Yikuphi ukunambitheka kobuntu engikukhethayo? #QalaUbuntu

Uma ucabanga ukuba yilokho okwaziwa ngokuthi "isishintshi", futhi, njengoba kungenzeka, uhlelo lokusebenza ofuna ukushintsha kulo yi-Windows, lapha ku- Ubunlog Sizimisele ukukunikeza isandla. Ungahlala uthenge ikhompuyutha enophawu lwesithelo, kodwa uzobe usebenzisa imali ongeke uyikhokhe. Indlela engcono kakhulu ye-Windows ukuthuthela ku-Linux, futhi kunjalo, kubhulogi efana nale esizibophezele kuyo Ubuntu noma enye yezinambitheka zayo ezisemthethweni.

Emlandweni woBuntu kanye “nama-flavour” akhona kukhona okufikayo nokudlulayo. Kukhona ama-flavour okuthi, ngesinye isikhathi ayeke ukusebenza futhi ayekwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi sinamaphrojekthi aqala "njenge-remix" ye-Ubuntu, iCanonical icabanga ukuthi abakwenzayo kuwumbono omuhle futhi banquma ukukwamukela njengokunambitha okusemthethweni. Uhlu lungahluka, kodwa hhayi inhliziyo; wonke ama-flavour basebenzisa isisekelo esifanayo.

Yini ama-Ubuntu flavour?

Uma usufike lapha, uzokwazi kakade ukuthi yini ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Gnu/Linux, kodwa noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi awazi ukuthi yini "flavour»ku-Ubuntu. I-flavour of Ubuntu is a Ukusabalalisa kwe-Gnu/Linux okusekelwe ku-Ubuntu. Empeleni Ubuntu, kodwa ngedeskithophu ethile, enamathuluzi athile noma uhlobo oluthile lwekhompyutha. Ukuziphatha kwama-flavour ku-Ubuntu kufana kakhulu nezinguqulo ze-Windows Home kanye ne-Windows Professional: ziyisistimu yokusebenza efanayo, kodwa eyodwa iza nesofthiwe eningi kunenye.

Kulungile, sengiqala ukuqonda ama-flavour Ubuntu. Kodwa yikuphi ukunambitheka engikukhethayo?

Kukhona cishe ama-flavour we-Ubuntu ayishumi nambili. I-flavour ngayinye inenjongo ethile futhi, ngaphandle kokuhlolisisa imininingwane yobuchwepheshe, ngizosho kafushane izici zayo:

