WordPress oo leh Nginx, ku rakib CMS-ga gudaha Ubuntu 20.04

Maqaalka soo socda waxaan ku eegeynaa sida aan u awoodno ku rakib WordPress leh Nginx Ubuntu 20.04. Midkani CMS waa mid ka mid ah nidaamyada maareynta maareynta mawduucyada furan ee ugu ballaaran. Waxay awood u leedahay qiyaastii 60 milyan oo bogag ah. Waxay ku qoran tahay PHP waxayna u isticmaashaa MariaDB / MySQL keyd ahaan keyd si ay u kaydiso macluumaadka.

Khadadka soo socda waxaan arki doonnaa sida loo rakibo WordPress gudaha oo leh Nginx on Ubuntu 20.04. Sababtaas awgeed, ka hor intaadan sii wadin waxay noqon doontaa lagama maarmaan hayso rakibaadda barnaamijka LEMP on Ubuntu 20.04 in la bilaabo.

Ku rakib WordPress oo leh Nginx on Ubuntu 20.04

Ku rakib kordhinta PHP

Kordhinta soo socota ayaa looga baahan yahay WordPress inay ku shaqeyso Ubuntu 20.04. Si loo rakibo iyaga waxaan kaliya oo aan fureynaa terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) oo aan fulinaa:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install php-dom php-simplexml php-ssh2 php-xml php-xmlreader php-curl php-exif php-ftp php-gd php-iconv php-imagick php-json php-mbstring php-posix php-sockets php-tokenizer

Abuur Nginx Server Block ee WordPress

Waxaan u abuuri doonnaa Nginx server block oo loogu talagalay rakibidda WordPress. Xannibaadda adeegaan waxay u baahan tahay magac domain, nambarka dekedda, dukumintiga xididka, goobta diiwaangelinta, iwm.. Tusaalahan, xogta aan isticmaali doono waa tan soo socota. U ogolow isticmaale kasta inuu ku waafajiyo hadba baahidiisa:

• Magaca domain: www.wordpress.local
• Diiwaangeli buugga galka: /goobaha/www.wordpress.local/public_html/
• Diiwaanada: /goobaha/www.wordpress.local/logs/

Aan bilowno abuurista feylka qaabeynta qaabeynta galka /etc/nginx/conf.d iyadoo amarka:

sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.wordpress.local.conf

Faylka gudahiisa waxaan ku dhejin doonnaa waxyaabaha soo socda:

server {
        server_name www.wordpress.local;
        root /sites/www.wordpress.local/public_html/;

        index index.html index.php;

        access_log /sites/www.wordpress.local/logs/access.log;
        error_log /sites/www.wordpress.local/logs/error.log;

        # No permitir que las páginas se representen en un iframe en dominios externos
        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";

        # Prevención MIME
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";

        # Habilitar el filtro de secuencias de comandos entre sitios en los navegadores compatibles
        add_header X-Xss-Protection "1; mode=block";

        # Evitar el acceso a archivos ocultos
        location ~* /\.(?!well-known\/) {
                deny all;
        }

        # Evitar el acceso a ciertas extensiones de archivo
        location ~\.(ini|log|conf)$ {
                deny all;
        }

        # Habilitar enlaces permanentes de WordPress
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        }

}

Waan keydineynaa feylka waana ka baxeynaa. Hadda waxaan u soconaa Abuur galka galka dukumiintiga iyo galka diiwaanka adoo adeegsanaya amarrada:

sudo mkdir -p /sites/www.wordpress.local/public_html/

sudo mkdir -p /sites/www.wordpress.local/logs/

Waan sii wadaynaa hubinta faylasha qaabeynta Nginx:

sudo nginx -t

Farriin la mid ah tii shaashada hore ku jirtay ayaa xaqiijin doonta in qaabeynta serverka Nginx ay sax tahay. Waxaan ku dhamaaneynaa dib u bilaabida adeegga:

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Abuur xog ururin loogu talagalay WordPress

Aynu galno MariaDB / MySQL:

sudo mysql -u root -p

Kadib waxaan sameyneynaa keydka macluumaadka loogu talagalay WordPress:

CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

Kuwa soo socdaa waxay noqon doonaan samee isticmaale:

CREATE USER 'wpusuario'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123password';

Waan sii wadaynaa siinta rukhsad siinta marin-u-helka macluumaadka:

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* TO 'wpusuario'@'localhost';

Waana karnaa soo bax:

quit

Soo dejinta WordPress

Waxaan soo dejisanaa nooca ugu dambeeya ee WordPress de WordPress.org con wget:

wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

Hada aan yeelno soo saar xirmada WordPress leh amarka daamur:

tar -zxvf latest.tar.gz

Kuwa soo socdaa waxay noqon doonaan u wareeji faylasha WordPress si aad u diiwaangeliso xididka:

sudo mv wordpress/* /sites/www.wordpress.local/public_html/

Waxaan sii wadeynaa bedelida guriga si Nginx ugu qori karto feylasha asalka dukumintigaas:

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /sites/www.wordpress.local/public_html/

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /sites/www.wordpress.local/logs/

Hada aan yeelno abuuro galitaanka martida ee domainka (tusaalahan www.wordpress.local) oo ku jira Faylka / iwm, haddii ay dhacdo in deegaankeennu uusan lahayn Server-ka DNS ee magaca lagu xallinayo:

sudo vim /etc/hosts

Faylka gudihiisa, waxaan ku dari doonnaa gelitaan sida hoos ka muuqata. IP-ga la adeegsaday ayaa ah kii kumbuyuutarkayga maxaliga ah.

Ku rakib WordPress

Ka dib xogta ku jirta tusaalahan, waxaan u soconaa fur web browserka oo booqo url:

http://www.wordpress.local

Tani waxay nagu geyn doontaa Saaxir WordPress rakibidda.

Waa inaan qor faahfaahinta xogta si aad ugu oggolaato WordPress inuu ku xirnaado. Waxay noqon doontaa xogta keydka ee horey loo abuuray

Haddii xiriirku guuleysto, waxaan ku arki doonnaa fariin guul shaashadda cusub. Si aad u sii wado waa inaad gujisaa oo kaliya Orod rakibida.

Shaashadda soo socota waa inaan qor cinwaanka bogga, adeegsadaha maamulka WordPress, lambarka sirta ah iyo cinwaanka emaylka. Waxaan aadeynaa shaashadda xigta adigoo gujinaya Ku rakib WordPress.

Haddii wax walboo hagaagaan, rakibaadda WordPress ayaa hadda dhammaatay. Waxaan hadda gujin karnaa Helitaanka si aad ugu tagto Maamulaha WordPress (Backend).

Halkaasna waxaan ka bilaabi karnaa horumarinta bartayada:

Deji cabirka faylka ugu badan

Sida caadiga ah, PHP ma ogola in faylalka la soo rogo oo ka weyn 2MB. Si loo oggolaado faylalka waaweyn ee la soo rogo iyada oo loo marayo interface-ka websaydhka WordPress, waa inaan u qaabeynaa upload_max_filesize iyo post_max_size ee php.ini.

sudo vim /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini

Halkan ayaynu u maraynaa buscar upload_max_filesize y u beddel cabbirka cabbirka illaa 256M, haddii ay tahay waxa aad u baahan tahay:

upload_max_filesize = 256M

Waxaan sidoo kale sameyn doonaa buscar post_max_size waana beddeli doonnaa cabbirka soo dejinta sida ay baahidayadu tahay:

post_max_size = 256M

Dhamaad waxaan ku dari doonaa moduleka ugu weyn macmiil_max_body_size faylka qaabeynta serverka Nginx.

sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Dardaaranka waxaa lagu dari karaa qeybta HTTP (dhammaan boggaga), gaar ahaan xannibaadda serverka ama macnaha goobta.

client_max_body_size 256M;

Waan keydineynaa feylka waana ka baxeynaa. Waxaan ku dhamaaneynaa dib u bilaabida adeegyada:

sudo systemctl restart php7.4-fpm.service

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Tanna waxaan ku yeelan doonnaa WordPress ayaa lagu rakibay gudaha Ubuntu 20.04.