Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobheka iMTR. Kuyindlela ye- ithuluzi lokuhlaziya inethiwekhi nokuthi sizosebenzisa kusuka kulayini womyalo. Kuluhlelo olulula nolunama-multiplatform lokho ihlanganisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-traceroute ne-ping ngethuluzi elilodwa.
Uma i-MTR isebenza, izohlola ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi phakathi kohlelo lwasendaweni nomphathi wesilawuli kude esikucacisayo. Okokuqala usetha ikheli le-hop ngayinye yenethiwekhi phakathi kwabasingathi. Ngemuva kwalokho kuphonsa ngamunye ukunquma ikhwalithi yesixhumanisi kumshini ngamunye.
Njenge-traceroute, lolu hlelo luprinta imininingwane mayelana nendlela ethathwe ngamaphakethe. Kusuka kumsingathi lapho i-MTR igijimela kumsingathi oqondiswe kumsebenzisi ocacisiwe. Kuzokwazi futhi ukunquma indlela eya emshinini okude ngenkathi kuprintwa iphesenti lokuphendula, kanye nezikhathi zokuphendula zazo zonke izingosi zenethiwekhi phakathi kohlelo lwasendaweni nomshini okude.
Ngesikhathi salo msebenzi, I-MTR ikhiqiza izibalo ezithile eziwusizo emshinini ngamunye. Lokhu kuvuselelwa ngesikhathi sangempela, ngokuzenzakalela. Lapho wenza lolu hlelo, amaphakethe we-ICMP athunyelwa alungisa isikhathi sokuphila (i-TTL), ukubona uchungechunge lwezimpumputhe ezenziwa yiphakethe phakathi komsuka nendawo okuyiwa kuyo. Ukwanda okungazelelwe kokulahleka kwepakethe noma isikhathi sokuphendula kungaba uphawu lokuxhuma okungalungile, umphathi ophethe ngokweqile, noma ngisho nokuhlaselwa ngumuntu ophakathi nendawo.
Faka i-MTR
Sizothola leli thuluzi ifakwe ngaphambilini kuningi lokusatshalaliswa kwe-Gnu / Linux futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Uma ungatholi i-MTR ifakiwe, ungayifaka ku-Ubuntun usebenzisa umphathi wephakheji ozenzakalelayo. Kuzofanele sivule kuphela i-terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) bese sibhala kuyo:
sudo apt install mtr
Ezinye izibonelo zokusebenzisa i-MTR
Isibonelo esilula kakhulu esingasisebenzisa nge-MTR ukunikezela ngegama lesizinda noma ikheli le-IP lomshini okude njengengxabano, isibonelo google.com noma 216.58.223.78. Lo myalo izosikhombisa umbiko we-traceroute kuvuselelwa ngesikhathi sangempela, size sivale uhlelo, ngokucindezela u-q noma u-Ctrl + C.
mtr google.com
Buka amakheli e-IP ezinombolo
Sizokwazi ukuphoqa i-MTR ukuthi ikhombise Amakheli we-IP esikhundleni samagama wokubamba. Kulokhu kuzofanele sisebenzise kuphela -n njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:
mtr -n google.com
Buka amagama aphethe nama-IP ezinombolo
Uma sinentshisekelo ekubonisweni kwe-MTR womabili amagama aphethe ne-IP, kuzofanele sisebenzise kuphela -b:
mtr -b google.com
Nciphisa inani lamaphayingi
Ukukhawulela inani lamaphayinti kunani elithile bese uphuma ku-MTR ngemuva kwalezo zikhangiso, sizosebenzisa -c. Uma sibheka i- Ikholamu le-Snt, uma inombolo ebekiwe yamapings ifinyelelwe, isibuyekezo esibukhoma siyama bese uhlelo luphuma. Kulesi sibonelo, izixwayiso ezi-4 zizoxoshwa.
mtr -c 4 google.com
Khiqiza izibalo zenethiwekhi
Lolu hlelo lungalungiswa kumodi yokubika. Ukwenza lokhu, sizosebenzisa -r, okuyindlela ewusizo yokwenza izibalo zekhwalithi yenethiwekhi. Singasebenzisa le nketho ndawonye -c ukucacisa inani lamapings. Njengoba izibalo ziphrintiwe kokukhishwa okujwayelekile, sizokwazi ukuziqondisa kufayela ukuze liqhubeke nokuhlaziywa.
mtr -r -c 4 google.com > mtr-reporte
Hlela izinkambu zokukhipha
Sizokwazi futhi ukuhlela imikhakha yokukhipha ngendlela esithandayo kakhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa ye -o inketho njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi. Ingakwazi bona i-MTR man page ukuthola incazelo amalebula enkambu.
mtr -o "LSDR NBAW JMXI" 216.58.223.78
Isikhawu phakathi kwezicelo ze-ICMP ECHO
Isikhathi esizenzakalelayo phakathi kwezicelo ze-ICMP ECHO umzuzwana owodwa. Lokhu kungashintshwa ngokucacisa okusha isikhawu phakathi kwezicelo ukuguqula inani usebenzisa -i.
mtr -i 2 google.com
Cacisa inani eliphezulu lokuqaqa
Sizokwazi ukucacisa inani eliphakeme lokugxuma. I- okuzenzakalelayo kungama-30. Ngalokhu sizokwazi ukuhlola phakathi kohlelo lwasendaweni nomshini okude. Ukwenza lokhu sisebenzisa -m kulandelwe inani elisithandayo.
mtr -m 35 216.58.223.78
Setha usayizi wepakethe elisetshenzisiwe
Ngokuhlola ikhwalithi yenethiwekhi, sizokwazi setha usayizi wepakethe. Lokhu kuchazwe ngamabhayithi usebenzisa -s. Kumyalo olandelayo kuzofanele sinikeze inani lezinombolo kunkambu ye-PACKETSIZE:
mtr -r -s PACKETSIZE -c 5 google.com > mtr-reporte
Usizo lwe-MTR
Noma imuphi umsebenzisi oludingayo angathola usizo ngalolu hlelo ngokubheka ikhasi lendoda. Kuyo sizothola izinketho eziningi zokusetshenziswa.
man mtr
Singasebenzisa futhi i- imenyu yosizo enikezwa uhlelo kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo sayo ngokucindezela inkinobho H