Yintoni le linux? Kutheni usebenzisa i-linux?

Ukufunda ibhlog ye ICassidiablo, Ndilifumene inqaku elinomdla ebelikade likho okwexeshana kwaye naye ngokwakhe eliguqulele.

Yintoni le nto ilinux?

I-Linux yi inkqubo yokusebenza, njengeWindows okanye iMacOSX. Oku linoxanduva lokunxibelelana nezixhobo zekhompyuter, uqiniseke ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, kwaye ikuvumela ukuba usebenze iinkqubo. Kuba iqulethe iseti yezixhobo GNU, ezifanayo kakhulu nezo zifunyenwe kwiinkqubo ze-UNIX, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa IGnu / iLinux (enyanisweni yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokuyibiza). Ukuba ukhe wasebenzisa inkqubo ye-UNIX, uyakuziva usekhaya.

Xa umntu ekuxelela ukuba basebenzise iLinux, bathetha ukuthini ukuba basebenzise olunye ulwabiwo (olubizwa ngokuba yi-distro) yeLinux. Ngaphandle kwezicelo ze-GNU, i I-Linux kernel (i-kernel) ayinakwenza lukhulu, ke i-distro yiyo "indibaniselwano" yesoftware ebandakanya I-Linux kernel (ngubani ophethe ukusebenzisana nezixhobo zekhompyutha), izixhobo ze-GNU, kunye nazo naziphi na izicelo ezenziweyo ngumntu owenze i-distro eyibona iyimfuneko, Zenziwe ngendlela yokuba zisebenze ngokuchanekileyo.

Kuba ayinguye wonke umntu onoluvo olufanayo lwenkqubo elungileyo kukho amakhulukhulu e-distros, kwaye nganye ineempawu zayo. Umzekelo, kukho ii-distros ezenzelwe sebenzisa iikhompyuter ngezixhobo ezimbalwa njengaye Damn encinci yeLinux, okanye ngokuchaseneyo distros njenge sabayon yenzelwe ukuba yenziwe kwiikhompyuter ezinamandla. Ezinye ii-distros, njenge Gentoo zikhethwa ngabo basebenzisi abathanda loo nkqubo yabo babe nokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu. Ezinye ii-distros, njenge Idesktop yeShishini le-SUSE Linux zenzelwe Ukusetyenziswa kweshishini ledesktop ngezivumelwano zenkxaso. Red Hat, umzekelo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiiseva zenkampani. Kukho ke CentOS y Vula banjani Red Hat y SledNgaphandle kwa ngaphandle kwezivumelwano zenkxaso ezihlala zifunwa ziimeko zeshishini. Fedora yinguqulelo yedesktop yeRedHat, eyenzelwe abasebenzisi basekhaya, nangona isetyenziswa kwiiDyunivesithi nakwi nkqu nakwiNASA. I-Debian yaziwa ngozinzo lwayo, olwenza ukuba ilungele iiseva, nangona abantu abaninzi bekhetha Ubuntu ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuyisebenzisa. Zininzi ezinye, kodwa ezi zezona zixhaphakileyo.

Kutheni usebenzisa iLinux?

Zininzi izizathu zokuba kutheni kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukusebenzisa iLinux. Ukuze mna Mackenzie Umbhali we inqaku), esona sizathu sokutshintsha yayikukuzama into entsha. Ndifuna ukwazi ukuba ikhona enye into ngaphandle kweWindows, endiqale ngayo, kunye neMacOS, endingayithandiyo. Nazi ezinye izizathu:

