Faka iNFS ku-Ubuntu kwaye wabelane ngeefayile zakho kwinethiwekhi ngale protocol

I-NFS okanye iNkqubo yeFayile yeNethiwekhi yinkqubo esasazwayo yenkqubo yomgaqo, eyadalwa ekuqaleni, yiSun Microsystems. NgeNFS, Inkqubo inokuvunyelwa ukuba yabelane ngemikhombandlela kunye neefayile nabanye kwinethiwekhi.

Ngokwabelana ngefayile yeNFS, ulwazi kwiinkqubo ezikude lunokufikelelwa ngabasebenzisi kunye neenkqubo phantse ngokungathi zihlala kumatshini wasekhaya.

NFS isebenza kwimeko yomxhasi-weseva apho umncedisi anoxanduva lokulawula ukungqinisisa kwabaxhasi, ugunyaziso, kunye nolawulo, kunye nayo yonke idatha ekwabelwana ngayo ngaphakathi kwinkqubo ethile yefayile.

Emva kokugunyaziswa, naliphi na inani labathengi linokufikelela kwidatha ekwabelwana ngayo ngokungathi ibikho kugcino lwangaphakathi.

Ukuseta iseva yeNFS kwinkqubo yakho Ubuntu kulula kakhulu. Konke okufuneka ukwenze kukwenza ufakelo oluyimfuneko kunye nolungelelwaniso, kokubini kwiseva nakumatshini wabathengi, kwaye ulungile ukuhamba.

Kule nqaku, Siza kuchaza inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuba uqwalasele njani iseva yeNFS kunye nomxhasi oya kuthi abavumele ukuba babelane ngeefayile ukusuka kwinkqubo ye-Ubuntu ukuya kwenye.

Ukuqwalasela iseva yeNFS

Ukucwangcisa inkqubo yokubamba ukuze sabelane ngemikhombandlela, kuya kufuneka sifake iseva yeNFS Kernel kwaye emva koko senze kwaye sithumele iirejista esifuna ukuba iinkqubo zabathengi zifikelele kuzo.

Ngoku Siza kuvula i-terminal nge-Ctrl + Alt + T kwaye siza kwenza lo myalelo ulandelayo:

sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server -y

Nje ukuba ukufakela kwenziwe, ngoku siza kwenza ifolda esifuna ukwabelana ngayo nenkqubo yomxhasi, oku kuya kuba yifolda yokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe.

Kulo mzekelo siza kwenza ifolda kulawulo lwangoku apho sikhona, kodwa ungakhetha eyona ndlela uyithandayo.

Kwisiphelo siza kuchwetheza:

sudo mkdir -p carpeta-compartida

Kuba sifuna ukuba bonke abathengi bafikelele kulawulo, Siza kususa imvume ethintelayo kwifolda yokuthumela ngaphandle ngale miyalelo ilandelayo:

sudo chown nobody: nogroup carpeta-compartida

sudo chmod 777 carpeta-compartida

Kubalulekile ukuba ukwenye indlela, uyibeka ilungile, kuba ukuba ushiya indawo enye unokutshintsha iimvume zekhompyuter.

Ngoku bonke abasebenzisi bamaqela onke kwinkqubo yomxhasi baya kuba nakho ukufikelela "kwifolda ekwabelwana ngayo".

Ngoku kule folda yenziwe ungabeka yonke imixholo ofuna ukwabelana ngayo.

Thumela umkhombandlela okwabelwana ngawo

Emva kokwenza ifolda yokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe, kuya kufuneka sinike abathengi imvume yokufikelela kumatshini wokubamba umncedisi.

Le mvume ichazwe kwifayile yokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe ebekwe kwifolda / njl kwindlela yakho.

Sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo ukuvula le fayile ngoNano:

sudo nano /etc/ exports

Nje ukuba uyivule ifayile, unokuvumela ukufikelela kwifolda abayenzileyo ngalo myalelo ulandelayo:

/ruta/de/la/ carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

O unokongeza abathengi abaninzi ngokongeza le migca ilandelayo kwifayile:

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente-1 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente-2 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

Okanye unokuseta uluhlu lwe-IP ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente1/24 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

I "rw, sync, no_subtree_check" iimvume ezichazwe kule fayile zithetha ukuba abathengi banokwenza:

rw: funda kwaye ubhale imisebenzi

ukuvumelanisa: bhala naluphi na utshintsho kwidiski ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa

no_subtree_check: thintela ukujonga okungaphantsi

Emva kokwenza konke oku kulandelayo kungasentla kwinkqubo yokubamba, ngoku lixesha lokuba uthumele ngaphandle isikhombisi esabiweyo:

sudo exportfs -a

Ekugqibeleni, Ukuze lonke useto luqale ukusebenza, qala kwakhona iseva yekernel yeNFS ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

Isinyathelo esibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-firewall yomncedisi ivulelekile kubaxhasi ukuze bakwazi ukufikelela kumxholo owabelwana ngawo.

sudo ufw allow from ip/rango to any port nfs

Ukuhlala into enje:

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.1/24 to any port nfs

Ngoku xa ujonga imeko ye-Ubuntu firewall yakho ngalo myalelo ulandelayo, uya kuba nakho ukubona imeko ye-Action njengo "Vumela" i-IP yomxhasi.

sudo ufw status

Umncedisi wakho wokubamba ngoku ukulungele ukuthumela ifolda ekwabelwana ngayo kubaxumi abakhankanyiweyo ngeseva yekernel yeNFS

Ukuqwalasela umatshini wabathengi

Ngoku lixesha lokwenza ulungiselelo olulula kumatshini wabathengi, ukuze ifolda ekwabelwana ngayo evela kumamkeli inyuswe ibekwe kumthengi kwaye emva koko ifikeleleke ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Kule nto siza kufaka umxhasi weNFS ngalo myalelo ulandelayo:

sudo apt-get install nfs-common

Inkqubo yomxhasi wakho ifuna ulawulo apho yonke imixholo ekwabelwana ngayo ngumncedisi womamkeli inokufikeleleka kwifolda yokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe.

Unokwenza le folda naphina kwindlela yakho.

sudo mkdir -p carpeta-cliente

Ngoku ifolda oyenzileyo kwisinyathelo esedlule ifana nayo nayiphi na ifolda kwindlela yakho ngaphandle kokuba ubeka umkhombandlela owabelwanayo ukusuka kumsingathi wakho kule folda isandula ukwenziwa.

Sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo ukunyusa ifolda ekwabelwana ngayo ukusuka kumamkeli ukuya kwifolda yentaba kumxhasi:

sudo mount IPdelserivdor:/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida /ruta/carpeta-cliente

Umyalelo ungaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

sudo mount 192.168.1.1:/home/servidor/carpeta-compartida /home/cliente/carpeta-cliente

Ngoku lixesha lokuvavanya unxibelelwano ngokuya kwifolda ukusuka kumatshini wabathengi okanye koomatshini kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umxholo ekwabelwana ngawo ukhona.