Linux mirairo: Kushandiswa kwavo mune terminal - Chikamu chechitanhatu
Kuenderera mberi nezvinyorwa zvedu pamusoro pekushandiswa kwepamusoro kweiyo terminal, mune izvi chechitanhatu yeiyi nhevedzano yechipiri pandima iyi, tichaongorora nhasi "Linux Commands" zvinotevera: nslookup, tcpdump uye bmon.
Nenzira iyi, kuenderera mberi nekubatsira chero avhareji GNU/Linux mushandisi kuti akwanise kubata zvakanyanya kukosha kutonga uye kugadzirisa matambudzikokumba uye muhofisi.
Linux mirairo: Kushandiswa kwavo mune terminal - Chikamu Cheshanu
Asi, usati watanga iyi positi nezve mashandisiro anoshanda evamwe "Linux Commands", tinokurudzira kuti iwe wobva waongorora yapfuura inoenderana posvo yenyaya dzino dzakatevedzana:
Linux Mirairo - Chikamu chechitanhatu: nslookup, tcpdump uye bmon
Kushandisa kushandiswa kwemirairo yeLinux
nslookup
Kuraira "kuona" chirongwa chekubvunza Internet domain name server. Uye nokuda kweizvi, inopa maitiro maviri, imwe inopindirana uye imwe isingabatanidzi. Mune inopindirana modhi inobvumira mushandisi kubvunza mazita maseva kuti awane ruzivo rweakasiyana mauto nemadomasi kana kudhinda runyorwa rwevaenzi mudura. Ipo, mune isiri-yekudyidzana modhi inodhinda chete zita uye yakakumbirwa ruzivo rwemugamuchiri kana domain. manpages
Mirairo Yekushandisa Mienzaniso nlookup
- Bvunza iyo default zita server muOS kuti uwane IP kero (Rekodhi) yechero domain: $ nslookup [yourdomain.com]
- Bvunza zita rakapihwa sevha yerekodhi yeNS yechero domain: $nslookup -type=NS [example.com] [8.8.8.8]
- kuita cMubvunzo nekudzosera kumashure (PTR rekodhi) yechero IP kero: $ nslookup -type=PTR [XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX]
- Ita mubvunzo weCHESE chiripo rekodhi uchishandisa TCP protocol: $ nslookup -vc -type=ANY [yourdomain.com]
- Ita mubvunzo kuburikidza neye mail server (MX rekodhi) yedomasi, kuti uone zvimwe zvakawanda zvekutengeserana: $ nslookup -type=MX -debug [yourdomain.com]
Kuti uone mimwe mienzaniso yekushandisa uye tsananguro yezvainobatanidzwa sarudzo kana ma paramita, tinya pano.
tcpdump
Kuraira "tcpdump" chinhu chidiki chekupedzisira chinokutendera kuti uratidze tsananguro yezviri mukati memapakiti panetiweki interface inofanana neiyo boolean kutaura kwemazwi syntax. Nokudaro, zvinofungidzirwa yakanakisa command line network sniffer, nekuda kwekusiyana kwayo kana zvasvika tora uye ongorora TCP/IP mapaketi anofambiswa kana anogamuchirwa pamusoro petiweki pane chaiyo interface. manpages
Mienzaniso yekushandisa iyo tcpdump command
- Nyora inowanikwa network interfaces muOS: $tcpdump -D
- Bata traffic kune chaiyo interface: $ tcpdump -i [interface_name]
- Bata yese TCP traffic nekuratidzira zvirimo (ASCII) pane iyo console: $ tcpdump -A tcp
- Wona traffic kuenda kana kubva kune muenzi chero: $ tcpdump host [www.yourdomain.com]
- Tarisa uone traffic yenetwork yesekana network segment: $ tcpdump mambure [192.168.1.0/24]
Kuti uone mimwe mienzaniso yekushandisa uye tsananguro yezvainobatanidzwa sarudzo kana ma paramita, tinya pano.
bmon
Kuraira "bmon" chishandiso chekutarisa uye chekugadzirisa chinoshandiswa kutora nhamba dzine chekuita netiweki uye kudziratidza nenzira inooneka yemunhu. Uye kuita izvozvo, ine akati wandei nzira dzekubuda, kusanganisira inodyidzana kosi mushandisi interface uye scriptable zvinyorwa zvinobuda. manpages
Mienzaniso yekushandisa bmon command
- Ratidza runyoro rwese mainterfaces: $bmon -a
- Ratidza mitengo yekufambisa data mumabits pasekondi: $bmon -b
- Seta kuti ndeapi ma network anofanirwa kuratidzwa paunenge uchimhanyisa kuraira: $ bmon -p [interface1, interface2, interface3]
- Seta nguva (mumasekonzi) painoverengerwa chiyero pacounter: $bmon -R [2.0]
Kuti uone mimwe mienzaniso yekushandisa uye tsananguro yezvainobatanidzwa sarudzo kana ma paramita, tinya pano.
Resumen
Muchidimbu, tinovimba kuti ichi chikamu chechitanhatu pamusoro Iyo "Linux Command» kwatakakurukura kushandiswa kwe nslookup, tcpdump, uye bmon mirairo, ramba uchibatsira vashandisi vazhinji kugona iyo Linux Terminal ine simba zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Uye kana wakamboshandisa imwe yeiyi mirairo mitatu kare, uye iwe uchida kupa chimwe chinhu pamusoro payo, tinokukoka iwe kuti uite saizvozvo. kuburikidza nemashoko.
Pakupedzisira, yeuka kugovera aya mashoko anobatsira navamwe, mukuwedzera kukushanyira musha wedu «website» kuti udzidze zvimwe zvirimo zvazvino, uye ubatane nechiteshi chedu chepamutemo che teregiramu kuti uongorore dzimwe nhau, zvidzidzo uye Linux updates. West boka, kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve musoro wanhasi.