Umyalo we-Grep: ithuluzi elinamandla lokuthola umbhalo kusuka ku-Terminal

Cishe noma ngubani onekhompyutha noma osebenza noyedwa uzokwazi isinqamuleli sekhibhodi Ctrl + F ukuthola umbhalo. I- "F" ivela ku- "Thola", "ukuthola" ngesiNgisi, futhi ingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukuthola umbhalo ekhasini lewebhu. Lesi sinqamuleli siyatholakala nasezinsizeni eziningi, kunezinhlelo ezisebenzisa i- "B" ye "Search, kepha lezi zinqamuleli zisebenza kuphela uma singaphakathi kohlelo futhi nefayela livulekile. Ku-Linux sinamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu esingawaqalisa ku-Terminal futhi uma sifuna thola noma yimuphi umbhalo oseqenjini lethu sizosebenzisa umyalo i-grep.

i-grep Kungumyalo ozosisiza ukuthola umbhalo ngaphakathi kwefayela esikukhombisayo. Igama layo livela ku- g / re / p, umyalo osebenzela into efanayo kusihleli sombhalo se-Unix / Linux. Njengeminye imiyalo eminingi, i-grep Ineziningi izinketho ezitholakalayo esizongeza ngezinhlamvu futhi ngamunye uzosebenzela umsebenzi ohlukile. Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zinketho sizokwazi ukwenza usesho oluyinkimbinkimbi kufayela elilodwa noma amaningi. Lapha sikukhombisa konke odinga ukukwazi.

con i-grep sizothola noma yimuphi umbhalo kunoma yiliphi ifayela

Okokuqala nje sizochaza izinketho ezitholakalayo:

• -i: ngeke yehlukanise phakathi kukashukela ongaphezulu nophansi.
• -w: iphoqe ukuthi ithole kuphela amagama athile.
• -v: ukhetha imigqa engafani.
• -n: kukhombisa inombolo yomugqa namagama aceliwe.
• -h: isusa isiqalo kwigama lefayela le-Unix kokukhiphayo.
• -r: isesha izinkomba eziphindayo.
• -R: uthanda -r kepha ulandele wonke ama-symlinks.
• -l: ikhombisa amagama wamafayela kuphela anemigqa ekhethiwe.
• -c- Ibonisa ukubalwa okukodwa ngefayela ngalinye lemigqa ekhethiwe.
• -Umbala: Ibonisa amaphethini afanayo ngemibala.

Emfanekisweni osesihlokweni salesi sihloko ngibheke igama elithi "Izithombe" kufayela elithi "830.desktop" elikuleyo ndlela. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngibhale:

grep Imágenes /home/pablinux/Documentos/830.desktop

Khumbula ukuthi kule ndatshana sizobhala izibonelo okufanele ziguqulwe ngokuya ngokuncamelayo kosesho lwethu. Ngokuthi "Ifayela", "iZwi", njll, sizobe sibhekisa kufayela elinendlela yalo. Ukube bengivele ngabhala i- "grep Images 830.desktop" bengizothola umlayezo othi ifayela alikho. Noma-ke kungaba njalo ngaphandle kokuthi ifayili belikwisikhombisi sezimpande.

Ezinye izibonelo kungaba:

• grep -i izithombe /home/pablinux/Documentos/830.desktop, lapho "izithombe" kungaba igama esifuna ukulithola bese lonke ifayili linendlela yalo. Lesi sibonelo sizoseshela "izithombe" kufayela elithi "830.desktop" icala elingazweli.
• grep -R izithombe: ibingasesha yonke imigqa yomkhombandlela nayo yonke imikhombandlela yayo lapho kutholakala igama elithi "izithombe".
• grep -c isibonelo test.txt: lokhu kuzosibheka futhi kukhombise inani eliphelele lezikhathi "isibonelo" esivela kufayela elibizwa nge- "test.txt.

Nge-grep futhi singasesha amafayela

Uma esikufunayo ukuthola ifayili i-830.desktop, sizobhala umyalo olandelayo:

grep 830.desktop

Lokhu kuzokwenza i- sesha ifayela «830.desktop» kufolda yethu yomuntu siquOkusho ukuthi, uma ifayela likufolda yomuntu siqu yomunye umsebenzisi, ngeke litholakale. Lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngoba umsebenzisi akanayo imvume yokufinyelela kokuqukethwe komunye ngaphandle kwephasiwedi yakhe.

