Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobheka ukuthi singakwenza kanjani lokho sebenzisa imiyalo ethile ngaphandle kwephasiwedi yesudo ku-Ubuntu ngenxa yefayela le-sudoers. Kubukeka kunengqondo kimi ukuxwayisa ukuthi okuzofundwa ngezansi kungenxa yezinjongo zokufundisa kuphela. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu lapho usebenzisa lokho ozokwazi ukukufunda lapha. Uma nganoma yisiphi isizathu uvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi enze umyalo we-'rm 'ngaphandle kokubhala i- iphasiwedi ye-sudo, ungasusa ngephutha noma ngenhloso izinto ezibalulekile ohlelweni lokusebenza.
Njengoba ngishilo, emigqeni elandelayo sizobona ukuthi siyenza kanjani imiyalo ethile ngaphandle kokubhala iphasiwedi ye-sudo ku Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Unix. Njengoba bonke abasebenzisi be-Ubuntu bazi, kubalulekile ukuyibhala lapho senza umyalo usebenzisa iSudo. Kepha uma kukhulunywa ngokwenza imisebenzi ethile izenzekele, mhlawumbe ukuyibhala kungaba yinkinga.
Yenza imiyalo ethile ngaphandle kwephasiwedi yesudo ku-Ubuntu
Uma nganoma yisiphi isizathu, noma ngabe yini, unentshisekelo yokuvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi enze umyalo othile ngaphandle kokuthayipha iphasiwedi ye-Sudo, kufanele engeza lowo myalo kufayela labathandi.
Ake sithi sifuna umsebenzisi aqanjwe i-entreunosyceros sebenzisa umyalo we-mkdir ngaphandle kokuthayipha iphasiwedi ye-sudo. Ukuze senze lokhu, kuzofanele sihlele ama-sudoers. Esigungwini (Ctrl + Alt + T) sibhala:
sudo visudo
Lapho ifayela livulwa, ekugcineni kwalo sizofaka umugqa olandelayo:
entreunosyceros ALL=NOPASSWD:/bin/mkdir
Kulo mugqa ongezwe ekubanjweni kwangaphambilini, i-entreunosyceros igama lomsebenzisi. Ngokwalo mugqa, lo msebenzisi uzokwazi ukwenza umyalo 'mkdir'ngaphandle kokuthayipha iphasiwedi yesudo.
Uhlelo lulula. Sizokwazi engeza imiyalo eminingi njengoba sifuna ukuwahlukanisa ngokhefana, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kokulandelayo:
entreunosyceros ALL=NOPASSWD:/bin/mkdir,/bin/chmod
Ngemuva kokuqeda ukufaka umugqa, phuma bese ungena ngemvume futhi noma uqalise kabusha uhlelo. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, umsebenzisi obhekiswe kulayini ongezwe kufayela amajezi awudingi ukufaka iphasiwedi ye-sudo ngenkathi wenza noma imiphi imiyalo engeziwe. Yebo kunjalo, lapho usebenzisa yonke eminye imiyalo, uma uzokwaziswa ukuthi ufake iphasiwedi ukusebenzisa iSudo.
Thola indlela eya kumyalo bese uyengeza kufayela le-sudoers
Kulokhu sifuna ukwengeza umyalo onendlela ehlukile kunaleyo esiyisebenzise kuze kube manje, indlela efanelekile ngokwesibonelo, sizodinga ukubhala kahle indlela eya kufayela elisebenzisekayo. Uma singaqiniseki ngakho, singasebenzisa umyalo 'kuphiukuthola indlela eyiyo efanelekile. Ku-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuzofanela ubhale:
whereis apt
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona esithombeni esingenhla, indlela yomyalo ofanele yile / usr / bin / apt, ngakho-ke nansi indlela engeza kufayela le-sudoers.
Uma kwenzeka sinesifiso sokungathayiphi iphasiwedi ye-sudo lapho senza umyalo ofanele, kuzodingeka ukuthi siphinde sihlele ifayela le-sudoers:
sudo visudo
Ngaphakathi kungaba njalo engeza umyalo 'apt' kufayela njengoba senze ngemiyalo yangaphambilini:
entreunosyceros ALL=NOPASSWD:/bin/mkdir,/bin/chmod,/usr/bin/apt
Ngemuva kokungeza umyalo, gcina futhi uvale ifayela le-sudoers. Bese uphuma bese ungena ngemvume futhi. Manje, kungaqinisekiswa uma umsebenzisi ekwazi ukwenza umyalo ngesiqalo seSudo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iphasiwedi:
sudo apt update
Cela iphasiwedi ye-sudo ngomyalo othize kufayela le-sudoers
Uma ngemuva kokwenza kanjalo, uma udinga umsebenzisi ukuthi athayiphe iphasiwedi futhi, okumele ukwenze nje hlela ifayela le-sudoers bese ususa umyalo ongeziwe. Gcina ifayili, uphume ngemvume, bese ungena ngemvume futhi.
Enye indlela kungaba engeza inkomba 'PASSWD:' phambi komyalo esifuna ukuthi ubhale iphasiwedi ye-sudo. Ngokulandela isibonelo, sizoguqula umugqa ongezwe kufayela le-sudoers njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:
entreunosyceros ALL=NOPASSWD:/bin/mkdir,/bin/chmod,PASSWD:/usr/bin/apt
Kulokhu, i-entreunosyceros yomsebenzisi ingenza imiyalo 'mkdir'futhi'chmod'ngaphandle kokuthayipha iphasiwedi yesudo. Kodwa-ke, kuzofanela uthayiphe lapho ufuna ukusebenzisa umyalo 'kulungile'.
Sawubona. Ngikwazile ukuhlela ifayili le-sudoers njengoba uchaze kahle kokuthunyelwe. Njengamanje ngiqala ukusebenzisa i-arch. Ukufaka umyalo we-pacman, wezenzo ezithile ... kufanele ngenze kanjani ?, Isibonelo, nginentshisekelo yokungaceli iphasiwedi yokuvuselela isistimu yokusebenza, isb: sudo pacman update. Kepha ukucela ngokushesha ukudlula. Ngiyabonga.