LAMP, ku dheji Apache, MariaDB iyo PHP Ubuntu 20.04

Qodobka soo socda waxaan eegeynaa sida aan ugu rakibi karno LAMP Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. Waa xirmo isku duuban oo qalabka software-ka ah. LAMP wuxuu u taagan yahay Linux, Apache, MariaDB / MySQL iyo PHP, dhammaantood waa ilo furan oo bilaash ah in la isticmaalo. Waa kan ugu badan ee softiweer ee awoodda u leh bogagga firfircoon iyo barnaamijyada websaydhka.

Linux waa nidaamka hawlgalka, Apache waa sheyga webka, MariaDB / MySQL waa keydka keydka macluumaadka, PHP-na waa luuqada qoraalka dhanka serverka oo mas'uul ka ah soo saarista bogag firfircoon. Si loo raaco khadadka soo socda waxay lagama maarmaan noqon doontaa in la helo nidaam hawlgal Ubuntu 20.04 oo ku shaqeysa mashiin maxalli ah ama server fog.

Ku rakib LAMP Ubuntu 20.04

Kahor intaadan rakibin LAMP raso, waa fikrad fiican cusbooneysii keydka iyo baakadaha software-ka ee la heli karo. Waxaan tan ku samayn doonnaa annagoo ku fulinayna galka (Ctrl + Alt + T):

sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade

Ku rakib server-ka Apache

Ku qor amarka soo socda terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) illaa rakibi serverka Apache:

sudo apt install -y apache2 apache2-utils

Marka la rakibo, Apache waa inuu si toos ah u bilaabmaa. Waxaan ku xaqiijin karnaa qoraal ahaan:

systemctl status apache2

Waxaan sidoo kale awoodnaa hubi nooca Apache:

apache2 -v

Hadda ku qor cinwaanka IP-ga dadweynaha ee server Ubuntu 20.04 cinwaanka barta biraawsarka. Waa inaad aragtaa bogga bilowga, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in server-ka Apache uu si sax ah u shaqeynayo. Haddii aad ku rakibayso LAMP mashiinka Ubuntu 20.04 ee maxalliga ah, ku qor 127.0.0.1 ama localhost bar cinwaanka biraawsarka.

Haddii xiriirku diido ama uusan dhameystirmin, waxaa laga yaabaa inaan leenahay gidaar-gacmeed ka hortagaya codsiyada soo socda ee dekedda TCP 80. Haddii aad isticmaalayso iptables firewall, waa inaad maamushaa amarka soo socda si aad u furto dekedda TCP 80:

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

Haddii aad isticmaaleyso darbiga UFW, fuliya amarka si loo furo TCP dekedda 80:

sudo ufw allow http

Hadda waxaan u baahanahay dejiso www-data (Isticmaalaha Apache) sida milkiilaha xididka webka. Waxaan tan ku gaari doonnaa qoraal:

sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/www/html/ -R

Ku rakib serverka keydka ee MariaDB

MariaDB waa bedel toos ah MySQL. Ku qor amarka soo socda instalar MariaDB on Ubuntu 20.04:

sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

Ka dib marka la rakibo, server-ka MariaDB waa inuu si otomaatig ah u shaqeeyaa. Waan awoodnaa hubi xaaladdaada iyadoo amarka:

systemctl status mariadb

Haddii aysan soconayn, waxaan ku bilaabi doonnaa qoraal:

sudo systemctl start mariadb

para u oggolow MariaDB inay si otomaatig ah u bilawdo waqtiga kabaha, waa inaan fulino:

sudo systemctl enable mariadb

Hubi ah Nooca adeegga MariaDB:

mariadb --version

Hadda socodsiiso qoraalka amniga kadib-rakibida:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Markaad na weydiiso inaan galno lambarka sirta ah ee MariaDB, riix Intro maadaama erayga sirta ah aan weli la dejin. Kadib ku qor lambarkaaga sirta ah ee 'server' MariaDB.

Kadib waan riixi karnaa Intro si looga jawaabo dhammaan su'aalaha haray. Tani waxay ka saari doontaa isticmaaleha aan la aqoon, joojiya soo galida xididka fog, waxayna ka saari doontaa xogta baaritaanka.

Ugu talagal, xirmada MaraiDB ee Ubuntu isticmaasho unix_socket si loo xaqiijiyo soo galitaanka isticmaalaha.

Ku rakib PHP7.4

Waqtiga qorista maqaalkan, PHP7.4 waa nambarkii ugu dambeeyay ee xasilloon ee PHP. Tan waxaan u qoreynaa amarka soo socda rakibi PHP7.4 iyo qaar ka mid ah qaybaha caadiga ah ee PHP:

sudo apt install php7.4 libapache2-mod-php7.4 php7.4-mysql php-common php7.4-cli php7.4-common php7.4-json php7.4-opcache php7.4-readline

Hadda waxaan u baahanahay inaan dhaqaajiso moduleka Apache php7.4 oo dib u bilow serverka Apache.

sudo a2enmod php7.4

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Waan awoodnaa hubi nooca PHP iyadoo amarka:

php --version

Si loo tijaabiyo qoraallada PHP ee leh server-ka Apache, waxaan ubaahanahay inaan ku abuurno feyl info.php galka galka:

sudo vim /var/www/html/info.php

Faylka gudahiisa waxaan ku dhajineynaa nambarka PHP ee soo socda:

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Marka feylka la keydiyo, hadda barta cinwaanka biraawsarka waa inaan qorno ip-address / info.php. Ku beddel ip-address-ka IP-gaaga hadda jira. Haddii aad isticmaaleyso mishiin maxalli ah, qor 127.0.0.1 / info.php o localhos / info.php. Tani waa inay muujisaa macluumaadka PHP.

Ku orod PHP-FPM leh Apache

Waxaan dooneynaa inaan helno laba dariiqo oo aan ugu adeegsan karno koodhka PHP-ka adoo adeegsanaya shabakadda Apache. Iyadoo la adeegsanayo moduleka PHP Apache iyo PHP-FPM.

Tallaabooyinka kor ku xusan, qaabka Apache PHP7.4 ayaa loo adeegsadaa in lagu maareeyo nambarka PHP. Tani guud ahaan waa fiican tahay, laakiin xaaladaha qaarkood waa inaan ku fulinaa koodhka PHP PHP-FPM. In la sameeyo, waa inaan joojino moduleka Apache PHP7.4:

sudo a2dismod php7.4

Hada aan yeelno rakibi PHP-FPM:

sudo apt install php7.4-fpm

Waan sii wadaynaa awood u leh proxy_fcgi iyo module setenvif:

sudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif

Tallaabada xigta waxay noqon doontaa awood faylka isku xidhka /etc/apache2/conf-available/php7.4-fpm.conf:

sudo a2enconf php7.4-fpm

Marka waa inaan dib u bilow apache:

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Hadda haddaad bogsiiso bogga info.php biraawsarka, waxaad ka heli doontaa taas Server API waxaa laga badalay Apache 2.0 Handler oo loo badalay FPM / FastCGI, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in server-ka Apache uu u gudbin doono codsiyada PHP illaa PHP-FPM.

Ugu dambeyntii iyo nabadgelyada serverka, waa inaan tirtir faylka info.php.