Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga kwi-Gnu Emacs 25.3.2. Oku umhleli wokubhaliweyo Ayifuni nakuphi na ukwazisa, kuba idume kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa zizo zonke iintlobo zezazinzulu zekhompyuter kwihlabathi liphela. I-Emacs sisixhobo sasimahla, esivulelekileyo, esinokwandiswa kunye nesilungele ukwenziwa umhleli wombhalo.. Yiplatform enqamlezileyo kwaye siya kuyifumana ifumaneka kwi-Gnu/Linux, Windows kunye neMac.Ikwaphuhliswe yiprojekthi ye-GNU kwaye ipapashwe phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GNU GPL.
Nam andiqondi ukuba ndingathetha nto intsha ngebali lakhe. Uphuhliso lwee-Emacs zokuqala lwaqala phakathi koo-1970 kwiilabhoratri zeMIT. URichard Stallman waqala ukusebenza kwi-GNU Emacs emva ngo-1984 ukuvelisa isoftware yasimahla engenye yeGosling Emacs yobunikazi. Umsebenzi kulo mhleli usasebenza ngo-2017.
I-Gnu Emacs yi umhleli wokubhaliweyo nge Inani elikhulu lemisebenzi. Oku kuyenza idume kakhulu phakathi kwabadwelisi benkqubo kunye nabasebenzisi bobugcisa. I-GNU Emacs yinxalenye yeprojekthi ye-GNU kwaye lolona hlobo ludumileyo lwe-Emacs enomsebenzi omkhulu wophuhliso. Kwincwadi yomsebenzisi ye-GNU Emacs lo mhleli uchazwa ngolu hlobo: «umhleli owandisiweyo, onokwenziwa ngokwezifiso, ixesha lokwenyani, ozibhalayo«. Eli gama lokugqibela alithethi ukuba i-Emacs ibhala amaxwebhu ayo, kodwa kunokuba iveze amaxwebhu ayo kumsebenzisi. Eli nqaku lenza ukuba amaxwebhu e-Emacs afikeleleke kuye wonke umntu.
Iimpawu ze-Emacs ziyamangalisa. Uyenzile ngaphezu 10.000 imiyalelo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kunye nomsebenzisi wayo ujongano likuvumela ukuba udibanise le miyalelo kwiimacros ukwenza umsebenzi uzenzekele (le yinto eyakuthi xa iyinkosi imenze lo umhleli omkhulu). Ukongeza, uphumezo lwe-Emacs lubandakanya ulwimi lwesiyelelane solwimi lwenkqubo ye-Lisp olubonelela ngesakhono sokwandiswa okunzulu. Oku kuya kuvumela abasebenzisi kunye nabaphuhlisi ukuba babhale imiyalelo emitsha kunye nezicelo zomhleli. Ezinye izandiso zibhaliwe ukuphatha i-imeyile, iifayile, inkcazo, i-RSS, kunye neeclones ze-ELIZA, i-Pong, i-Conway's Life, i-Snake Game kunye ne-Tetris.
Kwinkcubeko ye-Unix, Gnu Emacs ungomnye wabantu ababini abakhuphisanayo kwimfazwe yemveli yabavakalisi. Omnye okhuphisanayo ngu vi.
Iimpawu ngokubanzi ze-GNU Emacs 25.3.2
Njengoko sele ndibhalile, iimpawu zalo mhleli umangalisayo zininzi, kodwa phakathi kwazo kufuneka siziqaqambise:
- Los iindlela zokuhlela umxholo, equka umbala wesintaksi kwiindidi ezininzi zeefayile.
- Ine a amaxwebhu amnandi kwaye apheleleyo ukongeza kumaxwebhu afakwe kwinkqubo. Ngaphaya koko ine-a incwadi yokusebenzisa oko kunokusifumana sonke abaqala kwiingxaki ezingaphezu kwenye.
- Da inkxaso epheleleyo ye-Unicode phantse yonke imibhalo yabantu.
- Ungumhleli ngentando kakhulu usebenzisa ikhowudi ye-Emacs Lisp okanye ujongano lomzobo kuyo.
- I-ikhosistim epheleleyo ye imisebenzi ngaphaya kokuhlela okubhaliweyo. Ezi ziquka umcwangcisi weprojekthi, i-imeyile kunye nomfundi weendaba, i-debugger interface, ikhalenda, kunye nokunye.
- Elungileyo inkqubo yokukhuphela kunye nokufakela izandiso.
Ungajongana nazo zonke iimpawu kunye namaxwebhu malunga nalo mhleli udumileyo kuyo iphepha lewebhu.
Ufakelo lweGnu Emacs
Ukufakela le nkqubo kwi-Ubuntu yethu, singayenza ngokuthe ngqo kwi IZiko leSoftware kuBuntu bethu. Kodwa siya kufumana Inguqulelo yangoku (uguqulelo lwe-25.3.2 ngeli xesha ndibhala eli nqaku) liyafumaneka ku-Ubuntu 17.04 Zesty / 16.04 Xenial / 14.04 Trusty / Linux Mint 18/17 kunye nezinye izinto eziphuma ku-Ubuntu kule ndawo ilandelayo siya kuyifaka. Ukufakela i-GNU Emacs ku-Ubuntu / Linux Mint kuya kufuneka sivule kuphela i-terminal (Ctrl+Al+T) kwaye sikope le miyalelo ilandelayo kuyo:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kelleyk/emacs && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install emacs25
Ukufaka I-Emacs esekwe kwisicatshulwa, kuya kufuneka siyenze sisebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo:
sudo apt-get install emacs25-nox
Khipha i-Gnu Emacs
Ukususa lo mhleli wokubhaliweyo kwinkqubo yethu yokusebenza kuya kufuneka sivule kuphela i-terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T). Emva koko kuya kufuneka sibhale oku kulandelayo kuyo:
sudo apt remove emacs25 && sudo apt autoremove