Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobheka ngokushesha ukuthi singakubheka kanjani ukusebenza kwe-disk I / O ku-Ubuntu sisebenzisa amathuluzi we-iotop ne-iostat. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa umyalo top ukwazi izinqubo zokwenza uhlelo (nezinto eziningi) ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ukhombe izinkinga ezingaba khona. Kepha uma singatholi zinkinga zokusebenza maqondana ne- ukusetshenziswa kwemithomboIkakhulukazi nge-CPU nememori, kuyathakazelisa ukuqhubeka nokubheka ezinye izinkambu ukukhomba izithiyo.
Kokukhipha umyalo top kunezinkambu esingazisebenzisa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kukhona ukusebenza okuphezulu kokufunda nokubhala kwe-I / O kumadivayisi wesitoreji nokwahlukanisa. Uma ukusebenza kwe-disk I / O kuphezulu, kungahle kube yimbangela yokulahla kokusebenza, ngakho-ke izibalo ze-disk I / O ohlelweni kufanele ziqinisekiswe, futhi kulapho amathuluzi we-iotop ne-iostat angasisiza khona.
Iotop ne-iostat ukuqinisekisa izibalo ze-I / O
Ukuhlola imininingwane ye-I / O ngokuningiliziwe, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa imiyalo ye-iotop ne-iostat. Le miyalo isetshenziselwa ukukhomba izinkinga zokusebenza ngamadivayisi wesitorejikufaka phakathi amadiski wendawo noma uhlelo lwefayela lenethiwekhi.
Yini iotop?
Le nsiza Iyafana nomyalo ophezulu, kepha ikhombisa umsebenzi wediski ngesikhathi sangempela. Le nsiza ibheka imininingwane yokusebenzisa i-kernel I / O futhi ikhombisa itafula lokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-I / O ngezinqubo noma imicu kusistimu. Iphinde ikhombise umkhawulokudonsa nesikhathi sokufunda nokubhala se-I / O senqubo ngayinye noma intambo.
Faka i-Iotop
Lokhu kungasiza faka kalula ngosizo lomphathi wephakethe we-apt. Kuzinhlelo ze-Debian / Ubuntu, kuzofanele sivule kuphela i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese senza umyalo:
sudo apt install iotop
Gada umsebenzi we-disk I / O usebenzisa iotop
Kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakala kumyalo we-iotop wokuhlola izibalo ezahlukahlukene nge-disk I / O. Kuzofanele sisebenzise kuphela umyalo we-iotop ngaphandle kwengxabano, noma kunjalo kuzofanele siyiqhube ngamalungelo amakhulu, ukubona inqubo ngayinye noma intambo ngokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-I / O:
sudo iotop
para hlola ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo empeleni ezisebenzisa i-disk I / O, kuzofanele sengeze kumyalo we-iotop i inketho -oo -only:
sudo iotop --only
para bona ezinye izinketho ezisebenza ku-iotop, esibayeni singathintana nosizo lwakho ngomyalo:
iotop --help
Khipha
para susa iotop eqenjini lethu, esigungwini (Ctrl + Alt + T) kuzofanele sisebenzise kuphela:
sudo apt remove iotop
Yini iostat?
Umyalo iostat isetshenziselwa ukuqapha umthwalo wedivayisi yokufaka / yokukhipha yohlelo, ubheka ukuthi amadivayisi asebenza isikhathi eside kangakanani maqondana namazinga wawo wokudlulisa amaphakathi. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuqhathanisa umsebenzi phakathi kwamadiski.
Lo myalo ukhiqiza imibiko engasetshenziswa ukushintsha ukumiswa kwesistimu ukulinganisela kangcono umthwalo wokufaka / wokukhipha phakathi kwama-disks aphathekayo. Umyalo we-iostat yakha izinhlobo ezimbili zemibiko; Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU y ukusetshenziswa kwedivayisi.
Kuzinhlelo eziningi, izibalo ze-CPU zibalwa kulo lonke uhlelo njengesilinganiso kubo bonke abacubungula.
Faka iostat
Ithuluzi iostat iyingxenye yephakethe le-sysstat, elingafakwa endaweni yokugcina esemthethweni. Sizodinga kuphela ukuvula i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese senza umyalo kuwo:
sudo apt install sysstat
Ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwe-disk I / O ngomyalo we-iostat
Kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakala kumyalo we-iostat wokuhlola izibalo ezahlukahlukene ze-CPU ne-disk I / O. Uma sisebenzisa umyalo we-iostat ngaphandle kwengxabano esingakwazi buka izibalo zohlelo oluphelele:
iostat
Uma sifaka -d inketho kumyalo we-iostat, singakwazi buka izibalo ze-I / O zawo wonke amadivayisi:
iostat -d
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sifaka i- -p inketho kumyalo we-iostat, sizokwenza kanjalo khombisa izibalo ze-I / O zawo wonke amadivayisi kanye nokwahlukanisa kwawo.
iostat -p
Uma okusithandayo kuyikho buka izibalo eziningiliziwe ze-I / O zawo wonke amadivayisi, sizodinga kuphela ukufaka i -x inketho kumyalo we-iostat:
iostat -x
Uma sinentshisekelo bazi izibalo ze-I / O zamadivayisi we-block nazo zonke izingxenye zawo ezisetshenziswa uhlelo, sidinga nje ukwengeza inketho -p elandelwa igama ledivayisi:
iostat -p sda
Khipha
para susa iostat eqenjini lethu, sidinga nje ukuvula i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese siyisebenzisa kuyo:
sudo apt remove sysstat
Sisanda kubona amanye amathuluzi amabili angasiza umphathi wohlelo ukuthi thola izinkinga zokusebenza kwediski usebenzisa imiyalo iotop e iostat. Ngeminye imininingwane, umsebenzisi ofuna angaxhumana ne- fuente yalesi sihloko.