Kwakukho ixesha, ngokuqinisekileyo abaninzi abayi kukhumbula ngenxa yobutsha babo, apho Isikhangeli sikaMosaic songamele imboni yesikhangeli sewebhu, njengoko iChrome, iFirefox okanye iEdge yenza ngoku. Yenye yezo ziqwenga zesoftware esele iyinxalenye yembali yecomputing, kwaye yintsomi leyo isekhona kakhulu kwabanye ababeyisebenzisa ngomhla wayo.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nesi sikhangeli sewebhu? Yaye yintoni eseleyo kuye namhlanje? Nantsi into onayo yonke into omele uyazi, ekubeni iyinxalenye ephambili yebali.
Imbali yangaphambili yezikhangeli zewebhu
En iminyaka engama-80 yaqala ezinye iimbono malunga neenkqubo ezinokuthi zithathwe njengezandulela kwiibrowser zewebhu zanamhlanje. Abanye baphumeze imisebenzi nje yokutsiba i-hypertext, kodwa zonke ziqhelekile kwaye zisekwe kumbhalo, njengeHyperBBS kunye neHyperLan, phakathi kwabanye. Zilula njengoko zazinjalo, sele ziqalisile ukubeka isiseko sezikhangeli njengoko sizazi namhlanje.
En Ngowe-1987, uNeil Larson, Ndingadala iTransText, iprosesa yehypertext, isikhangeli sewebhu sakwangoko, kodwa leyo iya kuba yimbewu yezi zangoku. Yayisekwe kwiingqikelelo zeMaxthing kaNeil Larson, kwaye emva koko, ezinye iinkqubo ezifanayo neziye zakhula zaye zakhululwa.
El Isikhangeli sewebhu sokuqala seWWW (iWebhu yehlabathi ngokubanzi) yaphuhliswa ngo-1990 ngu-Tim Berners-Lee kwii-workstations zeKhompyutha e-NeXT waza waziswa koogxa bakhe e-CERN ngo-Matshi 1991. U-Lee wayeza kugaya umfundi omncinci ogama linguNicola Pellow wase-CERN owayengumqeqeshwa, kwaye ngoko babhala iSikhangeli seModi yomgca, a umkhangeli zincwadi wewebhu weqonga.
Emva koko kwafika ezinye iibhrawuza zewebhu ezifana neMidasWWW, ekuvumela ukuba ujonge iifayile zePostScript kwiwebhu, kwaye ucinezele iPS. Esinye isikhangeli sewebhu esidumileyo esibizwa ngokuba yiViolaWWW siya kuvela, kunye I-Lynx, ekuphela kwayo kwezi projekthi zisekho nanamhlanje kwaye inikwe ilayisenisi phantsi kwe-GNU GPL.
Okokugqibela, asimele silibale ukuba zonke ezi projekthi zibonise ulwazi kwi-terminal. Ngo-1992, umfundi kwiYunivesithi yaseHelsinki uya kudala isikhangeli sewebhu sokuqala esinojongano lomsebenzisi womzobo, kwathiwa yi Erwise, kwaye yayilutshintsho olukhulu, nangona yayiza kunqunyanyiswa ngo-1994 ...
Isikhangeli kaMoses: imbali
I-NCSA iphuhlise isikhangeli sikaMosaic, enye yezikhangeli zewebhu zangoku. Yayidume kakhulu kwiWWW, kwaye yaza yalawula ngomhla wayo. Ukongeza kwi-interface yegraphical, iphinde yaqala ukuphumeza eminye imisebenzi ephucukileyo yokudibanisa imizobo kunye nemultimedia ukongeza kwisicatshulwa. Ukongeza, yaqala ukuxhasa ezinye iiprotocol zenethiwekhi.
Su ujongano olubonakalayo, ukuthembeka, kunye nenkxaso yenze ngokukhawuleza ukuba idume kakhulu, kwaye abaninzi (ngokunikwa okwenzekayo nge-Erwise) bacinge ukuba ngumkhangeli wewebhu wokuqala womzobo, kunye neyokuqala ukubonisa imifanekiso engaphakathi kunye nokubhaliweyo kwifestile enye.
En Ngowe-1993 kwakhutshwa inguqulelo yokuqala esemthethweni yeMosaic, nangona uphuhliso lwayo luya kuqalisa ngo-1992. Uphuhliso lwaluyalelwe yi-NCSA (iZiko leSizwe lezicelo zeSupercumputing). Ngelishwa, ngo-1995, isikhangeli siya kuphulukana nesithsaba saso, sinika isabelo semarike kwezinye iiprojekthi ezazichumile ngelo xesha, ezifana neNetscape Navigator eyaziwayo.
Ngo-1997 iprojekthi yaphazamiseka, idlulisela ilayisenisi kwiSpyglass Inc, kwaye kamva kwaba njalo UMicrosoft ofumene ilayisensi kaMosaic ukwenza i-Internet Explorer. Ukongeza, i-Mosaic Communications Corporation, inkampani eyavela kolu phuhliso, iya kuba yiNetscape.
Isikhangeli sewebhu kaMoses sifakiwe izibuko zamaqonga amaninzi, phakathi kwazo kwakukho i-UNIX kunye ne-derivatives, kunye ne-Microsoft Windows kunye ne-Macintosh, okanye amaqonga afana ne-Commodore Amiga, phakathi kwabanye.
Wayengumlandeli wakhe, I-Nestcape Navigator, leyo eya kugqiba ukungcwaba ukuthandwa kukaMosaic, kwaye ekugqibeleni inike indlela kwezinye izikhangeli zewebhu ezintsha esizaziyo namhlanje. Enyanisweni, ngo-1995 yayine-53% yesabelo semarike, kuba ikwazi ukungena kwininzi kwaye yenza ukuba ifikeleleke kakhulu kubo bonke.
UMoses ukufutshane idityaniswe kwi-boom ye-intanethi ngeminyaka yoo-90s, kwaye ayizukunika kuphela indlela kwiNestcape, kodwa nakwiMozilla Firefox, kuba ikhowudi yenzala yeNetscape Navigator yayisisiseko sale projekthi uninzi lwethu luyisebenzisayo namhlanje.
Okwangoku, UMosaic akafanga ncam, kukho iiprojekthi eziqhubekayo ukuyigcina iphila, nakwiLinux njengoko ubona kwicandelo elilandelayo ...
Uyifaka njani iMosaic ku-Ubuntu
Phantse kumashumi amathathu eminyaka emva kokuba uMosaic ekhululwe, iprojekthi isekho kwiikhompyuter ezithile, kwaye inokuba yeyakho kungekudala. inokwenzeka faka esi sikhangeli sewebhu ku-Ubuntu ngendlela elula, kuba kukho iipakethe ze-Snap zayo.
Ukuyifaka kulula ngokwenene ku-Ubuntu kunye nezinye i-GNU / Linux distros ezinenkxaso ye-Snapd. Kwimeko apho, kufuneka uye kwi-terminal kwaye sebenzisa lo mthetho ulandelayo:
sudo snap install mosaic
Nje ukuba inkqubo igqityiwe, uya kuba noMosaic efakwe kwi-distro yakho kwaye ulungele ukuvavanya. Jonga i-icon yesikhangeli phakathi kwe-apps yakho, okanye kwisiqalisi. Unako kwakhona ukuyindulula kwi-terminal usebenzisa umyalelo imifanekiso.