• YeyazimahlaAwudingi ukuhlawula nabani na ngokusebenzisa iLinux. Uninzi lwesoftware yeLinux nayo isimahla.
• UkhululekileEnye yezinto esizithethayo ngeLinux kukuba ihlala isimahla, kodwa ihlala isimahla. Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba kukho inkululeko ethile eza kunye neLinux. Oko kukuthi, ukhululekile ukuyisebenzisa, nokuba injani injongo yakho. Ukhululekile ukuba ungayifunda kwaye uyiqhelanise neemfuno zakho. Nokuba awunazakhono zenkqubo, baninzi abantu abanokukwenzela yona. Ukhululekile ukuba wabelane ngayo nabahlobo bakho ngaphandle kokwenza ipirate. Ekuphela kwento ONOKUYENZA kukutshintsha ilayisensi yesoftware ngendlela yokuba ayikhululekile.
• KukhuselekileI-Linux yakhelwe ukuba ibe yinkqubo yabasebenzisi abaninzi, ke ngoko kukho izithintelo ezithile zokugcina inkqubo ikhuselekile. Abasebenzisi abasoloko beqhuba usetyenziso njengomlawuli, ke iintshukumo ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo kufuneka zenziwe ngokucacileyo (kwaye hayi ngempazamo njengoko zisenzeka kwiWindows). Isoftware ayinakufakwa ngaphandle kokuba unamalungelo olawulo, kwaye uvunyelwe ngokucacileyo ukuba wenze oku, ngenxa yoko iintsholongwane azinakho ukuzifaka ngokwazo. I-Windows, kwelinye icala, yayingenzelwanga kuyilo lokhuseleko engqondweni; UMicrosoft uthatha ukuba nabani na osebenzisa ikhompyuter unalo lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko lokuba ngumlawuli wenkqubo elungileyo, kwaye akukho mntu wumbi unokufikelela kwikhompyuter. Ngenxa yobukho be-Intanethi, siyazi ukuba baninzi abantu abanokufundisa kwiikhompyuter zethu ngenethiwekhi. Iinkqubo zeLinux ziyakuthintela oko. IiWindows zithatha ukuba zonke izenzo ezenziweyo zivunyelwe ngumlawuli, ke ii-malware kunye neentsholongwane ziyakwazi ukuzifaka. IMicrosoft ithathe amanyathelo oku kuhlobo lwamva nje lweWindows (Vista), ukusebenzisa le nkqubo yokujonga imvume ngaphambi kokuvumela isenzo esithile, kodwa indlela eyenze ngayo iyacaphukisa umsebenzisi wokugqibela.
• Kulula: Le intsha. Kudala kunzima ukuba umsebenzisi omtsha azame iLinux, ngakumbi kuba ufakelo lwalunzima. Yinto yexesha elidlulileyo, ngoku ukufaka iLinux kulula kakhulu enkosi kwiiwizard zokufaka. Nje ukuba inkqubo iqulunqwe, iyeka kuphela ngenxa yokusilela kwehardware. Umama wam (omnye MackenzieUfakele iLinux (Ubuntu) ukusukela ngo-2006, kwaye uqhubeka ebaxelela abahlobo bakhe malunga nendlela ekhawuleza kwaye kulula ngayo. Kwaye abantu bathi ziigeeks kuphela ezinokusebenzisa iLinux? Umama uthathe inyanga ukuseta i-imeyile yakhe… kwaye abantakwethu basandicela ukuba ndibancede ukufaka isoftware emva kokusebenzisa iWindows kangangeminyaka emihlanu. Kwi-Linux, phawula nje ezinye iibhokisi zokutshekisha ukubonisa inkqubo ofuna ukuyifaka, emva koko uyinike isicelo kwaye yiyo leyo: ijonge isoftware, uyikhuphele, uyifake, kwaye uyiqwalasele ngokuzenzekelayo (kwiLinux akukho izinto ezinje ngee-serials okanye iikhontrakthi okanye azikho ezinye izinto!).

Uyifumana njani iLinux?

Unokuzikhuphelela Umfanekiso we-ISO nakweyiphi na iwebhusayithi ye-distros kwaye utshise i-CD yakho ukuyifaka, okanye ubuze nawuphi na umhlobo osebenzisa iLinux kwidiski (khumbula ukuba ukwaba akukho semthethweni kwiLinux). Kwakhona, iCanonical (inkampani engemva ko-Ubuntu) iya kuthi thumela iiCD zakho zasekhaya simahla. Unokuzikhuphelela iinguqulelo zeDVD (ezinesoftware eninzi) okanye ngokuchaseneyo nedisros encinci (iDamn Small Linux umzekelo inobunzima be-50MB kuphela). Ngoku, ukuba awufuni ukuyifaka ngokwakho, unokucela uncedo kwi-LUG yendawo (iQela Lomsebenzisi weLinux), kukho iminyhadala yofakelo lwesoftware yasimahla, ongathatha kuyo ikhompyuter yakho ukuba ifakwe i-Linux.

Kwaye loo penguin uyathandayo ndiyibona yonke indawo?

U-Linus Torvalds, oqale uphuhliso lwe kernel ye-Linux xa wayengumfundi kwiDyunivesithi yase Helsinki, wayekhe walunywa yiphengwini. Xa kwavela umbono wokuba nelogo yeLinux, wacebisa ipenguin njengemascot. Uthe izinto ezinokwenziwa ngesilwanyana sasekhaya zinomdla kwaye ziyonwabisa kunokuba kunokwenziwa ngoxande oluthi "LINUX". Igama likanombombiya ngu eTuxedo, Kwaye oko kwenziwa ngu Ukutya okuLarry usebenzisa i-GIMP.

Isixhumanisi: ICassidiablo