Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kujonga uyifaka njani i-Qt yoMdali kunye nendlela yokuqokelela inkqubo esisiseko Ubuntu. I-Qt yindawo ejolise kwinto, kwindawo enqamlezileyo yokusebenza. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iinkqubo ezisebenzisa ujongano lomzobo womsebenzisi okanye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zomgca wokuyalela kunye nokududuza iiseva ezingafuneki ujongano lomsebenzisi.
I-Qt yindawo yasimahla, evulekileyo, yesakhelo sophuhliso lwesicelo seqonga. Ngaba iyahambelana namaqonga ahlukeneyo Intoni; Gnu / Linux, OS X, Windows, Android, iOS kunye nezinye. Ngaphezulu kolwimi lwenkqubo, i-Qt sisakhelo esibhaliweyo kwi-C ++.
Kule migca ilandelayo siza kubona ukuba njani faka uMdali weQt ngomgca wokuyalela. Kamva siza kubona indlela yokubhala inkqubo elula Molo Lizwe nendlela yokuyiqhuba. Konke oku ndiza kukwenza Ubuntu 19.04.
Faka uMdali weQt
Ukuqala siza kuthi fakela uKwakha kubalulekile, ukuba awukayifaki. Le yiphakheji eya kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake kwaye basebenzise izixhobo ze-c ++ ku-Ubuntu. Ukuqhubeka nofakelo, sivula i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) kwaye kuqala siza kuhlaziya isoftware ekhoyo kwaye emva koko sifake iphakheji ngokuchwetheza:
sudo apt update; sudo apt install build-essential
Ukuba awunayo ipakethe yoMdali weQt efakiweyo ene-UI kunye nezixhobo zomgca wokuyalela wokudala nokuqhuba iprojekthi yeQt, bhala kwisiphelo esinye:
sudo apt install qtcreator
Ukuba ufuna i-Qt 5 isetyenziswe njengenguqulelo emiselweyo yoMyili weQt, sebenzisa lo mthetho ulandelayo:
sudo apt install qt5-default
Ukuphumeza iiprojekthi ezintsonkothileyo, kuya kufuneka fakela amaxwebhu e-Qt kunye neesampulu. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuchwetheza kwisiphelo sendlela:
sudo apt-get install qt5-doc qtbase5-examples qtbase5-doc-html
Iphakheji qt5-uxwebhu Inamaxwebhu e-Qt 5 API. Qtbase5-imizekelo iqulethe i-Qt Base 5 imizekelo kunye qtbase5-doc-html Inamaxwebhu e-HTML kwilayibrari esisiseko ye-Qt 5.
Bhala kwaye uqokelele inkqubo yakho yokuqala ye-Qt kwisiphelo sendlela
Yonke into eza kufundwa apha ngezantsi inokwenziwa nakwimifanekiso, kodwa kule meko siya kuyenza nge-terminal. Ukubhala kunye nokudibanisa iinkqubo ze-Qt ezivela kwilayini yomyalelo woBuntu kuyinto ethe ngqo. Amanyathelo ekufuneka elandelwe ngala:
Yenza isikhombisi seprojekthi
Siza kuqala ngokwenza isikhombisi esisebenzayo se bamba iprojekthi yethu yeQt. Kwisiphelo (Ctrl + Alt + T) sibhala:
mkdir ProyectoQt
Yenza ifayile ye .cpp kulawulo lweprojekthi
Ngaphakathi kwisikhombisi esisandula ukuwenza, siza kwenza lo myalelo ulandelayo yenza ifayile ye .cpp:
vim mainEjemplo.cpp
Kwifayile engenanto, khuphela nje le khowudi ilandelayo. Injongo yayo kuphela kukuprinta umgca kwiwindow enesihloko 'Inkqubo yam yokuqala yeQt'.
#include <QApplication>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QWidget>
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QLabel hola("<center>Ejemplo Qt para Ubunlog</center>");
hola.setWindowTitle("Mi primer programa Qt");
hola.resize(600, 400);
hola.show();
return app.exec();
}
Nje ukuba uncanyathiselwe kwifayile, kuhlala kuphela ukugcina kunye nokuvala umhleli.
Yenza ifayile yeprojekthi yeQt
Emva kokugcina ifayile kwaye ngaphakathi kwifolda yeprojekthi, kuya kufuneka wenze lo myalelo ulandelayo ukuze wenze ifayile yeprojekthi yeQt:
qmake -project
Singaqinisekisa ukuba umyalelo wangaphambili wenze ifayile enegama IprojekthiQt.pro kulawulo lweprojekthi. Le fayile yeprojekthi yile amathambo asisiseko eeprojekthi zeQt kwaye inokuhlelwa.
Izicwangciso kwifayile yeprojekthi yeQt
Njengoko sifuna ukuhlanganisa iprojekthi ukusuka kumgca wokuyalela, kuya kufuneka yongeza lo mgca ulandelayo kwifayile yepro esiyenzileyo kwinyathelo elidlulileyo.
QT += gui widgets
Ukwenza oku, kukho kuphela vula ifayile yeSampuli yeProject kwaye uncamathisele ngaphakathi komgca odlulileyo:
vim ProyectoQt.pro
Yenza ifayile ephumezekayo yeprojekthi
Umyalelo olandelayo izakwenza ifayile enegama 'Yenza ifayile' kulawulo lweprojekthi.
qmake ProyectoQt.pro
Ke Siza kusebenzisa ukwenza iFayile yefayile kwinkqubo ephumezayo:
make
Logama kungekho zimpazamo kwiprojekthi, lo myalelo kufuneka wenze inkqubo esebenzayo kulawulo olusebenzayo.
Ifayile IprojekthiQt ngombala oluhlaza, yifayile ephunyeziweyo Qt.
Vavanya inkqubo
Ukuba ufikelele kweli nqanaba, nonke nimiselwe yazisa ifayile ephunyeziweyo esiyenzileyo kwinyathelo elidlulileyo. Ungayazisa le nkqubo ngokuchwetheza kwi-terminal, ngaphakathi kwifolda yeprojekthi:
./ProyectoQt
Iziphumo zalo mzekelo zezi zilandelayo:
Ezi ziziseko ezona nawuphi na umsebenzisi ekufuneka ezazi ukubhala, ukuqokelela, kunye nokuqhuba inkqubo yokuqala ye-Qt. Njengoko benditshilo imigca engentla, unokukhetha phakathi komgca wokuyalela okanye indlela ye-UI, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zeprojekthi kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Kuba olunye ulwazi, thetha amaxwebhu asemthethweni eQt.
Umda, inqaku elinenjongo yokufaka kunye nokuqokelela inkqubo usebenzisa i-QT, kwelinye icala uMdali we-Qt yi-IDE ye-multiplatform, kungenjalo ilungile.