En chinyorwa chakapfuura Takanga tatanga kutsanangura chimwe chezvakakosha zvekuisa sisitimu yekushandisa, partitioning. Isu zvino tinoenderera mberi sumo pfupi yemafaira masisitimu uye matafura ekuparadzanisa.
Sezvatakanga tatsanangura munyaya yapfuura, Iyo faira sisitimu inosimbisa kuti data rinochengetwa sei, rinounganidzwa, uye rinowanikwa. Matafura ekugovera anoratidza mhando uye saizi yezvikamu zviripo pane yekuchengetedza mudziyo nenzvimbo yazvo. Mukuwedzera, vanoratidza kuvapo kwekushanda masisitimu ane bootloaders.
Sumo pfupi yemafaira masisitimu uye matafura ekuparadzanisa
Mhando dzemafaira masisitimu
Pakati peanonyanya kufaera masisitimu ndeaya:
- FAT32: Inowanzo shandiswa nemapendrives uye memori makadhi anoshandiswa munharembozha uye makamera edhijitari. Kugovera kwakawanda kweLinux kunodawo chidimbu chidiki mune iyi fomati kune mamwe masisitimu mabasa.
- HFS +: Ndiyo faira system yemakomputa eApple. Linux inogona kuverenga data kubva kune iyi faira system, kunyangwe kuinyorera kungangoda kumwe kugadziridzwa kune macOS marongero kana kuisirwa imwe software.
- Ext2/3/: Aya ndiwo akasiyana eiyo yakajairwa Linux faira system. Nhasi, Ext4 ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kunyangwe mamwe akanyanya kugovera ari kuyedza mamwe mafomati.
- btrfs: Inogona kubata yakakura data mavhoriyamu kupfuura Ext4 uye ingangove mutsivi wayo.
- XFS: Iyi UNIX faira system ine makore anopfuura makumi matatu uye inochengeta shanduko yekuchinja inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kudzoreredza data rakarasika.
- Shandura: Kusiyana nemamwe mafaera masisitimu, Swap haichengete data zvachose. Kana komputa ikavhurwa, RAM ndangariro inoishandisa kuchengetedza kwenguva pfupi ruzivo rusingade panguva iyoyo.
Partition types
Isu takanga tati zvikamu zvikamu zvakagadzirwa nesoftware. Kushandiswa kwayo kune zvinotevera zvakanakira:
- Inokutendera iwe kutsaurira mudziyo kune akasiyana mashandisiro.
- Ita kuti kurongeka kuve nyore nekupa zvikamu zvakasiyana kumhando dzakasiyana dze data
- Inokubvumira kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvenguva.
- Zvinogoneka kugovera mvumo dzakasiyana dzekuwana kana encrypt imwe neimwe yadzo.
Kana ukaedza kuisa Linux pakombuta inopfuura makore mashanu uchaona kuti haugone kugadzira zvinopfuura zvikamu zvina. Chirambidzo ichi hachipo pane mamwe makomputa emazuva ano sezvo ichishandisa imwe tafura yekuparadzanisa system. Nekudaro, kana iwe uchangotanga, zvakanakisa kurega mugadziri atarisire zvese.
Tine marudzi maviri ematafura ekuparadzanisa aripo. MBR (Master Boot Record) yemakomputa ekare uye GPT (GUID Partition Tafura) kune mamwe mazuvano. GPT yakakwirira kune MBR kwete chete nekuti inoshanda nemadhisiki akakura asiwo inobvumira kupora kana kukuvara kwemuviri kuchigadzirwa.
Kukunda zvisingakwanisi, MBR ine mhando mbiri dzezvikamu:
- Primary Partition: Panogona kuve ne4 chete ine imwechete inoshanda. Iwo anobatsira pakuchengeta sisitimu yekushandisa neyayo inoenderana bootloader. Iyo komputa ichawana iyo partition inoratidzwa seyakashanda mushure mekupedza iyo boot maitiro.
- Extended Partition: Kuti ukunde muganho wezvikamu zvina zvekutanga, pane mukana wekugadzira extendia partition inoshanda semudziyo werudzi rwechitatu rwechikamu, chikamu chine musoro.
- Zvinonzwisisika Partition: Zvikamu zvine musoro zvine basa rezvikamu zvekutanga. Iyo huru inorambidzwa ndeyekuti haigone kuve neiyo bootloader. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kuzviita pane inonzwisisika partition.
Vese maWindows uye vanoisa eakasiyana Linux kugovera anosanganisira yavo chishandiso chekushanda nezvikamu. Iwo maGNOME neKDE desktops anewo maturusi avo anogona kuuya asati aiswa kana kuve mumatura. Panyaya yeGNOME inonzi Gparted (Iyo inogona zvakare kutorwa seyakamira Linux kugovera) uye kana iri KDE Partition Mharidzo.
Mune yedu fomu rekuonana, muverengi Samquejo anotipa zvinotevera:
Zvakanaka
Nezve mbr, haina kurongeka zvachose.
Makore mashanu ifungidziro yakanaka yekudzivirira kubatwa, asi ndine michina inodarika makore gumi (uye BIOS yenguva yayo) inogamuchira gpt pasina dambudziko.
Iyo mbr-bios chirongwa ine muganho we2 TB, 4 yekutanga kana 3 maprimary partitions uye yakawedzerwa isina yekuzvarwa bhoti hukuru (mune ma partitions akawedzerwa unogona kana unogona kuisa grub chainload yebhutsu) uye yakawedzera kupatsanurwa kwandinofunga kuti inogona. bata 32 zvine musoro partitions asi ndiri kutaura nezve ndangariro uye iyo nhamba inogona kunge yakasiyana asi zvirokwazvo kwete zvishoma.