Ungakwenza kanjani ukusesha okuphindwayo

i-grep futhi iyasivumela yenza usesho ngokuya ngemithetho noma imihlahlandlela ephindayo. Isibonelo, funda wonke amafayela enkombeni ngayinye equkethe igama elithi "Pablinux". Ngenxa yalokhu sizobhala:

grep -r Pablinux /home/

Kulungile:

grep -R Pablinux /home/

Sizobona imiphumela ye- "Pablinux" kulayini ohlukile owandulelwa igama lefayela elitholwe kulo. Uma singafuni ukubona amagama wamafayela kokukhipha idatha sizosebenzisa inketho -h (kusuka ku- "fihla"; fihla):

grep -h -R Pablinux /home/

Singajoyina izinketho bese sibhala "-hR" ngaphandle kwezilinganiso.

Ungakwenza kanjani ukusesha kwamagama ngqo

Kwesinye isikhathi kunamafayela aqukethe lokho esifuna ukukufuna kokunye. Isibonelo, lokhu kungenzeka kithi ngamagama ahlanganisiwe futhi ngokusesha "amahlathi" singathola "abaqaphi". Uma sifuna thola igama eliqondile sizosebenzisa inketho -w:

grep -w bosques /home/pablinux/Documentos/vacaciones.txt

Umyalo ongenhla ubuzosesesha "amahlathi", ungazinaki iziqaphi, kufayela elithi "vacation.txt" endleleni ekhonjisiwe. Uma esikufunayo ukucinga amagama amabili ahlukene sizosebenzisa umyalo egrep:

egrep -w bosques|plantas /ruta/del/archivo

Yazi ukuthi livela kangaki igama kufayela

i-grep futhi iyakwazi bala ukuthi livela kangaki igama kufayela. Kulokhu sizosebenzisa inketho ye -c:

grep -c prueba /ruta/al/archivo

Ukungeza inketho -n esizokubona yinombolo yomugqa lapho kuvela igama.

Phindela emuva ekubukeni

Futhi singenza okuphambene, okungukuthi, sesha imigqa engenalo igama. Kulokhu sizosebenzisa inketho ye -v, ezoba ngale ndlela elandelayo:

grep -v la ruta/al/archivo

Umyalo ongenhla uzobonisa yonke imigqa ebingenalo igama elithi "the". Lokhu kungasiza emibhalweni noma kuhlu lapho igama liphindaphindwa kaningi futhi, ngasizathu simbe, sidinga ukufinyelela eminye imigqa esele.

Ukuthola imininingwane yohlelo nge i-grep

i-grep ayikwazi kuphela ukusesha ngaphakathi kwamafayela. Kubuye futhi ikwazi ukubuka imininingwane yohlelo. Ku-skrini yangaphambilini singabona ukuthi isikhombisa kanjani ukuthi iyiphi imodeli ye-PC esinayo (ngiyazi ukuthi akuyona i-laptop enamandla kakhulu emhlabeni). Ngenxa yalokhu sisebenzise umyalo:

cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i 'Model'

Kulungile:

grep -i 'Model' /proc/cpuinfo

Uma esikufunayo ukubona amagama amayunithi wediski esizowabhala:

dmesg | egrep '(s|h)d[a-z]'

Ungabhala Kanjani Ukufanisa Amagama Wefayela kuphela

Uma sifuna ukubona uhlu olunamagama kuphela wamafayela afana nosesho sizosebenzisa inketho ye - l njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:

grep -l 'main' *.c

Futhi uma sifuna ukubona igama ngemibala sizobhala:

grep --color palabra /ruta/al/archivo

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umyalo i-grep Kuyinto a ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu Kuyifanele ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho singakhumbuli lapho sibhale khona okuthile noma ezinhlelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasisiza ukuthola imininingwane yohlelo ngendlela abathandi beTheminali abazoyithanda. Ngabe lo mhlahlandlela kumyalo wokuthola imibhalo ube wusizo kuwe i-grep?