Maitiro ekugadzira mapassword akasimba uye woatarisa iwo kubva kumagumo

Munyaya inotevera tichazotarisa dzimwe nzira dzeku gadzira mapassword akasimba kubva kune iyo terminal. Mazuva ano, kukosha kwepassword yakachengetedzeka ine mavara mazhinji, zviratidzo, manhamba, nezvimwe, inosimbiswa nekushingirira, kuitira kuisimbisa uye kusava nyore kunongedzera vamwe kana uchiwana data redu.

Wese munhu anoziva kuti nhasi mapuratifomu mazhinji anotibvunza isu password kuti tiwane masevhisi, edu email, kupinda muhofisi intranet, kupinda kumabhangi, nezvimwe, uye kana tisina password yakasimba, munguva pfupi inotevera tinogona kupedzisira tave nematambudziko akakomba ekuchengetedza.

Iwo chaiwo mapoinzi ekufunga nezvekugadzira yakachengeteka, yakagadzikana uye yakasimba password ndeiyi inotevera:

• Tinofanira kushandisa zviratidzo, nhamba, mabhii makuru nemavara madiki.
• Usashandise akakosha mazuva eruzhinji kana eruzhinji, nhamba dzerunhare, magwaro ekuzivisa, nezvimwe.
• A yakanaka pasiwedhi inofanirwa vane nhamba huru yevatambi. Nezve izvi uye nekutevera zvimiro zvekutanga zvatichakwanisa kuita password yedu "inenge" isingakwanise kuwana.

Kana tichifanira kuisa password pane chimwe chishandiso chedu, tinowanzoshandisa icho chiri nyore kurangarira. Pasina mubvunzo kutaura, izvi zvinofungidzira pane dzakawanda nguva kukanganisa kwakakomba kwekuchengetedzeka iyo inobvumira vabiridzi kuvashandisa nenzira inoenderana neruzivo rwavanoziva nezvedu kana kuburikidza nekurwisa kwechisimba. Kuti tivandudze kuchengetedzeka uku, tinofanirwa kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza, senge kushandiswa kwe mapassword akasarudzika iyo yatinogona kugadzira nematurusi akasiyana.

Tevere isu tichaona dzakasiyana nzira dzakasiyana idzo dzatinogona kugadzira dzakasarudzika mapassword kuburikidza neiyo terminal yeUbuntu hwedu, pasina kudiwa kwekuwedzera software. Aya mapassword anogona kushandisirwa zvakakwana kune ese masevhisi anoda password yakasimba. Izvo zvinopera pasina kutaura kuti mapaswedi akagadzirwa zvisina kujairika akaoma kurangarira, saka isu tichafanirwa kutsvaga nzira yekuzvichengeta zviri nyore.

Maitiro ekugadzira akasimba mapassword muUbuntu

Kunyora chinyorwa ichi ndiri kushandisa Ubuntu 16.04. MuGnu / Linux isu tine zvimwe zvishandiso zvinotipa kugona kwekugadzira otomatiki password yakachengeteka.

Kana tisina zvishandiso izvi, tinogona kuzviisa tichishandisa zvinotevera kuraira muraini (Ctrl + Alt + T):

sudo apt install gnupg2 && sudo apt install openssl

GPG

Kana tichida gadzira password yedu uchishandisa GPG, isu tichaita unotevera kuraira:

gpg --gen-random --armor 1 32

OpenSSL

Kana tichida shandisa OpenSSL kugadzira password yedu yakachengeteka, isu tichafanirwa kushandisa unotevera kuraira:

openssl rand -base64 32

DZIMA

Imwe sarudzo iyo yatinogona kushandisa kugadzira yedu yakachengeteka password ndeye APG, Pfupiso Otomatiki password jenareta. Iyo inouya yakaiswa muUbuntu uye zvigadzirwa zvayo. Kuti titange kuraira isu tinongofanirwa kunyora muiyo terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T):

apg

Ichi chirongwa chakagadzirirwa kugadzira mapassword "kuyeukwa". Kana iwe uchingoimhanyisa, inokukumbira iwe yakateedzana yedata kuti ushande nayo, uye zvichibva pane izvo ichagadzira iyo "yekuyeukwa" password. Apa ndoreva kuti padhuze ne password inozotiratidza chinyorwa chefoni kuitira kuti tikwanise kurangarira zvakanaka password.

Mirairo yeiyo terminal

Pamusoro pezvishandiso zvatichangobva kuona, tichazokwanisa zvakare kushandisa nhevedzano ye mirairo iyo ichagadzira zvisina kujairika mapassword. Iwe unongofanirwa kunyora imwe yeiyi mitsara mune iyo terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T):

date +%s | sha256sum | base64 | head -c 32 ; echo
< /dev/urandom tr -dc _A-Z-a-z-0-9 | head -c${1:-32};echo;  
tr -cd '[:alnum:]' < /dev/urandom | fold -w30 | head -n1 
strings /dev/urandom | grep -o '[[:alnum:]]' | head -n 30 | tr -d '\n'; echo 

< /dev/urandom tr -dc _A-Z-a-z-0-9 | head -c32 
dd if=/dev/urandom bs=1 count=32 2>/dev/null | base64 -w 0 | rev | cut -b 2- | rev
</dev/urandom tr -dc '12345!@#$%qwertQWERTasdfgASDFGzxcvbZXCVB' | head -c32; echo ""
randpw(){ < /dev/urandom tr -dc _A-Z-a-z-0-9 | head -c${1:-16};echo;} && randpw

Nguva dzese dzatinoita chero yemirairo iyi, iyo password iyo yaichaburitsa ichave yakanyatsosiyana uye haizove nehukama kune chero imwe yakambogadzirwa.

Maitiro ekutarisa simba re password muUbuntu

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kufunga kuti password yauri kushandisa yakasimba. Kuti utarise kana ichi chiri chokwadi, isu tinongoda chete kuisa application inonzi cracklib. Izvi inoongorora ese mativi epassword uye inotipa mhedzisiro. Kuisa cracklib muUbuntu kana Debian isu tinoshandisa unotevera kuraira:

sudo apt-get install libcrack2

Gadza password

Kana iko kushanda kwave kuiswa isu tinoshandisa iyo cracklib-check paramende kutarisa password password. Semuenzaniso, isu tichaongorora pasiwedhi iri nyore uye inozivikanwa. Mune terminal tinonyora:

echo "1234abc" | cracklib-check

Isu tinogona zvakare kutarisa yakasimba password tichishandisa:

cat|cracklib-check

Tichafanira teedzera pasiwedhi kuti usimbise mune inouraya uye uyu murairo uchatiratidza mhedzisiro. Kana mhedzisiro yacho iri OK inoratidza kuti password yedu yakachengeteka, ikozvino, isu tinofanirwa kungwarira uye chengeta password iyi munzvimbo yakachengeteka, kana tikakanganwa.

Zvinogoneka zvinobuda

Tinogona kuwana mimwe mhedzisiro kana tichiongorora password yedu. Mimwe mienzaniso inotevera:

• Ipfupi
• Izvo zvinoenderana neshoko muduramazwi
• Iyo yakavakirwa pazita rako rekushandisa