Amafomethi wokucindezela: yikuphi okuthandwa kakhulu nokuthi iyiphi okufanele uyisebenzise esimweni ngasinye

Uma sikhuluma ngefomethi ye-ZIP, sonke siyazi ukuthi sikhuluma ngani khona manjalo. Ifomethi yavela okokuqala ngo-1989 futhi sonke siyazi ngokwengxenye ngoba iyisistimu yokuminyanisa ezenzakalelayo ku-Windows, futhi abaningi bethu baqala ukuthatha izinyathelo zethu zokuqala ekusebenziseni uhlelo lwe-Microsoft. Kamuva kwavela okuningi amafomethi wokucindezela, futhi kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngezithandwa kakhulu, phakathi kwazo sizoba neRAR noma i-7z.

Lapho sifuna ukucindezela amafayela, futhi le ndatshana imayelana nalolo hlobo lokucindezelwa hhayi ezinye ezinjengalezo ezicindezela ividiyo noma umsindo, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi sidinga ukuwafaka. Ngakho-ke, okungenani ifomethi eyodwa yokucindezela efakwe kule ndatshana izomane ikwenze lokho, okungukuthi, sifake eyodwa engacindezeli, kepha uzoqonda ukuthi kungani kamuva.

Amafomethi wokucindezela athandwa kakhulu

I-ZIP, iyashesha futhi ilula

Njengoba sesishilo, I-ZIP yifomethi yokucindezela edume kakhulu, ngokwengxenye ngoba iyi- "Enye yazo zonke izimpilo" ezinhlelweni zeMicrosoft. Ukuba ngowokuqala, kudlulwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngamanye amafomethi afana no-7z noma i-RAR, kepha kusenamandla ayo:

• Ukuminyaniswa ku-ZIP kushesha kakhulu futhi akudingi izinsizakusebenza eziningi, okungenani uma sikuqhathanisa nokucindezela ku-7z noma ku-RAR. Kususelwa ekucindezelweni kwe-Deflate Lossless, okwenza kube kuhle ukugcina kungakanani idatha enkulu ehlangene, efana nokwenza isipele.
• I-ZIP ikuyo yonke indawo. Ifomethi ye-ZIP itholakala cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza, njengeLinux noma amasistimu amaningi avaliwe njenge-Apple's iOS.
• Izinhlobo zakamuva zethule ukubethela kwe-AES.

Izizathu zokukhetha i-ZIP njengefomethi yokuminyanisa yilezi isivinini futhi isebenza kahle kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza. Amanye amafomethi, yize etholakala, angaletha izinkinga kuhlelo oluthile lokusebenza, futhi lokhu kuyinto eyenzeke kimi ngenkathi ngicindezela amafayela ku-7z ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene kusukela ku-Ark.

I-ZIPX, ukuvela kwe-ZIP

Uma sikhulume nge-ZIP, kufanele sikhulume ngayo ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ofanayo. Imayelana ne-ZIPX futhi phakathi kwamathuba ayo esinayo ukuthi icindezela ngaphezu kwe-ZIP, okuthile okufana nefomethi yeRAR. Inkinga ukuthi lapho usebenzisa i-ZIPX siphelelwa amandla we-ZIP: ikhompyutha isebenzisa izinsiza eziningi futhi ukucindezela / ukwehlisa amandla kuhamba kancane.

Ngingancoma ukusebenzisa i-ZIPX kuphela uma ungafuni ukusebenzisa i-RAR, okungukuthi, ngenkinga yezomnotho nelayisense.

I-TAR izofayela ...

Njengoba sichazile ngaphambili, besizokhuluma ngefomethi yokuncipha engacindezanga. Le yi-TAR futhi siyayisho ngoba isetshenziswa kakhulu kwi-Linux. Sihlinzeka ngokugcinwa kungobo yomlando kuphela (concatenate data input and metadata into a single output file), ukwaba imisebenzi efana nokucindezela, ukubethela, ukubheka / ukuthembeka ekuhloleni isoftware yangaphandle esebenza kupayipi ngokukhishwa komyalo we-TAR.

… Futhi GZ ukucindezela

Amafayela amaningi esiwalanda nge-Linux akwefomethi ye-tar.gz. Isandiso se-GZ sichaza ifomethi eyodwa yokuminyaniswa kwefayela, eyenzelwe iphrojekthi ye-GZip (i-GNU Zip noma i- "Zip yamahhala"), eyaqalwa ngo-1992 nguJean-Loup Gailly noMark Adler ngenhloso yokunikeza ukushintshwa kwamahhala kwezixazululo zokucindezelwa. idatha yezentengiselwano. Ukuminyaniswa kusekelwe kufayela le- DEFLATE algorithm (iphinde isetshenziswe njenge-algorithm ezenzakalelayo kufomethi ye-PKZip / WinZip .ZIP), inhlanganisela yokufaka ikhodi ye-Lempel-Ziv (LZ77) ne-Huffman encoding.

Ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-ZIP futhi, njengakwisimo se-ZIPX, ngodaba lwelayisense, lokhu ngokuphelele free.

7z, umthombo ovulekile futhi onamandla

I-7z yifomethi yesimanje yokucindezela futhi umthombo ovulekile. Inikeza ukubethela kwe-AES nezinga eliphakeme lokucindezelwa, okungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu, ezimweni eziningi eziphakeme kune-RAR noma i-ZIPX. Kwethulwa kuWindows njenge I-7-Zip futhi kuthunyelwe yithimba le-p7zip kuzingxenyekazi ze-Unix. Ama-algorithm we-compression asekelwayo (i-LZMA / LZMA2, i-PPMd, i-BZip2) angazuza ekhompyutheni ehambisanayo kuma-CPUs anamuhla amaningi.

Isizathu esikhulu sokusebenzisa i-7z kungukuthi ukucindezela okuphezulu, kepha akufanelekile uma sizocindezela amafayela amakhulu ngenkathi sisebenza ngoba sizomosha isikhathi / izinsiza eziningi zemishini yethu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba ngishilo, ngehlulekile ukucindezelwa ngisebenzisa uMphongolo, ngakho-ke nami nginalelo liva ohlangothini futhi angikwazi ukumethemba impela. Ngamanye amagama, i-7z kungaba wethula izinkinga eziningi kunamanye amafomethi afana ne-ZIP.

RAR, okungcono kakhulu uma ungenandaba namalayisense

Ifomethi ye-RAR ingenye yezidume kakhulu, njenge-ZIP, ngokwengxenye ngoba nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zeMicrosoft. Yifomethi yokuphathelene efakwe ngu- I-Winrar kuWindows futhi ingxenye yalo yokukhipha yathunyelwa kwiLinux (Unrar). Phakathi kwemisebenzi yayo esinayo:

• Icindezela ngaphezu kwe-ZIP.
• Inikeza ukubethela okuqinile.
• Ithuba lokululama uma kwenzeka amaphutha.

Njenge-7z ne-ZIPX, elinye lamandla alo yizinga lokucindezelwa, kepha ngentengo yesikhathi nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo. Bengizosebenzisa ifomethi ye-RAR ku-Windows, kokubili ukucindezela kanye nokwehlukanisa namafayela avikela iphasiwedi. Vele kufanele uyikhokhele noma wenze lokho okwaziyo.

I-ACE, inkazimulo yakudala

Njenge-RAR, i-ACE iyifomethi yobunikazi eyethulwe kuWindows yiWinACE, kepha kulokhu kwakuyinkampani efanayo eyayifaka kuLinux, ikakhulukazi amandla ayo okukhipha (UNACE). Ilahlekelwe ukuthandwa eminyakeni yamuva, kepha iyanikeza amazinga wokuncipha angcono kune-ZIP ngaphandle kokufinyelela i-RAR, I-ZIPX noma i-7z.

Njengoba ingekho inguqulo yamahhala noma yamahhala yokwenza amafayela we-ACE, Ngeke ngincome ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngaphandle kokuthi sikwazi ukuthola ilayisense elingabizi mali eningi. Uma kufanele ukhethe, i-RAR ingcono.

Kulezi zakhiwo zokucindezela, yikuphi okuhle kakhulu?

Njengoba besichaza, kuzoncika ezintweni eziningi, phakathi kwethu esinokuhambisana, izinga lokucindezelwa kanye namalayisense. NgeLinux, ngincoma ifomethi engu-7z, kepha hhayi ngaphambi kokwenza izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asitholanga noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-bug njengaleyo engiyithole ku-Kubuntu ngisebenzisa i-Ark.

Ku-Windows noma i-MacOS, kuzoya ngokuthi sifuna ini «ukuthola impilo» kanye ne- ukukhishwa kwelayisense. Ifomethi ye-7z futhi ingaba inketho enhle, kokubili ngamazinga ayo okucindezela nokuphepha kanye nokuba ngumthombo ovulekile.

Ngokuya kwe-decompressing, singakwazi ukucindezela amafomethi we-ZIP "ngaphandle kwebhokisi" ezinhlelweni eziningi ezisebenzayo, kanti amanye afana ne-RAR noma i-ACE angawahlukanisa mahhala nge-UNRAR noma i-UNACE.

Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi kukhona okunye ongakhetha kukho okufanele kungezwe kulolu hlu lwamafomethi wokuminyanisa?

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungawavula kanjani amafayili ku-Ubuntu