Lesi sihloko sizophendula umbuzo wokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma Angikwazi ukungena ku-BIOS Izoqala ngendaba echazayo… ukuthi yini okungafanele ngiyenze uma ngingakwazi ukungena ku-BIOS. Noma yebo, kuncike ezintweni eziza kuqala kuwe. Eminyakeni engaphezudlwana kwe-4 edlule ngaqala ukudlala nge-Android x86, ngagcina nginama-bootloader amabili, ngalayisha eyodwa, ngashaqeka futhi isiphetho sendaba manje senginama-laptops amabili.
Inkinga yami kwaba ukuthi ngiwile impela ethukile, engacabangi, singaqapheli imininingwane esizoyichaza kamuva. Leyo laptop iyavilapha, bengifuna enamandla kakhudlwana futhi bengidinga nethuluzi engizosebenza nalo, ngakho ngashayela umngane isihlobo sakhe esingusosayensi wekhompyutha wangibuyisela inhlekelele: ngeWindows kanye nakho konke okwami. izingxenye, kuhlanganise namakhophi ayisipele, asusiwe. Ngangingenalutho olubalulekile, kodwa hamba ikhompuyutha; okwakumele akwenze ukuthi angibuze ngenkinga yami anginike isixazululo ngocingo, kodwa-ke, ngaleyondlela akazange akhokhise.
Yini i-BIOS
Isifinyezo sisuka ku-Basic Input/Output System, ehumusheka kusi-Spanish njengokuthi “isistimu yokufaka eyisisekelo/yokukhiphayo”. Isofthiwe yezinga eliphansi egcinwe kumemori ye-chip efundwayo kuphela ebhodini lomama lekhompyutha. Kuyisoftware ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukuqalisa nokusebenza kokuqala kohlelo kuncike kuyo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, inikeza imiyalelo yehadiwe futhi inika amandla ukuxhumana phakathi kwesistimu yokusebenza kanye nezingxenye zomzimba esebenza kuzo.
Nakuba i-chip ifundwa kuphela, yebo ingalondoloza izinguquko ezithile, njengalapho sishintsha ukuziphatha kokhiye bomsebenzi (ochazwe kamuva) noma vumela/ukhubaza Ukuvula Okuvikelekile.
Isebenza kanjani
Lapho uvula ikhompyutha, i-BIOS iyona ungqimba lokuqala lwesoftware esebenzayo ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo luqale ukuthola amandla. Ukwengeza kulokho okuye kwachazwa, umsebenzi wawo omkhulu uwukwenza Inqubo Yokuzivivinya Amandla Okusebenza o I-POST, okuwuchungechunge lokuhlolwa kokuxilonga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izingxenye zehadiwe ezifana ne-RAM, iphrosesa, nekhadi lezithombe zisebenza kahle. Phakathi nale nqubo, i-BIOS ihlonza futhi ilungise amadivayisi axhunyiwe.
Lapho inqubo iphela Ukuzihlola kwamandla okuzivivinya, i-BIOS ibheka idivayisi yokugcina lapho izolayisha khona isistimu yokusebenza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isofthiwe ilandela umyalelo oshiwo ku-BIOS ngokwayo, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi ifunda i-CD kuqala bese kulandela i-hard drive. Njengenketho, singamisa ukuthi futhi ifundeka ngaphambili ezimbobeni ze-USB. Uma ithola idrayivu enesistimu yokuqalisa evumelekile, iyaqala. Uma kungenjalo, ibonisa iphutha esikrinini.
Kubasebenzisi be-Linux, into elandelayo ezolayisha i-kernel, bese kuba yonke enye isofthiwe ize ifinyelele esibonakalayo sokuqhafaza (uma sisebenzisa).
I-BIOS inikeze indlela ye-UEFI
I-BIOS yasetshenziswa ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuphatha amashumi eminyaka. Nakuba zisasetshenziswa, izinhlelo eziningi zesimanje manje zisebenzisa i-Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, emele UEFI. Le nketho entsha inikezela ngezici ezengeziwe, njengesixhumi esibonakalayo sokucushwa kwesithombe esinomklamo ocophelela kakhulu nokuphepha okukhulu.
Noma kunjalo, cishe sizoqhubeka sisebenzisa igama elithi BIOS phakade naphakade. Sizoqhubeka sibhekisela kulolu hlobo lwesofthiwe sisebenzisa igama elasetshenziswa ekuqaleni, njengoba nje siqhubeka nokubiza amakhompiyutha noma amakhompiyutha namuhla anokufana okuncane noma okungafani nhlobo namakhompyutha okuqala angenawo ngisho ne-hard drive.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukungena ku-BIOS?
