Faka i-NFS ku-Ubuntu bese wabelana ngamafayela akho ngenethiwekhi ngale protocol

I-NFS noma i-Network File System yiphrothokholi yohlelo lwefayela olusatshalalisiwe, edalwe ekuqaleni, yi-Sun Microsystems. NgeNFS, uhlelo lungavunyelwa ukwabelana ngezinkomba namafayela nabanye ngenethiwekhi.

Ekwabelaneni ngefayela leNFS, imininingwane ngezinhlelo ezikude ingafinyelelwa ngabasebenzisi ngisho nezinhlelo ezicishe kube sengathi zihlala emshinini wendawo.

I-NFS isebenza endaweni yamakhasimende-iseva lapho iseva inesibopho sokuphatha ukuqinisekiswa kwamakhasimende, ukugunyazwa, nokuphathwa, kanye nayo yonke idatha eyabiwe ngaphakathi kohlelo oluthile lwefayela.

Lapho sekugunyaziwe, noma yiliphi inani lamakhasimende lingafinyelela idatha eyabiwe njengokungathi ikhona kusitoreji sangaphakathi.

Ukusetha iseva yeNFS ohlelweni lwakho lwe-Ubuntu kulula kakhulu. Konke okudingeka ukwenze ukwenza ukufaka okudingekayo nokulungiselela, kokubili kuseva nakumishini yamakhasimende, futhi ulungele ukuhamba.

Kule ndatshana, Sizochaza igxathu negxathu ukuthi ungamisa kanjani iseva yeNFS kanye neklayenti elizovumela ukuthi babelane ngamafayela kusuka ohlelweni lwe-Ubuntu kolunye.

Ilungiselela iseva yeNFS

Ukulungiselela uhlelo lokusingathwa ukuze labelane ngezinkomba, kuzodingeka ukuthi sifake iseva yeNFS Kernel bese sakha futhi sithumele izinkomba esifuna ukuthi izinhlelo zamakhasimende zifinyelele kuzo.

Manje, sizovula i-terminal nge-Ctrl + Alt + T futhi kuyo sizokwenza umyalo olandelayo:

sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server -y

Lapho ukufakwa sekuqedile, manje sizokwakha ifolda esifuna ukuyaba nohlelo lwamakhasimende, lokhu kuzoba ifolda yokuthekelisa.

Kulesi sibonelo sizokwakha ifolda enkombeni yamanje lapho sikhona, kepha ungakhetha indlela oyithanda kakhulu.

Esigungwini sizothayipha:

sudo mkdir -p carpeta-compartida

Njengoba sifuna wonke amaklayenti afinyelele enkombeni, Sizosusa izimvume ezinomkhawulo kufolda yokuthekelisa ngemiyalo elandelayo:

sudo chown nobody: nogroup carpeta-compartida

sudo chmod 777 carpeta-compartida

Kubalulekile ukuthi uma kungenye indlela, uyibeke kahle, ngoba uma ushiya isikhala esisodwa ungashintsha izimvume zezinkomba ezisohlelweni lwakho.

Manje bonke abasebenzisi bawo wonke amaqembu ohlelweni lwamakhasimende bazokwazi ukufinyelela "ifolda eyabelwe" yethu.

Manje kule folda eyenziwe ungabeka konke okuqukethwe ofuna ukuwabelana ngakho.

Thumela umkhombandlela owabiwe

Ngemuva kokudala ifolda yokuthekelisa, kuzodingeka sinikeze amaklayenti imvume yokufinyelela kumshini we-Host server.

Le mvume ichazwa ngefayela lokuthekelisa elitholakala kufolda / njll kusistimu yakho.

Sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ukuvula leli fayela ngeNano:

sudo nano /etc/ exports

Lapho usuvule ifayela, ungavumela ukufinyelela kufolda abayakhile ngomyalo olandelayo:

/ruta/de/la/ carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

O ungangeza amaklayenti amaningi ngokungeza imigqa elandelayo kufayela:

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente-1 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente-2 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

Noma ungabeka ibanga le-IP ngokulandelayo:

/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida ip-de-cliente1/24 (rw, sync, no_subtree_check)

Izimvume ze- "rw, sync, no_subtree_check" ezichazwe kuleli fayela zisho ukuthi amaklayenti angenza:

rw: funda futhi ubhale imisebenzi

ukuvumelanisa: bhala noma yiziphi izinguquko kudiski ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa

no_subtree_check - Ivimbela isheke lemibhalo engezansi

Ngemuva kokwenza konke ukucushwa okungenhla kusistimu yokusingathwa, manje sekuyisikhathi sokuthekelisa umkhombandlela owabiwe:

sudo exportfs -a

Ekugcineni, Ukuze zonke izilungiselelo zisebenze, qala kabusha iseva ye-NFS kernel kanjena:

sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

Isinyathelo esibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-firewall yeseva ivulekele amaklayenti ukuze akwazi ukufinyelela okuqukethwe okwabiwe.

sudo ufw allow from ip/rango to any port nfs

Ukuhlala okuthile okufana nalokhu:

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.1/24 to any port nfs

Manje lapho ubheka isimo se-firewall yakho ye-Ubuntu ngomyalo olandelayo, uzokwazi ukubona isimo se-Action njenge- "Vumela" i-IP yeklayenti.

sudo ufw status

Iseva yakho yokubamba manje isilungele ukuthekelisa ifolda eyabelwe kumakhasimende abekiwe ngeseva ye-NFS kernel.

Ilungiselela umshini weklayenti

Manje yisikhathi sokwenza ukucushwa okulula emshinini weklayenti, ukuze ifolda eyabiwe evela kumsingathi ibekwe kukhasimende bese itholakala ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Kulokhu sizofaka iklayenti leNFS ngomyalo olandelayo:

sudo apt-get install nfs-common

Uhlelo lweklayenti lakho ludinga umkhombandlela lapho konke okuqukethwe okwabiwe yiseva yokusingathwa kungatholwa kufolda yokuthekelisa.

Ungadala le folda noma kuphi kusistimu yakho.

sudo mkdir -p carpeta-cliente

Manje ifolda oyidale esinyathelweni esedlule ifana nanoma iyiphi enye ifolda kusistimu yakho ngaphandle kokuthi ufake umkhombandlela owabiwe ukusuka kumsingathi wakho uye kule folda esanda kwakhiwa.

Sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ukufaka ifolda eyabiwe kusuka kumsingathi kuye kufolda yokufaka kukhasimende:

sudo mount IPdelserivdor:/ruta/de/la/carpeta-compartida /ruta/carpeta-cliente

Ukushiya umyalo ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi ngokulandelayo:

sudo mount 192.168.1.1:/home/servidor/carpeta-compartida /home/cliente/carpeta-cliente

Manje yisikhathi sokuhlola uxhumano ngokuya kufolda kusuka kumshini wamakhasimende noma kumishini bese uqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe okwabiwe kukhona.