-libvirtd, ngoba abasebenzisi abakuleli qembu noma izimpande kuphela abanikwe amandla okusebenzisa i-KVM. Isibonelo, ukufaka i-guille yomsebenzisi ku-libvirtd esiyenzayo:

I-sudo adduser guille libvitd

Uma lokho sekwenzile kufanele sivale iseshini bese siyiqala futhi, futhi into yokuqala okufanele siyenze lapho senza lokho ukwenza umyalo olandelayo, ozosikhombisa uhlu lwemishini ebonakalayo. Yikuphi okufanele kungabi nalutho:

virsh -c qemu: /// uhlu lohlelo

Kulungile, silungele ukuqala dala umshini obonakalayo ku-KVM, futhi into elula ukusebenzisa Umphathi Womshini We-Virtual, ithuluzi lokuqhafaza esilifakile izinyathelo ezimbalwa emuva. Sichofoza isithonjana sokuqala ngakwesobunxele (kubha yemenyu engenhla) okuyiyona esivumela ukuthi sakhe imishini ebonakalayo, futhi sikhombisa igama umshini wethu ozoba nawo, okhombisa ngezansi kwendlela esizoya ngayo yisebenzise: ngesithombe se-ISO noma se-CDROM, ukufakwa kwenethiwekhi (i-HTTP, i-FTP, i-NFS), i-Network boot (PXE) noma ngokungenisa isithombe esivele sikhona.

Sichofoza ku 'Okulandelayo' futhi manje siyacelwa ukuthi singene indlela eya esithombeni se-ISO ) Bese uchofoza ku 'Okulandelayo' Futhi manje lokho esizokukhombisa kuzoba inani lememori ne-CPU umshini wethu ozoba nawo, ngaso sonke isikhathi kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi ngandlela thile lokhu 'kuzosuswa' kwikhompyutha yethu, ngakho-ke kuhlale kulula ukungakwenzi lokho yeqa ama-50 ngekhulu kulokho esinakho okutholakalayo.

Ngemuva kokuchofoza kokulandelayo siyiswa esinyathelweni okufanele senze ngaso lungiselela inethiwekhi, futhi lapha ngokuzenzakalela ukucushwa kwe-NAT kuhlala kusetshenziswa okusivumela ukuthi 'siphume' kunethiwekhi kepha lokho ngeke kusikhombise ikhompyutha yezivakashi njengenye futhi kwinethiwekhi yethu yasendaweni. Vele, singakuguqula lokhu uma sinezidingo ezihlukile (ngokwesibonelo, uma sisebenzisa amaseva abonakalayo). Lapho konke sesikulungele siyachofoza 'Qeda' futhi singaqala faka uhlelo lokusebenza njengoba besingakwenza eqenjini elijwayelekile.

Sizokwazi ukuhlola imishini ehlukile ebonakalayo nezinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi lapha futhi sisho into efanayo kaningi: kwinkululeko yokuzikhethela sinamandla amakhulu we-Linux. Kukhona labo abazokhetha i-Virtualbox, i-QEMU noma i-VMware, futhi iqiniso ukuthi ukusebenza okuvuna eyodwa noma okunye kuzoncika ezintweni eziningana ukuze okungcono kakhulu esingakwenza ukuvivinya.