Hhayi ekuqaleni. Yebo kunjalo uma sifuna ukukhubaza i-Secure Boot, ukushintsha i-oda lokuqalisa noma ukuziphatha kokhiye bokusebenza, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi, ngemva kokwenza izinguquko ezisithakasela kakhulu, ngeke siphinde sikufake. Ukugijima kuyasebenza, noma bekungeke kuqale lutho, kodwa asikho isidingo sokukufinyelela. Wozani, akuyona into engingena kuyo nsuku zonke.
Angikwazi ukufaka i-BIOS ngoba angicindezelanga ukhiye olungile
Lokhu bekuyinkinga yami. Kubukeka kuyihlaya, kodwa akunjalo. Lapho ngithinta futhi ngithinta ukuzama ukwenza okuthile ngekhompyutha yami, i-BIOS yahlelwa kabusha (noma kunalokho, ngisetha kabusha ngezandla ezinkulu). Ngemuva kwalokhu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngicindezele kangakanani ukhiye wokungena ku-BIOS, ikhompuyutha yami ayifuni. Ibibhajwe ngaphandle kwebhuthi, futhi ingakwazi ukwenza lutho ukuqala isuka ku-USB. Kungani into eyayisebenza ngaphambi kokuba iyeke ukusebenza ngemva kokusebenza kwami?
Hhayi-ke. Amakhompyutha aphathekayo amaningi anokhiye abakhethekile abaqala ngo-F. Lawa Okhiye bomsebenzi, futhi ngokuvamile kukhona isamba esingu-12. Labo khiye bangasetshenziswa futhi njengezinqamuleli zokunyusa/ukwehlisa noma ukukhubaza iphedi yokuthinta, futhi kukhona ukucupha okungaba okubili:
- Ukucindezela inkinobho kwenza kusebenze okukhombisa umdwebo. Uma le nketho icushiwe, futhi ilungiselelwe kusuka ku-BIOS, ukucindezela i-Fx kuzokwenza lokho okusemdwebeni, isibonelo, F9 ukuthulisa umsindo.
- Ukucindezela okuthi Fn bese inkinobho ivula okubonisa umdwebo. Eduze kokhiye we-META, owaziwa nangokuthi ukhiye weWindows, kukhona omunye othi Fn. Uma le nketho yenziwe yasebenza, ukuze sithulise umsindo kufanele sicindezele u-Fn bese u-F9.
Inkinga lapha ukuthi i-F2, ukhiye engifaka kuwo i-BIOS, ungacushwa ngokucindezela ukhiye uwedwa noma nge-Fn+F2. Yimbudane engingazange ngiwele kuyo futhi angizange ngicabange ngayo ngesikhathi ngishaywa uvalo. Ngakho-ke isinyathelo sokuqala uma ngingakwazi ukungena ku-BIOS ukuzama ukucindezela ukhiye esicabanga ukuthi uyikho, kodwa ebambe Fn ngaphambili.
Ukuthola ukhiye olungile
Uma singazi ukuthi yimuphi ukhiye, kungcono ukuthatha enye idivayisi, njengeselula noma ithebhulethi, futhi sesha i-Inthanethi yimuphi ukhiye osingenisa kuBIOS kuye ngekhompyutha esinayo. Bengilokhu ngifinyelela ngokucindezela okuthi (Fn)F2 noma Susa, okuthi kuye ngokuthi ikhibhodi kungavela futhi nokuthi Del ukuze "susa" ngesiNgisi. Cishe kuqinisekile ukuthi ingenye ye-F noma i-Supr, kodwa uma ingalingani, singahlala sizama ezinye. Izinhlanganisela zingakhuphuka futhi zedlule ku-24 uma sengeza i-Fx ne-Fn + Fx. Futhi singazama ukucindezela u-Esc.
Mayelana nendlela yokucindezela ukhiye, abanye babhekisela endleleni ngokuthi "ugaxekile" kuwo: yicindezele izikhathi eziningi ngemva kokuqala kabusha ikhompuyutha. Kufanele futhi kulungele ukuyigcina icindezelekile, kodwa lapha kufanele sizame okusisebenzelayo.
