Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga iFlask. bucala ngasekhohlo microframe Imithombo yasimahla nevulekileyo ibhaliwe kwiPython. Iya kusivumela ukuba senze usetyenziso lwewebhu ngokukhawuleza kunye nenani elincinci lemigca yekhowudi. Yenzelwe ukunceda abaphuhlisi ukuba benze usetyenziso olukhuselekileyo, olunokutsha kunye nokugcinwa kwewebhu. Iflask isekwe kwiWerkzeug kwaye isebenzisa iJinja2 njengenjini yetemplate.
Ngokungafaniyo DjangoNgokuzenzekelayo, iFlask ayibandakanyi I-ORM, ukuqinisekiswa kwefom okanye nawuphi na umsebenzi onikezelwe ngamathala eencwadi wesithathu. Lo msebenzi microframe uye wakhiwa kunye nezandiso engqondweni. Ezi ziiphakheji zePython, esinokuthi songeze ukusebenza kwazo kwisicelo seFlask.
Kuxhomekeke kwinto efunwa ngumsebenzisi ngamnye, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufaka iFlask. Inokufakwa kwinkqubo ebanzi okanye kwindawo ebonakalayo yePython usebenzisa umbhobho. Kule migca ilandelayo siza kubona ukuba sinokwenza njani ufakelo kwimeko ebonakalayo.
Eyona njongo iphambili yePython imeko ebonakalayo yile yenza imeko engqonge iiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo. Ngale ndlela, unokuba neemeko ezahlukeneyo zeFlas kwikhompyuter enye. Ke sinokufaka uhlobo oluthile lwemodyuli kwiprojekthi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga nokuba iya kuchaphazela olunye ufakelo esinalo.
Faka iflask kwi-Ubuntu 18.04
Ndiyathemba ukuba le migca ilandelayo ibonelela ngolwazi olwaneleyo ukuze ube nakho faka iFlask kwindawo ebonakalayo yePython usebenzisa Ubuntu 18.04.
Faka iPython 3 kunye ne-venv
Ubuntu 18.04 iza nePython 3.6 ngokungagqibekanga. Ungaqinisekisa ufakelo ngokuvula i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) kunye nokuchwetheza:
python3 -V
Nge-Python 3.6, indlela ecetyiswayo yokwenza imeko ebonakalayo kukusebenzisa imodyuli ye-venv. Kuba faka ipakethe ye-python3-venv enikezwe yimodyuli ye-venvKwisiphelo esinye ekufuneka usenzile:
sudo apt install python3-venv
Emva kofakelo, sikulungele ukwenza imeko ebonakalayo.
Ukwenza imeko ebonakalayo
Siza kuqala ngokuya kwisikhombisi apho sinomdla wokugcina indawo yethu eyiPython 3. Inokuba sisikhokelo sakho esiphambili okanye nasiphi na isikhombisi apho umsebenzisi afunde khona kwaye abhale iimvume.
Kulo mzekelo ndiza kwenza ulawulo olutsha kwisicelo seFlask. Emva koko ndiza kuyifumana:
mkdir mis_flask_app cd mis_flask_app
Nje ukuba ungene ngaphakathi kulawulo, kuya kufuneka sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo ukudala imeko-bume entsha:
python3 -m venv venv
Lo myalelo ungasentla wenza isikhombisi esibizwa ngokuba yi-venv. Inayo ikopi ye-Python kanambambili, umphathi wepakeji yePip, ilayibrari esemgangathweni yePython, kunye nezinye iifayile zenkxaso. Naliphi na igama linokusetyenziselwa imeko ebonakalayo.
Ukuqala ukusebenzisa le meko yendalo, kuya kufuneka yisebenzise ngokwenza iskripthi sokuvula:
source venv/bin/activate
Nje ukuba isebenze, isikhombisi sedatha yemeko-bume yenyani iya kongezwa ekuqaleni kwe $ PATH eyahlukileyo. Njengokuba izakutshintsha i-shell yakho yomyalelo kwaye ibonise igama lendalo ebonakalayo usebenzisa ngoku. Kulo mzekelo, siza kubona into elandelayo:
Ukufaka iFlask
Ngoku ukuba imeko ebonakalayo yenziwe yasebenza, sinako Sebenzisa python umphathi wepakeji ukufaka iflask:
pip install Flask
Ngaphakathi kwimeko ebonakalayo, Singasebenzisa umyalelo wepay endaweni yepip3 kunye python endaweni ye-python3.
Ku nokuba njalo jonga ingxelo efakiweyo yemicroframework usebenzisa lo mthetho ulandelayo:
python -m flask --version
Njengoko ubona kwi-skrini yangaphambili, ngexesha lokubhala eli nqaku, ingxelo yokugqibela esemthethweni yeFlask yi-1.0.2
Ukwenza isicelo esincinci
Ngoku siza kuya yenza isicelo esiqhelekileyo se "Molo Lizwe". Oku kuyakubonisa kuphela isicatshulwa esinye kwiscreen ngasinye. Ukuyila siza kusebenzisa umxholo wethu owuthandayo:
vim ~/mis_flask_app/hola.py
Ngaphakathi kwifayile uncamathisele le migca ilandelayo:
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hola_ubunlog():
return 'Hola Ubunlog'
Kumgca wokuqala singenisa iklasi yeFlask. Emva koko, senza umzekelo weklasi yeFlask. Emva koko sisebenzisa umzila () umhlobisi ukubhalisa umsebenzi we-hello_ubunlog() kwindlela /. Xa le ndlela iceliwe, hello_ iyabizwaubunlog() kunye nomyalezo 'Hola Ubunlogibuyiselwa kumthengi.
Xa ugqibile sigcina ifayile ngathi molo.py.
Ukuvavanya iserver yophuhliso
Siza kusebenzisa Umyalelo weflask wokuqhuba usetyenziso, kodwa ngaphambi koko siyafuna Xelela iFlask ukuba uyilayisha njani inkqubo ngokuchaza imeko yeFLASK_APP eyahlukileyo:
export FLASK_APP=hola flask run
Lo myalelo ungasentla iya kuqala iserver yophuhliso ebekiweyo. Iziphumo ziya kufana noku kulandelayo:
Ukuba uvula isikhangeli sakho kwaye uthayiphe http://127.0.0.1:5000 umyalezo wesicelo sethu uza kuvela, "UHola Ubunlog".
ukuba misa iseva yophuhliso, hit Ctrl + C kwisiphelo sendlela.
Ukukhubaza imeko ebonakalayo
Nje ukuba siwugqibe umsebenzi, siza kuyenza ingasebenzi imeko ebonakalayo ukubuyela kwigobolondo lethu eqhelekileyo, uchwetheza:
deactivate
Ukuba umtsha kwiFlask, ndwendwela iphepha le amaxwebhu asemthethweni ngeFlask kwaye ufunde ukuba ungaziphucula njani izicelo zakho ngakumbi.