Zithini iinkqubo kwaye singazilawula njani ku-Ubuntu

Namhlanje Ubuntu (kwaye uninzi lwe-GNU / Linux distros) zine Unxibelelwano lomsebenzisi oluntsonkothileyo, evumela umsebenzisi ukuba asebenzise iNkqubo phantse ngaphandle kokwazi nantoni na ngayo, kwaye kulungile. Iqala kwisiseko sokuba umsebenzisi akunyanzelekanga ukuba abe nolwazi oluphambili, yiyo loo nto ukusetyenziswa kwe-Ubuntu kunye ne-GNU / Linux ngokubanzi kuqhubeka kunomdla.

Ngoku, akukhe kube buhlungu ukwazi ukuba isebenza njani into esiyisebenzisayo. Ngaphaya koko, siyazi ukuba usebenzisa i-GNU/Linux ngokuyinxenye kungenxa yokungavumelani kwakho, umdla wakho kunye nomnqweno wakho wokufunda. Ngoko ngaphakathi Ubunlog Sifuna ukubhala inqaku lobugcisa ngakumbi kwaye sikubonise Zithini iinkqubo kwaye zisebenza njani Ubuntu. Siza kukufundisa ukuba udwelise iinkqubo ezisebenzayo, ukufumana inkqubo ethile kunye nokubabulala. Siqala.

Njengoko sonke sisazi, Ubuntu (GNU / Linux) sisiXokelelwano sokuSebenza esenza imisebenzi emininzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iyakwazi ukwenza iinkqubo ezininzi (imisebenzi) ngaxeshanye, ngaphandle kweengxaki phakathi kwazo.

Kodwa… Yintoni inkqubo?

Inkqubo ayinanto ngaphandle komzekelo wenkqubo. Okanye ubeke enye indlela, inkqubo ayisiyonto ingaphezulu kuthotho lweenkqubo ezisebenzayo. Ke ngendlela yokuhlangana, inkqubo inokuqondwa njengenkqubo eqhubayo.

Iinkqubo, njengoko abanye sele besazi, zinokwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini; phakathi phambili (ngaphambili) okanye kwi yangasemva (ngasemva).

Ukongeza, kwezona zinto zinomdla, inkqubo ikwanayo ne- be, kuba ayinakuba kuphela ukubaleka. Ukuba umzekelo inkqubo A yazisa enye inkqubo B, i A yaziwa njengenkqubo ubawo kunye no-B njengenkqubo hijo (Umntwana). Rhoqo, xa oku kusenzeka, A hlala ukwimo imisiwe.

Sibona ngomzekelo:

Si sivula iTheminali Ubuntu bethu, sele siqala inkqubo entsha, kuba i-terminal yenye inkqubo. Ungathini ukuba ukusuka kwiTheminali sisungula enye inkqubo, Siza kubona ukuba inqunyanyisiwe. Oko kukuthi, ukuba nje ukuba iTheminali ivuliwe, senza:

gedit f_test

ukuvula ifayile entsha ebizwa f_uvavanyo (kunye nomhleli wombhalo we-Gedit), siya kubona ukuba i-terminal imisiwe kwaye "asisayi kuphinda siyisebenzise". Ukuba sifuna ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa iTheminali enye emva kokumiliselwa kwenkqubo, vele uyingenise ngaphakathi yangasemva (imvelaphi), oko kukuthi, kwanele ukuba siphumeze:

gedit f_test &

Uphawu "&" lubonisa ukuba sifuna ukuba le nkqubo yenziwe yangasemva. Ngale ndlela, nje ukuba inkqubo iphehlelelwe, sinokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa iTheminali, kuba ngekhe inqunyanyiswe kwaye zombini ezi nkqubo ziya kuqhubeka ziqhuba ngesiqhelo.

Ndingazi njani ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo ezisebenza ku-Ubuntu?

Ukubona uluhlu lweenkqubo ezisebenzayo, vula nje iTheminali kwaye usebenzise:

ps -aux

Kwaye siza kubona imveliso efana nale ilandelayo:

Olona lwazi lusithandayo kuluhlu yile PID. I-PID (Inkqubo yesazisi) linani elipheleleyo, njengoko igama lisitsho, linoxanduva lokuchonga inkqubo enye.

Ukongeza, Ubuntu (kunye nayo yonke i-GNU / Linux distros) inefayile emisela elona xabiso liphezulu lePID. Oku ngokucacileyo kumisela indlela Elona nani liphezulu leenkqubo eziqhutywa. Ifayile ibizwa ngokuba fumanzi kwaye ingaphakathi kwe / proc / sys / kernel / directory. Ukuba ufuna ukubona umxholo wayo ngokukhawuleza, vele ubaleke:

ikati / proc / sys / kernel / pid_max

Kwaye uyakubona ukuba, ngokungagqibekanga, elona nani liphezulu leenkqubo ezinokuthi zenziwe ngama-32768. Kubalulekile ukuba uhambe ngononophelo xa usiya kwezi zikhombisi, kuba utshintsho olubi lunokubulala.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba siyafuna khangela iinkqubo ezinxulumene nenkqubo ethile Singasebenzisa umbhobho kunye nomyalelo we-grep ukucoca iziphumo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba umzekelo sifuna ukubona zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumene neGimp, sinokwenza:

I-ps -aux | grep gimp

Njengoko ubona, kwimeko yam kukho iinkqubo ezi-3 ezinxulumene neGimp.

Kwaye ... ndingayibulala njani inkqubo?

Ukubulala inkqubo kuthetha ukuyiphelisa, ukuthumela isiginali ehambelanayo yenkqubo yokuphela. Ukwenza njalo kulula njengokusebenzisa umyalelo ukubulala. Kulapho kufuneka sazi i-PID yenkqubo esifuna ukuyibulala. Kumzekelo ongentla, masithi ndifuna ukubulala inkqubo ye-Gimp ene-5649 njenge-PID yayo. Ewe ,baleka:

bulala i-5649

Ngoku ndingabulala njani kube kanye Zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumene nenkqubo? Kulula kakhulu. Ukuba kwimeko yam ndifuna ukubulala zonke iinkqubo zeGimp, ndingasebenzisa lo myalelo pkill. Ngoku Landelayo:

I-pkill gimp

Oku kungabulala wonke umntu Iinkqubo ze-Gimp, oko kukuthi, iinkqubo ezinee-PIDs 5649, 5719 kunye ne-5782. Ukuba inkqubo iyabanda kwaye ubungazi ukuba ungayiphelisa njani, ngoku unesisombululo esinokubakho

Siyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo sincinci sikuncedile ukuba uqonde ngcono ukuba uBuntu kunye neLinux basebenza njani ngokubanzi. Ukwazi ukuba usebenza kwaye ulawula njani iinkqubo zisisiseko kwiLinux kwaye kwangaxeshanye kubaluleke kakhulu. Okwangoku siyazi ukuba esi sikhokelo besilula kwaye sicacile, ke ukuba unomdla kwaye ufuna ukuphanda kulo mbandela kancinci, ungajonga inkqubo yobomi okanye al Isicwangcisi seLinux (Inkqubo yokucwangcisa).

Kude kube lixesha elizayo 😉