Ungayifaka kanjani i-PXE server (network boot)

Empilweni yokuqala ka Linux la ukufakwa Kwenziwe kusuka kuma-diskettes futhi lokho kwakwanele, sabe sesiya kuma-CD futhi kamuva kuma-DVD nakwabezindaba bangaphandle njengama-pen drives, kepha kunendlela ethokozisayo kakhulu yokufaka uhlelo olukhulu lokusebenzisa mahhala kungenxa yenethiwekhi, isebenzisa ngokunenzuzo wezivinini ezinhle kakhulu esinazo ngokwesilinganiso namuhla (okungenani emadolobheni kunjalo).

Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi siqale sidinga ukulungisa ezinye izinto, ngakho-ke kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizokhombisa ungayifaka kanjani i-PXE server ku-Ubuntu. Kulabo abangakwazi kahle lokhu, yithi isichazamazwi sisho isiphakeli se qala imvelo yokwenza -n noma endaweni yaseSpain 'yangaphambi kokuqala kokubulawa'- nokuthi yini esivumela yona qala ikhompuyutha ukude ngesixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi.

Ngalokhu, esikwenzayo kopisha isithombe sokufakwa kwe-ISO kuseva ye-PXE, kepha ukuze lokhu kusebenze sizodinga ukufaka i-server, okuyikho esizokukhombisa kulesi sifundo. Futhi sizoqala kusukela kusisekelo sokuthi iqembu lethu linekheli le-IP elinqunyelwe okungukuthi 192.168.100.1 negama lomethuleli iseva, kepha ngaphezu kwalokhu sizodinga i- Iseva ye-DHCP bakithi Ubuntu ngakho-ke sifika emsebenzini.

# ukuzuza okungcono ukuthola

# apt-get ukufaka isc-dhcp-server

Ngemuva kwalokho sivula ifayela leseva ukuze lihlelwe:

nano / etc / default / isc-dhcp-server

Futhi sifaka i-interface yenethiwekhi yemishini yethu ukuze kube yiyo ethola ukuxhumana:

[...]

IZINHLANGANO = »eth0 ″

Manje senza okufanayo ngefayela lokumisa:

# nano / etc / dhcp / dhcpd / conf

[...]

igama lesizinda legama "serverpxe.com";

inketho yesizinda-igama-amaseva "server1.serverpxe.com";

i-subnet 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

ububanzi 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.30;

ama-option routers 192.168.1.1;

ikheli lokusakaza lekheli 192.168.1.255;

}

isikhathi sokuqasha esizenzakalelayo-600;

isikhathi esikhulu sokuqashisa 7200

[...]

onegunya

[...]

Uma sesiqedile, kufanele qala kabusha insiza ye-DHCP:

insiza isc-dhcp-server restart

Manje sizofaka isiphakeli se-PXE uqobo, bese sivula ifayela laso ukuze lihlelwe:

# apt-get ukufaka apache2 tftpd-hpa inetutils-inetd

# nano / etc / default / tftpd-hpa

Sifaka inketho esivumela ukuthi siqale i-daemon:

[...]

RUN_DAEMON = »yebo»

OPTIONS = »- l -s / var / lib / tftpboot»

Sigcina futhi sivule ifayili lokumiswa kwe-inetd daemon ukuhlela:

# nano /etc/inetd.conf

Sengeza okulandelayo:

[...]

tftp dgram udp wait root / usr/sbin/in.tftpd /user/sbin/in.tftpd -s / var / lib / fttpboot

Siyonga, futhi manje yisikhathi sokuqala kabusha insiza:

insiza tftpd-hpa qala kabusha

Ukuqedela ukumiswa kwensizakalo, kufanele senze okufanayo neseva ye-PXE:

# nano /etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf

Sengeza okulandelayo, ekugcineni kwefayela:

[...]

vumela ukubhutha;

vumela i-bootp;

inketho yokukhetha-ikhodi engu-128 128 = intambo;

inketho yokukhethwa kukho-129 ikhodi 129 = umbhalo;

iseva elandelayo 192.168.1.100;

igama lefayela "pxelinux.0";

Songa bese siqala kabusha insiza:

# isevisi ye-isc-dhcp-server iqala kabusha

Kuncane, futhi manje kufanele silungiselele amafolda esizokhuphula kuwo ama-ISO amanye amaqembu azofinyelela kuwo.

# ukukhweza / dev / sr0 / mnt

cp -avr / mnt / ukufaka / netboot / * / var / lib / tftpboot /

mkdir -p /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10

cp -avr / mnt / * /var/www/html/ubuntu14.10/

Ngemuva kwalokho sihlela ifayili lokumiswa kwe-pxelinux.cfg / okuzenzakalelayo:

nano /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

Singeza:

[...]
ilebula le-linux
I-kernel ubuntu-installer / amd64 / linux
hlanganisa ks = http: //192.168.1.100/ks.cfg vga = normal initrd = ubuntu-installer / amd64 / initrd.gz
ramdisk_size = 16432 impande = / dev / rd / 0 rw -

Okokugcina, sengeza ukusekelwa kwe-PXE kuseva ye-DHCP:

nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

Singeza:

[...]
vumela ukubhutha;
vumela i-bootp;
inketho yokukhetha-ikhodi engu-128 128 = intambo;
inketho yokukhethwa kukho-129 ikhodi 129 = umbhalo;
iseva elandelayo 192.168.1.100;
igama lefayela "pxelinux.0";

Yilokho kuphela, manje kufanele simise amanye amakhompyutha kusuka ku-BIOS yawo ukuze aqale kwinethiwekhi, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo azocela iseva yethu ye-PXE ukumisa futhi singaqala ngokufakwa.