• Ubuntu. Inketho yokuqala okufanele icatshangelwe ukusatshalaliswa uqobo, Ubuntu. Ideskithophu eyinhloko yi-GNOME, esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni we-Linux, esetshenziswa futhi ukusatshalaliswa okudume kakhulu okufana ne-Debian noma i-Fedora. Kubukeka kufana nesikubonayo lapho sivula i-Mac, kodwa iCanonical ikhetha ukubeka iphaneli kwesokunxele bese ifinyelela ngapha nangapha. I-GNOME kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, futhi ukukhetha okuncamelayo kwabaningi lapho uthuthela ku-Linux.
• Kubuntu. I-Ubuntu enedeskithophu ye-KDE Plasma. Kuyideskithophu eqondiswe kumsebenzisi wokugcina, okungukuthi, kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kanye "nokuthola" izinto, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi ine-interface efana ne-Windows. Ngenguqulo ngayinye abayikhiphile, bayenze yalula futhi yakhiqiza kakhulu, kodwa isithole idumela elibi lokungasebenzi kahle kwamanye amakhompyutha. Yilokho i-KDE enakho, ukuthi bafuna ukwenza yonke into futhi bakwenze kahle, kodwa kufanele baphelelise yonke into entsha abayethulayo.
• Xubuntu. Imayelana no-Ubuntu ozinikele kumakhompyutha anezinsiza ezimbalwa. Isebenzisa ideskithophu ye-XFCE, ilula kunangaphambili kodwa ayinembile kubasebenzisi abavela ku-Windows. Okuyikho, kungenziwa ngezifiso.
• Lubuntu. Ngenye i-flavour ye-Ubuntu enikelwe kumakhompyutha anezinsiza ezimbalwa, asihambe okushiwo "amakhompyutha amadala". Umehluko nge-Xubuntu ukudeskithophu yakho: uLubuntu usebenzisa I-LXQt, ideskithophu elula kakhulu ebukeka ifana kakhulu ne-Windows XP yakudala, ngakho ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kubasebenzisi be-Windows kulula kakhulu.
• Ubuntu MATE. Iwukunambitheka okufanayo noKubuntu, kodwa esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-KDE isebenzisa i-MATE njengedeskithophu ezenzakalelayo. I-MATE igama elithi Martin Wimpress alikhetha lapho enquma ukudala into efana ne-GNOME 2.x endala, kulabo abancamela ukusebenzisa i-Ubuntu yakudala hhayi i-Unity eyakhiwe yiCanonical, okuyiqiniso ukuthi ekuqaleni abazange ngiyithanda kakhulu.
• Ubuntu Studio. Lokhu kunambitheka kuhloselwe labo abathanda ukukhiqizwa, kungaba okomculo, isithombe, imidiya exubile noma ehlobene nje nezwe lezinhlamvu. Kumkhakha ngamunye ongenhla, Ubuntu Studio inekhithi yamathuluzi eyifaka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngakho-ke, esimweni sokukhiqizwa kwezithombe, ine-Gimp, Blender ne-InkScapet; kanjalo ngetimu ngayinye yokukhiqiza.
• Ubuntu Budgie. Kuyi-flavour ye-Ubuntu ngokuyisisekelo efana ne-GNOME ethanda izimonyo. Okuningi kwangaphakathi kwe-Ubuntu Budgie kwabelwanwa naleyo yokunambitheka okuyinhloko, kodwa inetimu yayo kanye nomklamo onesitayela.
• Ubunye Ubunye. ICanonical yashiya Ubumbano yaphindela ku-GNOME, ekugcineni yaba yinguqulo yesi-XNUMX (futhi yayeka Ubuntu GNOME), ngakho Ubumbano lwasala eLimbo. Ngemva kweminyaka, umthuthukisi osemncane waseNdiya wayibuyisela ekuphileni, futhi kwaba futhi ukunambitheka okusemthethweni. Ubuntu Unity isebenzisa ideskithophu ethuthukiswe yiCanonical, kodwa ngezinguqulo zakamuva zesofthiwe. Igqama kakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-Dash, kanye nokufaka wonke ama-tweaks umthuthukisi oyivusile eza nawo.
• Ubuntu Kylin. I-flavour ehloselwe ikakhulukazi umphakathi waseShayina, kangangokuthi asivamile ukuyivala lapha Ubunlog. Ideskithophu eyisebenzisayo i-UKUI futhi nakuba inomklamo omuhle, kungenzeka ukuthi akuyona yonke into ehunyushwa kahle ngesiSpanishi.

Uyini owinile?

Es okunzima ukukhetha phakathi kwazo zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo. Ngeke sithi omunye ungcono kunomunye, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi ngamunye ungcono kunabo bonke. Inguqulo eyinhloko isebenzisa i-GNOME okulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa; Ubuntu ngowabafuna konke; I-Xubuntu kanye ne-Lubuntu ngamaqembu asebenzisa izinsiza eziphansi, elokuqala lingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngandlela-thile futhi leli lakamuva lilula kancane; Ubuntu MATE kulabo abathanda okwakudala, ngisho "okudala", bona izingcaphuno; I-Budgie ne-Unity ingeyalabo abafuna ulwazi olusha; kanye neSitudiyo sabadali bokuqukethwe. Futhi, kahle, kulabo abakhuluma isiShayina, uKylin. Uhlala nobani?