Isa NFS muUbuntu uye ugovane mafaera ako pamusoro petiweki neiyi protocol

NFS kana Network File System ndiyo yakaparadzirwa faira system protocol, yakatanga kugadzirwa, neSun Microsystems. Kuburikidza neNFS, hurongwa hunogona kubvumidzwa kugovera madhairekitori uye mafaera nevamwe pamusoro penetiweki.

MuNFS faira kugovana, vashandisi uye kunyange zvirongwa zvinogona kuwana ruzivo pane ari kure masisitimu zvinoita sekunge vaigara pamushini wepanzvimbo.

NFS inoshanda mutengi-server nharaunda uko sevha ine basa rekugadzirisa vatengi kuvimbiswa, kupihwa mvumo, uye manejimendi, pamwe neese data rakagovaniswa mukati meimwe faira sisitimu.

Pamusoro pekubvumidzwa, chero nhamba yevatengi inogona kuwana iyo yakagovaniswa data sekunge yaivepo pane yavo yekuchengetedza mukati.

Kugadzira server yeNFS pane yako Ubuntu system iri nyore kwazvo. Zvese zvaunoda kuti uite kuita kumwe kudikanwa kwekumisikidza uye kumisikidzwa, zvese pane sevha uye pamamishini evatengi, uye wakanaka kuenda.

Muchikamu chino, Tichatsanangura nhanho nhanho maitiro ekugadzirisa sevha yeNFS uye mutengi izvo zvinozovatendera kuti vagovane mafaera kubva kune imwechete Ubuntu system kune imwe.

Kugadzira iyo NFS server

Kugadzirisa iyo inomiririra system yekugovana madhairekitori, isu tichafanirwa kuisa iyo NFS Kernel server uye tobva tagadzira nekutumira madhairekitori atinoda kuti macustomer system awane.

Zvino, isu tichavhura terminal neCtrl + Alt + T uye mairi tichaita unotevera kuraira:

sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server -y

Kamwe kuiswa kwacho kwapera, ikozvino tave kuzogadzira dhairekitori iyo isu yatinoda kugovana neyemutengi system, iyi ichave yekuendesa kunze folda.

Mumuenzaniso uyu isu tichagadzira dhairekitori mune dhairekitori razvino ratiri, asi iwe unogona kusarudza nzira yaunonyanya kufarira.

Mune terminal tinonyora:

sudo mkdir -p carpeta-compartida

Sezvo isu tichida kuti vese vatengi vawane dhairekitori, Isu tinobvisa mvumo inovharidzira kubva kufolda yekuendesa kunze kuburikidza nemirairo inotevera:

sudo chown nobody: nogroup carpeta-compartida

sudo chmod 777 carpeta-compartida

Izvo zvakakosha kuti kana iri mune imwe nzira, iwe unoisa zvakanaka, nekuti kana iwe ukasiya imwe nzvimbo iwe unogona kuchinja mvumo yemadirector pane ako system.

Iye zvino vese vashandisi vemapoka ese pane mutengi system vanozokwanisa kuwana yedu "yakagovaniswa dhairekitori".

Iye zvino mune ino yakagadziriswa dhairekitori iwe unogona kuisa zvese zvemukati zvaunoda kugovana.

Tumira kunze dhairekitori rakagovaniswa

Mushure mekugadzira dura rekunze, isu tichafanira kupa vatengi mvumo yekuwana iyo inomiririra server server.

Iyi mvumo inotsanangurwa kuburikidza neiri kutumira kunze faira iri mu / etc dhairekitori pane yako system.

Shandisa unotevera kuraira kuvhura iyi faira naNano:

sudo nano /etc/ exports

Paunenge iwe wavhura iyo faira, iwe unogona kubvumidza kuwana kune iyo folda iyo yavakagadzira neinotevera rairo:

/ruta/de/la/ carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

O iwe unogona kuwedzera akawanda vatengi nekuwedzera anotevera mitsara mufaira:

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente-1 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente-2 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

Kana iwe unogona kuseta iyo IP renji seinotevera:

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente1/24 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

Mvumo ye "rw, sync, no_subtree_check" inotsanangurwa mufaira iyi zvinoreva kuti vatengi vanogona kuita:

rw: verenga uye nyora mashandiro

sync: nyora chero shanduko ku disk usati waishandisa

no_subtree_check - Inodzivirira subtree cheki

Mushure mekuita ese ari pamusoro masisitimu pane Yekutambira sisitimu, ikozvino yave nguva yekutumira dhairekitori rakagovaniswa:

sudo exportfs -a

Pakupedzisira, Kuti zvese zvigadziriso zviitwe, tangazve iyo NFS kernel server seinotevera:

sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

Nhanho yakakosha ndeye kuona kuti firewall yevhavha yakavhurika kune vatengi kuitira kuti vagone kuwana izvo zvakagovaniswa zvemukati.

sudo ufw allow from ip/rango to any port nfs

Kuramba chimwe chinhu chakadai.

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.1/24 to any port nfs

Zvino kana iwe ukatarisa chinzvimbo cheUbuntu firewall kuburikidza nemirairo inotevera, iwe unozokwanisa kuona iyo Action mamiriro se "Bvumidza" kune mutengi IP.

sudo ufw status

Yako inomiririra sevha ikozvino yakagadzirira kuburitsa yakagovaniswa dhairekitori kune vakatsanangurwa vatengi kuburikidza neKernel NFS server.

Kugadzira muchina wemutengi

Ino ndiyo nguva yekuita mamwe marongero akareruka pamushini wemutengi, kuitira kuti iro rakagovaniswa dhairekitori kubva kuMubati riiswe pamusoro pemutengi uye riwanikwe pasina matambudziko.

Nokuda kweizvi isu tichaisa iyo NFS mutengi nemirairo inotevera:

sudo apt-get install nfs-common

Sisitimu yemutengi wako inoda dhairekitori uko zvese zvemukati zvakagovaniswa neyeMubati server zvinogona kuwanikwa mune yekutsvaga folda.

Iwe unogona kugadzira iyi dura chero kupi zvako pane yako system.

sudo mkdir -p carpeta-cliente

Ikozvino dhairekitori iwe rawakagadzira mune yakapfuura nhanho rakangofanana nechero imwe dhairekitori pane yako system kunze kwekunge iwe ukakwira iro rakagovaniswa dhairekitori kubva kune Wako host kune iyi ichangobva kugadzirwa dhairekitori.

Shandisa unotevera kuraira kukwira iro rakagovaniswa dhairekitori kubva kune inomiririra kune yegomo folda pane mutengi

sudo mount IPdelserivdor:/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida /ruta/carpeta-cliente

Kusiya iwo murairo zvakanyanya kana zvishoma seinotevera:

sudo mount 192.168.1.1:/home/servidor/carpeta-compartida /home/cliente/carpeta-cliente

Ino ndiyo nguva yekuyedza kubatana nekuenda kufolda kubva kumuchina wevatengi kana michina uye uone kuti izvo zvakagovaniswa zvemukati zviripo.