Angikwazi ukufaka i-BIOS nganoma yimuphi ukhiye
Uma kungekho kulokhu okungenhla okuye kwasebenza, ngingazama enye into. Uma ilaptop ifika neWindows efakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, bengiya kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi, ngilande iphakheji ye-BIOS yekhompyutha yami, ngiqinisekise ukuthi ngilanda elungile, futhi Bengizoyifaka kabusha ngisuka ku-Windows.
Cha, akudingekile ukususa i-Linux noma i-dualboot ukuze ufake kabusha i-BIOS ku-Windows. Nakuba i-Microsoft inganikeli usekelo olusemthethweni, iWindows ingasebenza isuka ku-USB njengoba sichaza kudade wethu webhulogi i-LXA. Umqondo uwukwakha i-USB enokufakwa kweWindows, qalisa kwi-USB, landa isoftware ukuze ufake kabusha i-BIOS, uyifake kuWindows futhi hlola ukuthi lokhu kuyixazululile yini inkinga yethu. Yinto engiyenzile, ngakho ngiyazi ukuthi iyasebenza.
Uma othile enquma ukuzama lokhu, khumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-USB ashesha ngokulinganayo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-3.1 noma 3.2. Uma sine-SSD yangaphandle, ingcono kunengcono.
Ifaka iWindows uma ngingakwazi ukungena ku-BIOS...
...uma ifike neWindows. Lokhu kuyinto ongeke ukuthole kaningi uma ubheka ngaphandle kwalapha futhi manje, ngenxa yokuthi kungase kungasebenzi kuzo zonke izimo kulingana. Yinto engiphawula ngayo ngoba ngiyazi ukuthi kwenzekani, kuyenzeka kimina eqenjini, ngakho kumele kubhekwe.
Ngine-Lenovo, engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko futhi othanda uKubuntu kangaka, ukuthi noma nini lapho ngifaka IWindows kusuka komdabu kusetha kabusha izilungiselelo zami Izilungiselelo zefekthri ye-BIOS. Yingakho okwenzeka kimi kwenzeka kimi: ngemva kwesikhashana ngingena ngendlela eyodwa, kokunye ukufaka konke kwashintsha kimi, futhi angibange ngisakwazi ukungena ngokucindezela u-F2.
Umbuzo omncane oya ku-Google noma i-AI efana ne-ChatGPT
Iphuzu liwukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zamakhompiyutha futhi umenzi ngamunye wenza izinto ngendlela yakhe. Uma i-BIOS ibonisa umlayezo, singaqaphela futhi sibuze i-Google, i-StartPage noma i-AI ukuze sibone ukuthi banayo yini impendulo eqondile. Singasesha lowo mlayezo ku-YouTube. Muva nje, nangezizathu ezingaziwa, i-BIOS yami yangibuza igama-mfihlo engingalazi. Ngacinga futhi kukhona ikhasi elithi I-BiosBug okungase ngezinye izikhathi kusikhiqizele iphasiwedi yokuvula i-BIOS. Uma kungelona lelo khasi, kodwa sithola elinye, lingasebenza futhi.
Buyisela izilungiselelo zefekthri
Ngiphawula ngalokhu njengenketho, kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi umuntu onesandla esihle enze lokhu okuchazwe lapha. Kuthiwa, uma iphasiwedi ye-BIOS isethwe kabusha, ibuyela esimweni sayo sasekuqaleni, futhi ingaxazulula izinkinga ezisivimbela ukuthi siyifinyelele. Indlela yokwenza kuyinto ezoxhomeka ebhodini lomama, okungaba umqondo omuhle ukuxhumana nomkhiqizi.
Uma kuyikhompyutha yedeskithophu, eyaziwa nangokuthi "umbhoshongo", kufanele uthole inkinobho ye-DIP, futhi ingabonisa amalebula afana ne-PASSWD, PWD nokunye okunjalo (iphasiwedi ngesiNgisi, "iphasiwedi"). Uma sesitholakele, kufanele sishintshe indawo yokushintsha, sisuse i-jumper kusuka ezikhonkwane ezimbili futhi sibeke kwezinye izikhonkwane. Singazama futhi ukukhipha ibhethri ku-CMOS chip bese silinda isikhashana ukuze sibone ukuthi iyaziqalisa yini kabusha.
Kungase kuzwakale kulula, noma kunzima, kuye ngakunye, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi lokhu akuqinisekisi lutho. Futhi uma kungekho kulokhu okusebenzayo, cishe yisikhathi sokubiza uchwepheshe.
Isithombe sikanhlokweni: i-montage kusuka Isithombe ngu-Pexels.