Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobheka i-Ionic Framework, nokuthi ingafakwa kanjani ku-Ubuntu 20.04. Lolu hlaka luzovumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise amaphrojekthi ngezinye izinhlaka ezifana ne-Angular. Ionic ingumthombo ovulekile ogcwele we-SDK wokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lweselula olwenziwe nguMax Lynch kaDrifty Co., uBen Sperry, no-Adam Bradley ngo-2013. Uhlobo lwangempela lwakhishwa ngo-2013 lwakhiwa phezu kwe-AngularJS ne-Apache Cordova. Kodwa-ke, inguqulo yakamuva yakhiwe kabusha njengeqoqo lezinto zewebhu, okuyi ivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe ukwenza ama-Angular, React noma amaVue.js amaphrojekthi. Kubuye kusetshenziswe ukusetshenziswa kwezakhi ze-Ionic ngaphandle kohlaka lomsebenzisi.
I-Ionic inikeza amathuluzi nezinsiza zokuthuthukisa ideskithophu ye-hybrid, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mobile nezithuthukayo ngokuya ngemikhuba nobuchwepheshe besimanje bokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Ngalokhu, ubuchwepheshe bewebhu njenge-CSS, i-HTML5 ne-Sass bungasetshenziswa. Ngalolu hlaka singakwazi ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ngobuchwepheshe bewebhu obuhambisana ne-iOS, i-Android noma iwebhu uqobo. Ibuye inikeze ngethuluzi elinamandla le-CLI esizokwazi ukuphatha ngalo futhi senze amaphrojekthi.
Izici ezijwayelekile ze-Ionic
- Lolu hlaka lungumthombo wamahhala futhi ovulekile. Inikeza umtapo wolwazi wamathuluzi wokusebenziswa okwenziwe ngomakhalekhukhwini nezinsimbi, ongakha ngazo izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisheshayo nezisebenzisanayo.
- Ionic isebenzisa uCordova, futhi ama-plug-ins asanda kutholakela ukufinyelela imisebenzi yohlelo lokusingatha efana ne-GPS, ikhamera, i-flashlight, njll.
- Abasebenzisi bangakha izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza bese bezenza ngezifiso i-Android, iOS, Windows, desktop (ene-Electron) noma iziphequluli zesimanje.
- I-Ionic kufaka phakathi izingxenye ezihambayo, ukuthayipha, noma itimu eyisisekelo enwebekayo.
- Lapho usebenzisa Izingxenye zeWebhu, Ionic ihlinzeka ngezinto zokwenziwa nezindlela zokuxhumana nazo. Enye yalezi zinto, ukuskrola okubonakalayo, kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bapheqe uhlu lwezinto eziyizinkulungwane ngaphandle komthelela wokusebenza. Enye into, Amathebhu, idala isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo esisekela ukuzulazula kwesitayela sendabuko nokuphathwa kwesimo somlando.
- Ngaphezu kwe-SDK, i-Ionic ibuye inikeze abathuthukisi bezinsizakalo bangazisebenzisa ukunika amandla izicinjengokukhishwa kwamakhodi noma ukwakha okuzenzakalelayo.
- Futhi inikeza i-IDE yayo eyaziwa njenge-Ionic Studio.
- Ibuye inikeze isikhombimsebenzisi se- Umugqa womyalo (CLI) ukudala amaphrojekthi. I-CLI ibuye ivumele abathuthukisi ukuthi bangeze ama-plugins namaphakeji we-Cordova angeziwe, vumela izaziso zohlelo lokusebenza, zenze izithonjana zohlelo lokusebenza, zifafaze izikrini, futhi zenze ama-binaries omdabu.
Faka i-Ionic ku-Ubuntu 20.04
Ukufakwa kwalolu hlaka kulula. Ukuqala sidinga ukuvula ukuphela (Ctrl + Alt + T) kanye buyekeza amaphakheji wethu wesistimu:
sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade
Ngemuva kwalokho sizokwenza kanjalo faka amanye amaphakheji adingekayo. Ku-terminal efanayo kuzofanele sisebenzise umyalo:
sudo apt install curl gnupg2 wget git
Isinyathelo esilandelayo sizoba faka iNodeJS. Lesi sibonelo ngisihlolile ngenguqulo 14.x. Ukufaka le nguqulo, sizoqala ngokwengeza indawo yokugcina edingekayo:
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo bash -
Ngemuva kwalokho singakwazi faka I-NodeJS isebenzisa lo omunye umyalo:
sudo apt install nodejs
I-Ionic idinga i-Apache Cordova. Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi leli isethi yama-API wedivayisi avumela umakhi wohlelo lokusebenza lweselula, esebenzisa iJavaScript, ukufinyelela imisebenzi yendabuko yedivayisi, njengekhamera noma i-accelerometer.
Ngemuva kokufaka i-NodeJS, singakwazi faka i-cordova iyagijima:
sudo npm install -g cordova
Kuleli qophelo, singadlulela ku faka i-Ionic usebenzisa npm:
sudo npm i -g @ionic/cli
Ngemuva kokufakwa, singakwazi hlola inguqulo efakiwe ngomyalo:
ionic -v
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwesibonelo
Ukwazi ukuthi ukufakwa kwenziwe ngendlela efanele, singaqala ngokwakha isibonelo esincane sohlelo. Ukuze senze lokhu, kuzodingeka kuphela sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo udale isibonelo:
ionic start
Lapho usebenzisa lo myalo kuzofanele uchaze ukuthi hlobo luni lwephrojekthi ofuna ukuyakha. Ngalesi sibonelo ngikhethe i-Angular. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka unikeze iphrojekthi yakho igama bese ukhetha ithempulethi. Konke lokhu kuzodingeka ukhethe esikrinini esifana nokulandelayo:
Ngemuva kokusetha, kuzokwakhiwa ifolda enegama esilinikeze iphrojekthi. Finyelela kule folda ukuze ubone ukwakheka kwephrojekthi.
Ukuze ukwazi buka iphrojekthi, esigungwini esifanayo sizokhipha lo omunye umyalo:
ionic serve --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000
Ngalo myalo sizovumela noma yimuphi umphathi ukuthi afinyelele ethekwini 8000.
Lapho konke okudingayo kulayishiwe, vula isiphequluli sakho sewebhu bese uya ku- http://localhost:8000 o http://IP-de-tu-servidor:8000 futhi uzobona ikhasi lesibonelo elisanda kudalwa.
Ionic luhlaka lwesimanje esivumela ukuthi sithuthukise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinqamulelayo ngendlela elula nenhle. Ingatholakala imininingwane engaphezulu nemibhalo emayelana nokufakwa nokusebenza kwayo kufayela le- iwebhusayithi yephrojekthi.